Theobald is a Germanic dithematic name, composed from the elements theod- "people" and bald "bold". The name arrived in England with the Normans.

The name occurs in many spelling variations, including Theudebald, Diepold, Theobalt, Tybalt; in French Thibaut, Thibault, Thibeault, Thiébaut, etc.; in Italian Tebaldo; in Spanish and Portuguese Teobaldo; in Irish Tiobóid; in Czech Děpolt; and in Hungarian Tibold.

People called Theobald include:

• Saint Theobald of Dorat (990–1070), French saint
• Saint Theobald of Marly (died 1247), French saint and Cistercian abbot
• Saint Theobald of Provins (1033–1066), French hermit and saint
• Theobald of Langres (12th century), number theorist
• Theobald I, Duke of Lorraine (c. 1191–1220), the Duke of Lorraine (1213–1220)
• Theobald II, Duke of Lorraine (1263–1312), the Duke of Lorraine (1303–1312)
• Theobald I, Count of Blois (913–975), the first Count of Blois, Chartres, and Châteaudun, as well as Count of Tours
• Theobald II of Blois (c. 985–1004), eldest son and heir of Odo I, Count of Blois, and Bertha of Burgundy
• Theobald III, Count of Blois (1012–1089), also known as Theobald I of Champagne, count of Blois, Meaux and Troyes
• Theobald II, Count of Champagne (1090–1152), also known as Theobald IV of Blois (1090–1152), Count of Blois and of Chartres as Theobald IV (1102–1152) and Count of Champagne and of Brie as Theobald II 1125–1152
• Theobald III, Count of Champagne (1179–1201), Count of Champagne (1197–1201)
• Theobald IV of Champagne (1201–1253), also known as Theobald I of Navarre, Count of Champagne (1201–1253) and King of Navarre (1234–1253)
• Theobald V of Champagne (c. 1239–1270), also known as Theobald II of Navarre, Count of Champagne and Brie (as Theobald V) and King of Navarre (1253–1270)
• Theobald of Bec (c. 1090–1161), Archbishop of Canterbury (1138–1161)
• Theobald, Bishop of Liège (died 1312), ruler of Liège (1302–1312)
• Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg (1856–1921), German politician and statesman who served as Chancellor of the German Empire (1909–1917)
• Theobald Mathew (temperance reformer) (1790–1856), Irish temperance reformer
• Theobald Mathew (legal humourist) (1866–1939), English barrister and legal humourist
• Theobald Mathew (Director of Public Prosecutions), (1898–1964) English Director of Public Prosecutions
• Theobald Mathew (officer of arms) (1942–1998), English officer of arms
• Theobald Stein (1829–1901), Danish sculptor
• Theobald Wolfe Tone (1763–1798), Irish revolutionary figure and leader of the 1798 United Irishmen's rising