The University of Parma (Italian: Università degli Studi di Parma, UNIPR) is a public university in Parma, Emilia-Romagna, Italy. It is organised in nine departments. As of 2016 the University of Parma has about 26,000 students.
During the 13th-14th centuries there was an educational institution, studium, in Parma, but it was closed in 1387 by Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Duke of Milan. The university was opened in 1412 by Niccolò III d'Este, and, although no papal bull was issued, the degrees were granted. In 1420 Filippo Maria Visconti closed it again.[2]
Although there were several attempts to revive the university, it functioned only as a "paper university", granting degrees without teaching. In 1601, the university was finally reopened by Ranuccio I Farnese, and the papal bill was given.[3] It was a joint institution with a Society of Jesus, and a third of staff were teachers from a local Jesuit school, who taught in a separate building and by Jesuit curriculum.[4] There were usually about 27-32 teachers and 300-400 students in the 17th century.[5] Logic, natural history, mathematics and theology were taught by Jesuits and law and medicine by civil teachers.[3] Among the most important Jesuits who taught in Parma should be mentioned Giovanni Battista Riccioli, and Daniello Bartoli.[6]
In 1768, Ferdinand I expelled Jesuits and the curriculum was modernized.[7] Student protests resulted in closure of the university by Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma, in 1831; only in 1854 did Louise Marie Thérèse of Artois re-open it. The university then comprised faculties of theology, law, medicine, physics and mathematics, philosophy, and literature, as well as schools of obstetrics, pharmacy, and veterinary medicine.[8]
After the Risorgimento, the government of newly united Italy divided the universities of the country into two grades. In 1862, the University of Parma was declared grade B, its financing was reduced, and the quality of education degraded.[9] It was equalized with grade A universities only in 1887.[10]
^For a summary description of all of the set of scholars and literati who intervened in teaching at the University of Parma from its creation until 1800, see Cecilia Rolla and Mara Vitale,(2022). Scholars and Literati at the University of Parma (1412-1800).Repertorium Eruditorum Totius Europae/RETE. 6: 1– 8.
^"Attilio Bertolucci | Italian poet, literary critic and translator". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2019-04-26.
^"IEEE to Honor Professor Alberto Broggi, founder of VisLab, an Ambarella Company, for His Achievements in the Field of Autonomous Driving". www.businesswire.com. 2017-05-19. Retrieved 2019-04-26.
^"European Academy of Sciences - Marta Catellani". www.eurasc.org. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
^"Flavio Delbono — University of Bologna — Curriculum vitae". www.unibo.it. Retrieved 2019-04-26.
^"Professor Vittorio Gallese | School of Advanced Study". research.sas.ac.uk. Retrieved 2019-04-26.
^Burrow, Stephen (2024-01-19). "Antigua & Barbuda's Foreign Affairs Minister praises Ambassador Dario Item as a game changer". Dominica News Online. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
^"Attivati 18 nuovi Dipartimenti, soppresse Facoltà e costituito nuovo Senato Accademico" (in Italian). 4 July 2013.
Booksedit
Grendler, Paul F. (2004). The Universities of the Italian Renaissance. Baltimore MD USA: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 127–137. ISBN 978-0-8018-8055-1.
Grendler, Paul F. (2017). The Jesuits and Italian Universities, 1548-1773. Washington DC: CUA Press. pp. 154–188. ISBN 978-0-8132-2936-2.
Annali di Storia delle Università italiane. Vol. 9. 2005.