Eanbald_(died_796) Knowpia

Eanbald I
Eanbald I
Archbishop of York
Elected	780
Term ended	10 August 796
Predecessor	Æthelbert
Successor	Eanbald II
Orders
Consecration	c. 780
Personal details
Born	unknown
Died	10 August 796
Buried	York Minster

Eanbald I^[a] (died 10 August 796) was an eighth century Archbishop of York.

Early life edit

Eanbald was a fellow student at York with Alcuin under Æthelbert, his predecessor at York. Alcuin called him a "brother and most faithful friend."^[1] Ethelbert put Alcuin and Eanbald in charge of rebuilding York Minster, as the duties of archbishop kept Ethelbert from handling the details.^[2]

Archbishop edit

Eanbald was elected Archbishop of York in 780.^[3] Alcuin was sent by King Ælfwald I of Northumbria to retrieve Eanbald's pallium from Pope Adrian I in Rome.^[4]

In 786 Eanbald presided over a church synod held in Northumbria with two papal legates from Adrian I and the king. Among the canons adopted were ones that debarred illegitimate children from inheriting kingdoms, that priests must not celebrate Mass while bare-legged, that bishops should not debate secular affairs at church councils, that there should be a clear difference between canons, monks, and laymen in dress and deportment, and that tithes must be given by all men to the Church.^[5] He also probably presided over councils held in 782, 787, and 788.^[6] Shortly before his death, he consecrated the new king, Eardwulf of Northumbria.^[6]

Eanbald's time as archbishop was a time of political instability in the Northumbrian kingdom. The synod of 786 condemned regicide, probably because of the number of kings and royal kin that had been killed in the political struggles taking place in the kingdom of Northumbria.^[6] His archbishorpric also witnessed the first attacks of the Danes on Northumbria. The country was so widely ravaged, that in 790, the Yorkist scholar, Alcuin, deserted the city for the Frankish Court of Charlemagne.

Later life and death edit

On 26 May 796, Eanbald consecrated Eardwulf of Northumbria as king at York.^[7] Eanbald died at the monastery of Etlete or Edete on 10 August 796,^[3] the monastery's exact location has not be determined.^[6] He was buried in York Minster.^[8]

Notes edit

^ Usually known as Eanbald I to distinguish him from a later archbishop also named Eanbald ( Eanbald II).

Citations edit

^ Duckett Alcuin pp. 22-23
^ Duckett Alcuin p. 27
^ ^a ^b Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 224
^ Duckett Alcuin p. 33
^ Duckett Alcuin pp. 154-157
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Rollason "Eanbald" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
^ Kirby Earliest English Kings p. 131
^ Duckett Alcuin p. 205

References edit

Duckett, Eleanor Shipley (1951). Alcuin, Friend of Charlemagne: His World and His Work. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1010576.
Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology (Third revised ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
Kirby, D. P. (2000). The Earliest English Kings. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-24211-8.
Rollason, David (2004). "Eanbald (I) (d. 796)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/8390. Retrieved 9 November 2007. (subscription or UK public library membership required)