Consonants
|
---|
IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
---|
b
|
(WL) biott, dubbi, (EL) biót, döbe
|
bud
| d
|
(WL) lader, drizz, (EL) làder, drécc
|
day
| dz
|
(WL) mezzaluna, ruzzà, mezz metter[1][2][3] |
cods
| dʒ
|
(WL) veggia, gent, giovin, resgiô, lecc grand, (EL) ègia, regiùr[1][4] |
juice
| f
|
(WL) boffà, oeuv, (EL) bofà, öf[1] |
fit
| ɡ
|
(WL) gatt, bagaj, (EL) gat, bagài
|
good
| h
|
(EL) presidènt, sùra, dés, sich, sènt, pesàda, sigóla, pès[3][5] |
ham
| k
|
(WL) can, marches, foeugh, (EL) cà, marchés, föch[1] |
sky
| l
|
lacc, caròtola, (WL) ballon, vioeula, (EL) balù, viöla, pedriöl[6] |
lock
| m
|
(WL) mes'cià, (EL) mes-cià, campiù[7][8] |
maid
| ɱ
|
(EL) banfà, convegnì[7][8] |
triumph
| n
|
nòcc, (WL) danee, (EL) danér, cantù, sentì[7][8] |
den
| ŋ
|
(EL) ànga, mànche[7][8] |
long
| ɲ
|
(WL) gnucca, legn, (EL) gnöca, lègn, àzegn[8] |
opinion
| p
|
(WL) piasè, goeubb, (EL) piasér, gòp[1] |
spite
| r
|
(WL) roeuda, porscell, corr, caròtola, vioeula, (EL) röda, porsèl, cór[6] |
trilled r
| s
|
(WL) pressident, sora, dis, zuccher, lenzoeu, cazzoeula, mezz, dersett, scova, (EL) presidènt, sùra, dés, sich, sènt, pesàda, sigóla, pès, scùa[1][2][3] |
same
| ʃ
|
(WL) pesciada, scigolla, pesg, scenna, scova, (EL) scéna[1][9] |
shame
| t
|
(WL) todesch, giald, (EL) todèsch, zalt[1] |
stay
| ts
|
(WL) zuccher, lenzoeu, cazzoeula, mezz, dersett, (EL) söcher, lensöl, casöla, mès, dersèt[1][2][3] |
pets
| tʃ
|
(WL) mas'c, vegg, ciocca, cinch, cent, tucc trii, (EL) mascc, ècc, ciòca, lesiù[1][5] |
chain
| ʋ
|
(WL) violin, el vent, cavej, on pò de vent, (EL) viulì, ol vènt[1][10] |
between wet and vet
| z
|
desmentegà, (WL) basell, s'gionf, mezzaluna, ruzzà, mezz metter, (EL) bazèl, sgiónf, mezalüna, rözà, mès méter, zét, zùen, rezùr[1][2][3][4] |
zone
| ʒ
|
(WL) resgiô, desmentegà[1][4] |
vision
| Non-native consonants
|
---|
ʎ
|
(WL) botteglia, (EL) butìglia
|
million
|
| Semivowels
|
---|
IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
---|
j
|
(WL) piatt, tajà, mej, lezion, (EL) piàt, taià, mèi, lècc grant, töcc tré[1] |
yes
| w
|
(WL) aqua, sguerc, s'ciao, (EL) àqua, sguèrs
|
way
|
|
Vowels[11] |
---|
IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
---|
Short vowels
|
---|
a
|
abità, (WL) mamma, Bressa, perchè, semper,[12] (EL) mama, Brèsa, cantù, pader, lombard, nacc, ach, italià[13] |
manner (Scotland)
| e
|
pelà, perchè, (WL) semper, cortellin, elencà, elettrega, vedemm, besògn,[12] (EL) envéren, méter, sèmper, elencà, elètrega, edóm, bezògn, öle, vendedùr, dét, prensépe, isé, prém, mel, dré, seré, décc, énte[14] |
bay
| ɛ
|
(WL) regn, adess, invern, metter, savè, domènega, (EL) règn, adès, pelà, perchè, sèmper, elencà, elètrega, edóm, bezògn, öle, vendedùr, prensépe, setèmber[14] |
bed
| i
|
(WL) inscì, primm, Milan, elettrega, vedemm, besògn,[12] (EL) curtilì, saì, dümìnica, Milà, simpàtech, finìcc, cunusìcc, mìa, giardì
|
beet, but shorter
| o
|
(EL) s-ciào, Cóm, cólda, ólter, ólta, póch, conós, óst, modéren, colùr, popolasiù, compàgn, piemontés, ciót, faró, alóra, próa, segónt[15] |
law (RP), but shorter
| ɔ
|
(WL) nòmm, anmò, Còmm, oeuli, vòlta, pocch, cognoss, (EL) nòm, amò, mama, Brèsa[13][15] |
off
| ø
|
(WL) oeugg,[16] (EL) öcc, öle, töarà, cöcömer, pröa, töcc, piö, löster, cöntà, encö, zöga, löna, scör, cönt, öndes[15] |
bird (RP), but shorter
| u
|
(WL) agost, modern, pocch, cognoss, sô, color, popolazion, comun, tovarà, cocumer, (EL) sul, culùr, pupulasiù, piemuntés, cumpuzisiù, alùra, amùr, put, nasiù
|
cool, but shorter
| y
|
(WL) tucc, pussee, luster, comunicazion, busecca, (EL) lüna, scür, cümü, büzèca
|
foot (Scotland)
| Short nasal vowels[8] |
---|
ã
|
(WL) banfà, campion, canton
|
sang (Scotland)
| ẽ
|
(WL) sentì, asen, venditor
|
sang (Southern U.S.)
| ĩ
|
(WL) prinzipi, simpategh
|
ring
| ũ
|
(WL) compagn, piemontes, composizion, convegnì
|
no English equivalent; nasalized /u/
| ỹ
|
(WL) cuntà
|
no English equivalent; nasalized /y/
| Long vowels
|
---|
aː
|
(WL) pader, lombard, andaa, calda, alter[17] |
father
| eː
|
(WL) mel, dree
|
bay
| iː
|
(WL) dii, prinzipi, finii
|
beet
| oː
|
(WL) calda, alter, oeuli, vòlta[15] |
law (RP)
| uː
|
(WL) ciod, faroo, alora, amor
|
cool
| øː
|
(WL) proeuva, incoeu, oeuli, vòlta[15] |
bird (RP)
| yː
|
(WL) giuga, luna, scur, cuu, cognossuu
|
few (Scotland)
| Long nasal vowels[8] |
---|
ãː
|
(WL) vanga, manchi, anca, italian
|
sang (Scotland)
| ẽː
|
(WL) settember, seren
|
sang (Southern U.S.)
| ĩː
|
(WL) dinc, vint, minga, giardin
|
no English equivalent; nasalized /iː/
| ũː
|
(WL) segond, pont, nazion
|
no English equivalent; nasalized /uː/
| ỹː
|
(WL) cunt, vundes, comun
|
no English equivalent; nasalized /yː/
|
| Suprasegmentals
|
---|
IPA |
Examples |
Explanation
|
---|
ˈ
|
(WL) insemma [ĩˈsɛma], (EL) ensèma [ɛnˈsɛma]
|
primary stress
| ˌ
|
(WL) tirabuscion [ˌti(ː)rabyˈʃũː], (EL) tirabosù [ˌtiraboˈsu]
|
secondary stress
| .
|
(WL) sciador [ʃi.aˈduːr], (EL) sciadùr [ʃi.aˈdur]
|
syllable break
| ː
|
(WL) tròpp dolz [ˌtrɔ‿ˈdːul(t)s], (EL) tròp dóls [ˌtrɔ‿ˈdːols][3] |
geminated consonant
|
|