's – (Dutch), contraction of desgenitive case of definite article de ("the"). Is never capitalized. Example: 'sGravesande, 'sHertogenbosch. In geographical names a hyphen is added:'s-Hertogenbosch.
't – (Dutch), contraction of neuter definite article het ("the"). Is never capitalized. Example: 't Hoen.
Chaudhary - (Punjabi) A title of honour from the Punjab used by several Punjabi tribes, often represented by the prefix "Ch".[6]
Da – (Italian) "from", "of"; (Portuguese) "from the" (before a feminine singular noun)[citation needed]
Das – (Portuguese) "from the", "of the", preceding a feminine plural noun[citation needed]
De – (Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Filipino) "of"; indicates region of origin, often a sign of nobility; in Spanish-speaking countries a married woman will sometimes append her name with "de XXXX" [citation needed] where "XXXX" is her husband's last name; (Dutch) "the"
Dos – (Portuguese) "from the, of the", preceding a masculine plural noun[citation needed]
Du – (French) "of the", preceding a masculine singular noun[citation needed]
E – (Portuguese) "and", between surnames (Maria Eduarda de Canto e Mello)[citation needed]
Fitz – (Irish, from Norman French) "son of", from Latin "filius" meaning "son" (mistakenly thought to mean illegitimate son, because of its use for certain illegitimate sons of English kings)[citation needed]
i – (Catalan) "and", always in lowercase, used to identify both surnames (e.g. Antoni Gaudí i Cornet)[7]
ka – (Zulu) "(son/daughter) of", always in lower case and preceding the name of the father.
Kil, Gil, Mal, Mul – (English, Irish, Scottish) "son of", "servant of", "devotee of", originating from the Irish "Mac Giolla", typically followed by a Saint's name (e.g. Mac Giolla Bhríde).[8][9]
M'/Mac/Mc/Mck/Mhic/Mic – (Irish, Scottish, and Manx Gaelic) "son". Both Mac and Mc are sometimes written Mac and Mc (with superscript ac or c). In some names, Mc is pronounced Mac.
war - Marathi Last Name. People from Arya Vyshya community residing mostly in central India.
Suffixesedit
-a, -yaKurdish means "of" (female) (by two surnames)[clarification needed][citation needed]
-à (Catalan) feminine -ana "of or from [a locality or place]" (Català -Catalan); and also the name of a job (Manyà -irosmith), from Latin -ānus, -āna[citation needed]
-aitė (Lithuanian) signifies an unmarried female[citation needed]
-aty Americanized form[citation needed]
-aj (Albanian) (pronounced AY; meaning “of the" ) It denotes the name of the family, which mostly comes from the male founder of the family, but also from a place, as in, Lash-aj (from the village Lashaj of Kastrat, MM, Shkodër). It is likely that its ancient form, still found in MM, was an [i] in front of the last name, as in ‘Déda i Lékajve’ (Déd of Lekës). For ease of use, the [i] in front of the last name, and the ending _ve, were dropped. If the last name ends in [a], then removing the [j] would give the name of the patriarch or the place, as in, Grudaj - j = Gruda (place in MM). Otherwise, removing the whole ending [aj] yields the name of founder or place of origin, as in Lekaj - aj = Lek(ë). Since the names are found most commonly in Malsi e Madhe (North) and Labëri (South), it is likely that this linguistic feature is very old. It must have been lost as a result of foreign influences brought into Albania by the invaders. [citation needed]
-dan, -den, -don, -dön (Kyrghyz) "from (whom)", when the ancestor 's name ends in a soft consonant also vowel (e.g. Asanbaydan, Marlenden, Ormondon, Bayköldön)
-ell (English spelling for French -el, diminutive)[citation needed]
-el (Northern French and Occitan, French -eau)[citation needed]
-ema (Suffix of Frisian origin, given by Napoleon Bonaparte who used suffixes like these to keep a record of people's origins within the Netherlands)[citation needed]
-ičius (Lithuanian) Lithuanianized version of the Belarusian -ich (Belarusian Latin: -ič) and Polish -icz[citation needed]
-avičius/-evičius (Lithuanian) Lithuanianized version of the Belarusian -ovich/-evich (Belarusian Latin: -ovič/-evič) and Polish -owicz/-ewicz[citation needed]
-ičs (Latvian) Latvianized version of the Belarusian -ich (Belarusian Latin: -ič) and Polish -icz[citation needed]
-ovičs/-evičs (Latvian) Latvianized version of the Belarusian -ovich/-evich (Belarusian Latin: -ovič/-evič) and Polish -owicz/-ewicz[citation needed]
-jerhin/-jerin (Kyrghyz) "place (of origin)" Usually, this form of the surname is assigned to kairylmans who do not have a surname. This form is added to the place of residence, origin. Those who do not know their origin can also be used. It is possible at will. (e.g. Pamirjerhin/Pamirjerin, Tongjerhin/Tongjerin). In The Kyrghyz latine alphabet will be -zerin
-ko (Polish, Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Serbian)- diminutive, “child,” “descendant of.” It is used in affectionate forms of first names, and is also a common suffix in many surnames.
-ská (Czech, Slovak) Feminine equivalent of -ský[citation needed]
-skis (Latvian) Latvianized version of the Polish and Belarusian -ski[citation needed]
-sma (Frisian) "son of"[citation needed]
-son (English, Swedish, German, Norwegian, Scottish, Icelandic) "son (of)" (sometimes less recognizable, e.g. "Dixon"; in Iceland not part of a family name but the patronymic (sometimes matronymic) last name (by law), where (usually) the fathers's name is always slightly modified and then son added)[citation needed]
-sson (Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish, Scottish) "son (of)" (in Iceland technically the first s is a separate "suffix" of the father's name according to Icelandic language rules, one of the most common modifications)[citation needed]
-strom, -strøm, -ström (Danish, Swedish) from 'current', probably an arbitrarily adopted ornamental name but possibly a topographic name for someone who lived by a river. [citation needed]
-tan, -ten, -ton, -tön (Kyrghyz) "from (whom)", when the ancestor 's name ends in a hard consonant (e.g. Syrghaktan, Barsbekten, Bolotton, Küchlüktön)
-teghin (Kyrghyz) "family tree, descent from the ancestor of the same name", is added at the end to the name of one ancestor. (e.g. Esenteghin, Alymbekteghin, Üsönaalyteghin) Marriage form for the surname -teghinghe — "Belonging to this family tree" (e.g. Esenteghinghe, Alymbekteghinghe, Üsönaalyteghinghe)
-vitz, -witz, -witch, -witsch (Germanized or Anglicized respellings)[citation needed]
-vičius (Lithuanian) Lithuanianized version of the Belarusian -vich (Belarusian Latin: -vič) and Polish -wicz[citation needed]
-vičiutė (Lithuanian) signifies an unmarried female[citation needed]
-vičs (Latvian) Latvianized version of the Belarusian -vich (Belarusian Latin: -vič) and Polish [citation needed]–wicz
-vedi (Sanskrit, Hindi) "learned in _ Vedas" (e.g. Trivedi = "learned in 3 Vedas")
-wala, -wallah, wali,vala, vali (Hindustani, Gujarati, Bengali, Marathi) denotes the occupation or place of origin (Occupation example: Batliwala – one who deals with bottles. Place example: Suratwala – one from Surat)[citation needed]
-wan (Indonesian) denotes a male name[citation needed]
-wati (Indonesian) denotes a female name[citation needed]
-ys (English) representing i. the archaic plural form, or ii. a diminutive form. Variant forms not limited to -yss, -is, -es. Pronunciation is as modern plural suffix -s; i.e. Sandys = sands; Foulis = fowls.[18][19]