This template is used on approximately 1,670,000 pages, or roughly 3% of all pages. To avoid major disruption and server load, any changes should be tested in the template's /sandbox or /testcases subpages, or in your own user subpage. The tested changes can be added to this page in a single edit. Consider discussing changes on the talk page before implementing them. |
This template uses Lua: |
{{Cite arXiv}} | arXiv preprints |
---|---|
{{Cite AV media}} | audio and visual media |
{{Cite AV media notes}} | AV media liner notes |
{{Cite bioRxiv}} | bioRxiv preprints |
{{Cite book}}books and chapters{{Cite CiteSeerX}} | CiteSeerX papers |
{{Cite conference}} | conference papers |
{{cite document}} | short, stand-alone, offline documents |
{{Cite encyclopedia}} | edited collections |
{{Cite episode}} | radio or TV episodes |
{{Cite interview}} | interviews |
{{Cite journal}} | academic journals |
{{Cite magazine}} | magazines, periodicals |
{{Cite mailing list}} | public mailing lists |
{{Cite map}} | maps |
{{Cite medRxiv}} | medRxiv preprints |
{{Cite news}} | news articles |
{{Cite newsgroup}} | online newsgroups |
{{Cite podcast}} | podcasts |
{{Cite press release}} | press releases |
{{Cite report}} | reports |
{{Cite serial}} | audio or video serials |
{{Cite sign}} | signs, plaques |
{{Cite speech}} | speeches |
{{Cite SSRN}} | SSRN papers |
{{Cite tech report}} | technical reports |
{{Cite thesis}} | theses |
{{Cite web}} | web sources not covered by the above |
See also | Specific-source templates Citation Style 1 wrapper templates |
This Citation Style 1 template is used to create citations for books. When citing an article in a periodical, use {{cite journal}} or {{cite magazine}}. For conference papers, use {{cite conference}}. For edited collections, use {{cite encyclopedia}}. For theses, use {{cite thesis}}.
Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as |isbn=
have upper-case aliases like |ISBN=
, which are acceptable for use). Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date. If the date is not current, then the page.
|
{{cite book
| last =
| first =
| author-link =
| date =
| title =
| url =
| location =
| publisher =
| page = <!-- or pages: -->
| isbn =
}}
|
|
Parameters | Prerequisites | Brief instructions / notes | Vertical list |
---|---|---|---|
last1 | Author's last name or single name author. Don't link. | {{cite book |last1 = |first1 = |author-link1 = |last2 = |first2 = |author-link2 = |last3 = |first3 = |author-link3 = |last4 = |first4 = |author-link4 = |last5 = |first5 = |author-link5 = |display-authors = |author-mask1 = |author-mask2 = |author-mask3 = |author-mask4 = |author-mask5 = |editor-last1 = |editor-first1 = |editor-link1 = |editor-last2 = |editor-first2 = |editor-link2 = |editor-last3 = |editor-first3 = |editor-link3 = |editor-last4 = |editor-first4 = |editor-link4 = |editor-last5 = |editor-first5 = |editor-link5 = |display-editors = |editor-mask1 = |editor-mask2 = |editor-mask3 = |editor-mask4 = |editor-mask5 = |translator-last1 = |translator-first1 = |translator-link1 = |translator-last2 = |translator-first2 = |translator-link2 = |translator-last3 = |translator-first3 = |translator-link3 = |translator-last4 = |translator-first4 = |translator-link4 = |translator-last5 = |translator-first5 = |translator-link5 = |display-translators = |translator-mask1 = |translator-mask2 = |translator-mask3 = |translator-mask4 = |translator-mask5 = |others = |name-list-style = |date = |year = |orig-date = |chapter = |script-chapter = |trans-chapter = |chapter-url = |chapter-url-access = |chapter-format = |title = |script-title = |trans-title = |title-link = |url = |url-status = |url-access = |format = |type = |series = |language = |volume = |edition = |publication-place = |location = |publisher = |publication-date = |page = |pages = |at = |no-pp = |arxiv = |asin = |asin-tld = |bibcode = |bibcode-access = |biorxiv = |citeseerx = |doi = |doi-access = |doi-broken-date = |eissn = |hdl = |hdl-access = |isbn = |ismn = |issn = |jfm = |jstor = |jstor-access = |lccn = |mr = |oclc = |ol = |ol-access = |osti = |osti-access = |pmc = |pmc-embargo-date = |pmid = |rfc = |sbn = |ssrn = |s2cid = |s2cid-access = |zbl = |id = |archive-url = |archive-date = |access-date = |via = |quote = |script-quote = |trans-quote = |quote-page = |quote-pages = |mode = |postscript = |ref = }} | |
first1 | last1 | Author's first name. Don't link. | |
author-link1 | last1 | Title of Wikipedia article about the first author. Don't link. | |
last2 | last1 | Like last1 , but for 2nd author.
| |
first2 | last2 | Like first1 , but for 2nd author.
| |
author-link2 | last2 | Like author-link1 , but for 2nd author.
| |
last3 | last2 | Like last1 , but for 3rd author.
| |
first3 | last3 | Like first1 , but for 3rd author.
| |
author-link3 | last3 | Like author-link1 , but for 3rd author.
| |
last4 | last3 | Like last1 , but for 4th author.
| |
first4 | last4 | Like first1 , but for 4th author.
| |
author-link4 | last4 | Like author-link1 , but for 4th author.
| |
last5 | last4 | Like last1 , but for 5th author. Similar: last6, etc.
| |
first5 | last5 | Like first1 , but for 5th author. Similar: first6, etc.
| |
author-link5 | last5 | Like author-link1 , but for 5th author. Similar: author-link6, etc.
| |
display-authors | last1 | Number (number of authors displayed) or etal (more authors)
| |
author-mask1 | last1 | See Display options below; not for lists of cited works | |
author-mask2 | last2 | ||
author-mask3 | last3 | ||
author-mask4 | last4 | ||
author-mask5 | last5 | ||
editor-last1 | may also use "editor-last" | ||
editor-first1 | editor-last1 | may also use "editor-first" | |
editor-link1 | editor-last1 | may also use "editor-link" | |
editor-mask1 | editor-last1 | ||
display-editors | |||
translator-last1 | Like last1 , but for translator
| ||
translator-first1 | translator-last1 | Like first1 , but for translator
| |
translator-link1 | translator-last1 | Like author-link1 , but for translator
| |
translator-last2 | translator-last1 | Like last1 , but for 2nd translator. Similar: translator-last3, etc.
| |
translator-first2 | translator-last2 | Like first1 , but for 2nd translator. Similar: translator-first3, etc.
| |
translator-link2 | translator-last2 | Like author-link1 , but for 2nd transl. Similar: translator-link3, ...
| |
display-translators | translator-last1 | Like display-authors , but for translators
| |
translator-mask1 | translator-last1 | See Display options below; not for lists of cited works | |
translator-mask2 | translator-last2 | ||
name-list-style | last2 | Set to amp or ampersand to separate the last author with " & "; set to and to separate with " and "
| |
others | |||
date | |||
year | |||
orig-date | date or year | ||
chapter | This should be the title of the chapter cited. Do not wikilink "chapter" if "chapter-url" is provided | ||
script-chapter | |||
trans-chapter | chapter or script-chapter | ||
chapter-url | chapter or script-chapter | ||
chapter-format | chapter-url | ||
title | |||
script-title | |||
trans-title | title or script-title | ||
title-link | title or script-title | Name of a Wikipedia article about the work. Do not use if "url" is provided | |
url | title or script-title | Do not use if "title-link" is provided | |
url-status | archive-url | ||
url-access | url | ||
format | url | ||
type | |||
series | |||
language | |||
volume | |||
edition | |||
publication-place | publisher | ||
location | publisher | can be used for written-at location when "publication-place" is used for publication place | |
publisher | |||
publication-date | |||
page | choose one: "page", "pages", or "at" | ||
pages | choose one: "page", "pages", or "at". Use when content on multiple pages supports the article text. | ||
at | choose one: "page", "pages", or "at" | ||
no-pp | page or pages | set no-pp to "yes" to suppress the "p." or "pp." before page numbers | |
arxiv | |||
asin | |||
asin-tld | asin | ||
bibcode | |||
biorxiv | |||
citeseerx | |||
doi | |||
doi-broken-date | doi | ||
eissn | |||
hdl | |||
isbn | always include ISBN, if one has been assigned | ||
issn | |||
ismn | |||
jfm | |||
jstor | |||
lccn | |||
mr | |||
oclc | |||
ol | |||
osti | |||
pmc | |||
pmc-embargo-date | pmc | ||
pmid | |||
rfc | |||
sbn | |||
ssrn | |||
s2cid | |||
zbl | |||
id | |||
archive-url | archive-date, url | ||
archive-date | archive-url | ||
access-date | url | ||
via | |||
quote | |||
script-quote | |||
trans-quote | |||
quote-page | choose one: "quote-page", "quote-pages" | ||
quote-pages | choose one: "quote-page", "quote-pages". Use when quote contains contents from multiple pages. | ||
mode | cs1 or cs2
| ||
postscript | |||
ref | |||
If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column, it is a prerequisite for the field to the left. |
Title
{{cite book |title=Mysterious Book}}
Title and year
{{cite book |title=Mysterious Book |date=1901}}
Basic usage (single author)
{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Joe |author-link=Joe Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs}}
Basic usage (two authors)
{{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |author-link1=Joe Bloggs |last2=Bloggs |first2=Fred |author-link2=Fred Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs}}
Basic usage with url (and access-date) and edition
{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Joe |author-link=Joe Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs |edition=1st |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/ |access-date=February 17, 2006}}
Citing a chapter in a book with different authors for different chapters and an editor
{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Fred |date=January 1, 2001 |editor-last=Doe |editor-first=John |title=Big Compilation Book with Many Chapters and Distinct Chapter Authors |publisher=Book Publishers |pages=100–110 |chapter=Chapter 2: The History of the Bloggs Family |isbn=}}
Citing a chapter in a book with two joint authors and an editor
{{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |last2=Egg |first2=Fred |date=January 1, 2001 |editor-last=Doe |editor-first=John |title=Big Book with Many Chapters and Two Co-authors |publisher=Book Publishers |orig-date=1st pub. 1986 |pages=100–110 |chapter=Chapter 6: Getting There |chapter-url=https://en.wikipedia.org/ |isbn= |name-list-style=amp}}
Three authors, title with a differently-named title link, edition
{{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |author-link1=Joe Bloggs |last2=Smith |first2=John |last3=Smythe |first3=Jim |title=1000 Acres |title-link=A Thousand Acres |edition=2nd}}
Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and lastauthoramp parameter (without volume and lastauthoramp)
{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G. M. S. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2007 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East. Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-65-3}}
Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and lastauthoramp parameter (with volume and lastauthoramp)
{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G. M. S. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2007 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East |volume=I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |name-list-style=amp}}
Date without day, wikilinked title, publisher, pages, edition, location
{{cite book |last1=Cordell |first1=Bruce R. |last2=Grubb |first2=Jeff |last3=Noonan |first3=David |date=September 2001 |title=Manual of the Planes |title-link=Manual of the Planes |edition=3rd |publisher=Wizards of the Coast |location=Renton, Washington |isbn=0-7869-1850-0 |pages=134–137}}
Other language
{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Jean |date=1974 |title=Livre de Bloggs |edition=1st |language=French |trans-title=Book of Bloggs |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/ |access-date=February 17, 2006}}
Using a DOI
{{cite book |last=Mumford |first=David |author-link=David Mumford |date=1999 |title=The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes: Includes the Michigan Lectures (1974) on Curves and Their Jacobians |edition=2nd |publisher=Springer-Verlag |doi=10.1007/b62130 |isbn=354063293X}}
Using author-mask parameter
{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G. M. S. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2004 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |name-list-style=amp}}
{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Flynn |first2=F. C. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2004 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume II: The Germans Come to the Help of Their Ally (1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-66-1 |name-list-style=amp |author-mask=2}}
{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Flynn |first2=F. C. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Gleave |first4=T. P. |date=2004 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=Sir James |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume III: British Fortunes Reach Their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-67-X |name-list-style=amp |author-mask=2}}
Using display-authors parameter
{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G. M. S. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2004 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |display-authors=1}}
Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:
This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata. As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:
|date=27 September 2007
not |date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)
Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example
, –
, or  
, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata.
Note: This table of metadata is displayed in the documentation of all Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive, some are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. A full list of this template's supported parameters, their aliases, and their dependencies is shown in the Usage section near the top of this documentation page.
|periodical=
, |journal=
, |newspaper=
, |magazine=
, |work=
, |website=
, |encyclopedia=
, |encyclopaedia=
, |dictionary=
|chapter=
, |script-chapter=
, |contribution=
, |script-contribution=
, |entry=
, |script-entry=
, |article=
, |script-article=
, |section=
, |script-section=
|title=
, |script-title=
, |book-title=
|publication-place=
, |place=
, |location=
|date=
, |year=
, |publication-date=
|series=
, |version=
|volume=
, |issue=
, |number=
|page=
, |pages=
, |at=
, |quote-page=
, |quote-pages=
|edition=
|publisher=
, |institution=
|url=
, |chapter-url=
, |contribution-url=
, |section-url=
|author-last=
, |author-last#=
, |author#-last=
, |author-surname=
, |author-surname#=
, |author#-surname=
, |last=
, |last#=
, |surname=
, |surname#=
, |author=
, |author#=
, |subject=
, |subject#=
, |host=
, |host#=
|author-first=
, |author-first#=
, |author#-first=
, |author-given=
, |author-given#=
, |author#-given=
, |first=
, |first#=
, |given=
, |given#=
|degree=
|arxiv=
, |bibcode=
, |biorxiv=
, |citeseerx=
, |doi=
, |eissn=
, |eprint=
, |hdl=
, |isbn=
, |issn=
, |jfm=
, |jstor=
, |lccn=
, |message-id=
, |mr=
, |oclc=
, |osti=
, |pmc=
, |pmid=
, |rfc=
, |ssrn=
, |s2cid=
, |zbl=
Parameter | Description | Date |
---|---|---|
N/A |
Deprecated parameter | Replace with | Date |
---|---|---|
|authors= |
|lastn= / |firstn= , |authorn= , |vauthors= |
November 2023 |
Removed parameter | Replace with | Date | Note |
---|---|---|---|
|lay-date=
|
(delete) | August 2023 | |
|lay-source=
|
(delete) | ||
|lay-url=
|
(delete) | ||
|transcripturl=
|
|transcript-url=
|
August 2023 |
|author=Bono
). Aliases: surname, author, last1, surname1, author1.
|first=
and |last=
. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one author. Supports accept-this-as-written markup. Do not use italics in this field, as doing so produces corrupt metadata.|first1=...
|last1=...
|author2=...
.amp
, ampersand
, or &
, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to and
, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to vanc
displays name lists in Vancouver style when the lists use the last
/first
forms of name parameters.|vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal
|vauthors=
as described above{{sfn}}
links to multiple works by the same author in the same year,[more] unless the date is formatted as YYYY-MM-DD. In the latter case, year or ref is required to disambiguate the link targets.c.
", like this: |date=c. 1900
.
|date=n.d.
created
or updated
date; a comment for editors such as date=2021-12-25<!--date from page source-->|orig-date=Original date 2011-01-01
can be added.|date=
, |publication-date=
, |access-date=
, |archive-date=
, etc.) except for |orig-date=
in the style specified by the article's {{use dmy dates}}
or {{use mdy dates}}
template. See those templates' documentation for details.|date=
parameter also handles a year by itself. Do not use in combination with the |date=
parameter, unless both of the following conditions are met:
CITEREF
disambiguator, usually a lowercase letter suffixed to the year.)|date=
format is YYYY-MM-DD. (This format prevents the addition of a disambiguating letter to the year.)|orig-date=First published 1859
or |orig-date=Composed 1904
. As |orig-date=
does not support automatic date formatting, use the same date format as defined by |df=
(or, if it exists in the article, by |cs1-dates=
of a {{use dmy dates}}
or {{use mdy dates}}
template), or as used in the |date=
parameter. Alias: orig-yeardmy
– set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified;mdy
– as above for month day, year formatymd
– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DDdmy-all
– set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format;mdy-all
– as above for month day, year formatymd-all
– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD
... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...
newline | [ | ] | | |
---|---|---|---|
space | [ | ] | {{!}} (preferred)
|
{{bracket|text}} | | or {{pipe}} – |
none
can be used to disable the display of a type. Examples: Thesis, Booklet, Accepted manuscript, CD liner, Press release. Alias: medium.... |chapter=Tōkyō tawā |script-chapter=ja:東京タワー |trans-chapter=Tokyo Tower ...
Afterword
, Foreword
, Introduction
, or Preface
will display unquoted; any other value will display in quotation marks. The author of the contribution is given in contributor.|language=ru
; |lang=fr, pt-br
; |lang=Russian
; |language=French, Portuguese
. See the list of supported codes and names. Do not use templates or wikilinks. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. When the only source language is English, no language is displayed in the citation. The use of languages recognized by the citation module adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of Category:CS1 foreign language sources. Because cs1|2 templates are often copied from en.wiki to other wikis, the use of language codes is preferred so that language names render in the correct language and form: espagnol at a French-language wiki instead of the English word "Spanish". Aliases: lang|edition=2nd
produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.|page=
or |pages=
, but not both. Displays preceded by p.
unless |no-pp=yes
. If hyphenated, use {{hyphen}} to indicate this is intentional (e.g. |page=3{{hyphen}}12
), otherwise several editors and semi-automated tools will assume this was a misuse of the parameter to indicate a page range and will convert |page=3-12
to |pages=3{{ndash}}12
. Alias: p.|page=
or |pages=
, but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded by pp.
unless |no-pp=yes
. |pages=
without processing it, and use {{hyphen}} to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended: |pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15))
. Alternatively, use |at=
, like this: |at=pp. 3-1–3-15
. Alias: pp.
p.
or pp.
notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where |page=Front cover
or |pages=passim
.|page=
or |pages=
. Use only one of |page=
, |pages=
, or |at=
.|quote-page=
and |quote-pages=
used in conjunction with |quote=
, see here.#ixzz2rBr3aO94
or ?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=...
. Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as Amazon; use |isbn=
or |oclc=
to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message.
{{use dmy dates}}
and {{use mdy dates}}
. Can be hidden or styled by registered editors. Alias: accessdate.|url-status=live
) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias: archiveurl.
{{use dmy dates}}
and {{use mdy dates}}
. Alias: archivedate.|url=
or |archive-url=
to link |title=
; requires url and archive-url. Use {{dead link}}
to mark dead |url=
when there is no |archive-url=
.
dead
– (default condition when |url-status=
omitted or empty) selects |archive-url=
live
– selects |url=
; used when |url=
is preemptively archived with |archive-url=
deviated
– selects |archive-url=
; used when |url=
is still 'live' but no-longer supports the text in a Wikipedia articleunfit
– selects |archive-url=
; used when |url=
links to vice (gambling, pornography), advertising, or other unsuitable page; links to |url=
are suppressed in the rendering. If an entire domain is unsuitable, consider instead usurpation or blacklist. Bot help is available at WP:URLREQusurped
– selects |archive-url=
; used when the domain in |url=
no longer serves its original intent, particularly when the domain has been (mis)appropriated by other entities, such as vice, reseller and advertising sites; links to |url=
are suppressed in the rendering. Bot help is available at WP:URLREQbot: unknown
– Editors may encounter this value which is left behind by a bot that has visited the reference and wasn't able to determine the status of the url. The page will be automatically placed in Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown when this value is present, and per the instructions in that category, editors manually evaluate the state of the URL and change the parameter value appropriately.URLs must begin with a supported URI scheme. http://
and https://
will be supported by all browsers; however, ftp://
, gopher://
, irc://
, ircs://
, mailto:
and news:
may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. IPv6 host-names are currently not supported.
If URLs in citation template parameters contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be percent-encoded. For example, a space must be replaced by %20
. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:
Character | space | " | ' | < | > | [ | ] | { | | | } |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Encoding | %20 | %22 | %27 | %3C | %3E | %5B | %5D | %7B | %7C | %7D |
Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.
|ref=ID
generates an anchor with the given ID
(the id=
attribute in the citation's <cite id="ID">
HTML tag). Setting |ref=ID
identifies the template as a target and allows wikilinking to full references, especially useful with short-form citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The default anchor ID is suitable for use with {{sfn}} and {{harv}} templates. Since April 2020, the parameter / keyword pair |ref=harv
has no special meaning; this deprecated setting should not be used and may be removed from existing cs1|2 templates. To inhibit anchor ID creation, set |ref=none
. Aliases: none. |id=NCJ 122967
will append "NCJ 122967" at the end of the citation. You can use templates such as |id={{NCJ|122967}}
to append NCJ 122967 instead.The following identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. |rfc=822
or |pmc=345678
.
|arxiv=hep-th/9205027
(before April 2007) or |arxiv=0706.0001
(April 2007 – December 2014) or |arxiv=1501.00001
(since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html". Aliases: eprint.|asin=B00005N5PF
. Aliases: ASIN.
ae
, au
, br
, ca
, cn
, de
, es
, fr
, in
, it
, jp
, mx
, nl
, pl
, sa
, se
, sg
, tr
, uk
. Aliases: none.1974AJ.....79..819H
. Aliases: none.10.1101/078733
for http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733 or https://doi.org/10.1101/078733; 10.1101/2020.07.24.220400
for https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.220400). Aliases: none.10.1.1.176.341
for http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341). Aliases: none.10.1038/news070508-7
. It is checked to ensure it begins with (10.
). Aliases: DOI.
|eissn=1557-2986
. Aliases: EISSN.
|hdl=20.1000/100
. Aliases: HDL.978-0-8126-9593-9
. Hyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, use sbn. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Aliases: ISBN.
|isbn={{Format ISBN|9780812695939}}
– if you are unsure of how any particular ISBN should be hyphenated, as the pattern varies by country and publisher.979-0-9016791-7-7
. Hyphens or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Aliases: ISMN.|issn=2049-3630
. Aliases: ISSN.
|jfm=53.0144.01
. Aliases: JFM.|jstor=3793107
. Aliases: JSTOR.|lccn=79-57364
or |lccn=2004042477
or |lccn=e09001178
. Aliases: LCCN.|mr=630583
. Aliases: MR.|oclc=9355469
. Aliases: OCLC.|ol=7030731M
. Aliases: OL.|osti=4367507
. Aliases: OSTI.|pmc=345678
. Do not include "PMC" in the value. . Aliases: PMC.
|pmid=17322060
Aliases: PMID.|rfc=3143
. Aliases: RFC.|sbn=356-02201-3
. Aliases: SBN.
|ssrn=1900856
. Aliases: SSRN.|s2cid=37220927
. Aliases: S2CID.|zbl=0472.53010
For zbMATH search results like JFM 35.0387.02
use |jfm=35.0387.02
. Aliases: ZBL.In very rare cases, valid identifiers (f.e., as actually printed on publications) do not follow their defined standard format or use non-conforming checksums, which would typically cause an error message to be shown. Do not alter them to match a different checksum. In order to suppress the error message, some identifiers (|doi=
, |eissn=
, |isbn=
, |issn=
, and |sbn=
) support a special accept-this-as-written markup which can be applied to disable the error-checking (as |<param>=((<value>))
). If the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the identifier value instead of overriding the error message.
For some identifiers, it is possible to specify the access status using the corresponding |<param>-access=
parameter.
For {{cite journal}}, some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when |url=
and |title-link=
are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for |title-link=
to manually select a specific source (|title-link=pmc
or |title-link=doi
) for auto-linking or to disable the feature (|title-link=none
).
It is not necessary to specify a URL to a link identical to a link also produced by an identifier. The |url=
parameter (or |title-link=
) can then be used for providing a direct deep link to the corresponding document or a convenience link to a resource that would not otherwise be obviously accessible.
... |quote=Tōkyō tawā |script-quote=ja:東京タワー |trans-quote=Tokyo Tower ...
|quote=
. Use either |quote-page=
or |quote-pages=
, but not both. Should be a subset of the page(s) specified in |page=
, |pages=
or |at=
. Displays preceded by p.
unless |no-pp=yes
. If hyphenated, use {{hyphen}} to indicate this is intentional (e.g. |quote-page=3{{hyphen}}12
). Alias: none.|quote=
. Use either |quote-page=
or |quote-pages=
, but not both. Should be a subset of the pages specified in |pages=
or |at=
. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,). Displays preceded by pp.
unless |no-pp=yes
is defined. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use double parentheses to tell the template to display the value of |quote-pages=
without processing it, and use {{hyphen}} to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended: |quote-pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15))
. Alias: none.|editor-first1=...
|editor-last1=...
|editor2=...
.amp
, ampersand
, or &
, inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set to and
, inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set to vanc
displays name lists in Vancouver style when the lists use the last
/first
forms of name parameters.|veditors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal
|veditors=
, as described above|mode=cs1
, element separator and terminal punctuation is a period (.
); where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved...'). For |mode=cs2
, element separator is a comma (,
); terminal punctuation is omitted; where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved...'). These styles correspond to Citation Style 1 and Citation Style 2 respectively. To override default terminal punctuation use postscript.{{reflist}}
, <references />
or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. Mask parameters can take an enumerator in the name of the parameter (e.g. |authorn-mask=
) to apply the mask to a specific name.|display-authors=2
will display only the first two authors in a citation (and not affect the display of the other kinds of contributors). |display-authors=0
is a special case suppressing the display of all authors including the et al. |display-authors=etal
displays all authors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: none..
); for no terminating punctuation, specify |postscript=none
– leaving |postscript=
empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Additional text, or templates that render more than a single terminating punctuation character, will generate a maintenance message. |postscript=
is ignored if quote is defined.Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in Verifiability § Access to sources. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors should signal restrictions on access to material provided via the external links included in a citation. These levels describe requirements or constraints related to accessing and viewing the cited material; they are not intended to indicate the ability to reuse, or the copyright status, of the material, since that status is not relevant to verifying claims in articles.
Four access levels can be used:
free
: the source is free to read for anyoneregistration
: a free registration with the provider is required to access the source, even if a limited preview, abstract or review may still be available without registrationlimited
: free access is subject to limited trial and a subscription is normally requiredsubscription
: the source is only accessible via a paid subscription with the provider of the source ("paywall")As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, each value is attributed to a specific external link.
Online sources linked by |url=
, |article-url=
, |chapter-url=
, |contribution-url=
, |entry-url=
, |map-url=
, and |section-url=
are presumed to be free-to-read. When they are not free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these URL-holding parameters are presumed to be free-to-read, they are not marked as free
. If the registration/limited/subscription access to the source goes dead and is no longer available, then remove the access-indicator parameter and add |archive-url=
and |archive-date=
values if possible.
URL | Access | Allowed keywords |
---|---|---|
|url=
|
|url-access= |
registration limited subscription
|
|article-url=
|
|article-url-access=
| |
|chapter-url=
|
|chapter-url-access=
| |
|contribution-url=
|
|contribution-url-access=
| |
|entry-url=
|
|entry-url-access=
| |
|map-url=
|
|map-url-access=
| |
|section-url=
|
|section-url-access=
|
For example, this cites a web page that requires registration but not subscription:
{{cite web |url=https://example.com/nifty_data.php |url-access=registration |date=2021-04-15 |title=Nifty example data}}
which renders as:
Links inserted by named identifiers are presumed to lie behind a paywall or registration barrier – exceptions listed below. When they are free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. When the sources linked by these named-identifier parameters are not presumed to carry a free-to-read full text (for instance because they're just abstracting services), they may not be marked as limited
, registration
, or subscription
.
Identifier | Access | Allowed keywords |
---|---|---|
|bibcode=
|
|bibcode-access= |
free
|
|doi=
|
|doi-access=
| |
|hdl=
|
|hdl-access=
| |
|jstor=
|
|jstor-access=
| |
|ol=
|
|ol-access=
| |
|osti=
|
|osti-access=
| |
|ssrn=
|
|ssrn-access=
| |
|s2cid=
|
|s2cid-access=
|
Some named-identifiers are always free-to-read. For those named identifiers there are no access-indicator parameters; the access level is automatically indicated by the template. These named identifiers are:
|arxiv=
|biorxiv=
|citeseerx=
|medrxiv=
|pmc=
|rfc=
For embargoed pmc that will become available in the future, see pmc-embargo-date.
See Template:Cite book/TemplateData.
This template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.
TemplateData
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools. See a monthly parameter usage report for Template:Cite book in articles based on its TemplateData.
TemplateData for Cite book
Template:Cite book uses standard parameter set; TemplateData has errors:
|authors= is not a valid parameter
This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.Template parameters[Edit template data] This template has custom formatting. Parameter | Description | Type | Status | Last name | last last1 author author1 author1-last author-last surname1 author-last1 subject1 surname author-last subject The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link' instead; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors String | suggested | First name | first given author-first first1 given1 author-first1 author1-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link' instead; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors String | suggested | Author link | author-link author-link1 author1-link subject-link subject-link1 subject1-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors Page name | optional | URL | url URL The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the protocol relative scheme "//..."
URL | optional | Title | title The title of the book; displays in italics String | required | Title link | title-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named in title – do not use a web address; do not wikilink. Page name | optional | Vancouver style author list | vauthors If using Vancouver style, comma separated list of author names; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses
String | optional | Last name 2 | last2 author2 surname2 author-last2 author2-last subject2 The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2' instead; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors String | optional | First name 2 | first2 given2 author-first2 author2-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2' instead; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors String | optional | Author link 2 | author-link2 author2-link subject-link2 subject2-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors Page name | optional | Last name 3 | last3 author3 surname3 author-last3 author3-last subject3 The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link3' instead. String | optional | First name 3 | first3 given3 author-first3 author3-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink. String | optional | Author link 3 | author-link3 author3-link subject-link3 subject3-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author. Page name | optional | Last name 4 | last4 author4 surname4 author-last4 author4-last subject4 The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link4' instead. String | optional | First name 4 | first4 given4 author-first4 author4-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink. String | optional | Author link 4 | author-link4 author4-link subject-link4 subject4-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author. Page name | optional | Last name 5 | last5 author5 surname5 author-last5 author5-last subject5 The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link5' instead. String | optional | First name 5 | first5 given5 author-first5 author5-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink. String | optional | Author link 5 | author-link5 author5-link subject-link5 subject5-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author. Page name | optional | Last name 6 | last6 author6 surname6 author-last6 author6-last subject6 The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link6' instead. String | optional | First name 6 | first6 given6 author-first6 author6-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink. String | optional | Author link 6 | author-link6 author6-link subject-link6 subject6-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author. Page name | optional | Last name 7 | last7 author7 surname7 author-last7 author7-last subject7 The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link7' instead. String | optional | First name 7 | first7 given7 author-first7 author7-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink. String | optional | Author link 7 | author-link7 author7-link subject-link7 subject7-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author. Page name | optional | Last name 8 | last8 author8 surname8 author-last8 author8-last subject8 The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link8' instead. String | optional | First name 8 | first8 given8 author-first8 author8-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink. String | optional | Author link 8 | author-link8 author8-link subject-link8 subject8-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author. Page name | optional | Last name 9 | last9 author9 surname9 author-last9 author9-last subject9 The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9' instead. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author. String | optional | First name 9 | first9 given9 author-first9 author9-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink. String | optional | Author link 9 | author-link9 author9-link subject-link9 subject9-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author. Page name | optional | Collaboration | collaboration Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires author, last, or vauthors which list one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends 'et al.' to author name-list. String | optional | Date | date Full date of the source; do not wikilink Date | suggested | Work | work journal website newspaper magazine Name of the work in which the cited book text is found String | optional | Publisher | publisher institution Name of the publisher; displays after title
String | suggested | Others | others Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith' String | optional | Year of publication | year Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known String | suggested | ISBN | isbn ISBN International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible String | suggested | Editor last name | editor-last editor editor-surname editor-last1 editor-surname1 editor1 editor1-last editor1-surname The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors String | optional | Editor first name | editor-first editor-given editor-first1 editor-given1 editor1-first editor1-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors String | optional | Link for editor | editor-link editor-link1 editor1-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor Page name | optional | Editor mask | editor-mask editor1-mask editor-mask1 Replaces the name of the first editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Vancouver style editor list | veditors Comma separated list of editor names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional names in doubled parentheses
String | optional | Edition | edition When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed by ' ed.'
Line | suggested | Series identifier | series version Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal String | optional | Volume | volume For one publication published in several volumes String | optional | Location of publication | location place Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place String | suggested | Place of publication | publication-place Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at' String | optional | Publication date | publication-date Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink Date | suggested | Page | page p The number of a single page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'; use either page= or pages=, but not both String | optional | Page(s) cited | pages pp A range of pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source); displays after 'pp.'; use either page= or pages=, but not both
String | suggested | At | at May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient String | optional | Language | language The language in which the source is written. Do not use the full language name; use ISO 639-1. Do not use icons or templates String | suggested | Translator last name | translator-last translator translator-last1 translator1 translator1-last The surname of the translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional translators. String | optional | Translator first name | translator-first translator1-first translator-first1 Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional translators. String | optional | Script title | script-title For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:... String | optional | Translated title | trans-title An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended String | suggested | Chapter | chapter contribution entry article section The chapter heading of the source; may be wikilinked or with 'chapter-url' but not both. For the contribution alias, see contributor-last String | optional | Script Chapter | script-chapter Chapter heading for languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc); follows transliteration defined in chapter. Should be prefixed with an ISO 639-1 two-character code to help browsers properly display the script
String | optional | Translated chapter | trans-chapter An English language chapter heading, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended String | optional | Type | type medium Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case String | optional | Format | format Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML String | optional | ASIN | asin ASIN Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters String | optional | ASIN TLD | asin-tld ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US String | optional | Bibcode | bibcode Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters String | optional | biorXiv | biorxiv biorXiv identifier; 6 digits Line | optional | CiteSeerX | citeseerx CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter Line | optional | DOI | doi DOI Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.' String | optional | EISSN | eissn EISSN International Standard Serial Number for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space.
String | optional | Handle System identifier | hdl HDL Handle System identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet String | optional | ISMN | ismn ISMN International Standard Music Number; Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. Hyphens or spaces in the ISMN are optional.
String | optional | ISSN | issn ISSN International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen String | optional | jfm code | jfm Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code String | optional | JSTOR | jstor JSTOR JSTOR identifier String | optional | LCCN | lccn LCCN Library of Congress Control Number String | optional | MR | mr MR Mathematical Reviews identifier String | optional | OCLC | oclc OCLC Online Computer Library Center number String | optional | OL | ol OL Open Library identifier; do not include "OL" at beginning of identifier String | optional | OSTI | osti OSTI Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier String | optional | PMC | pmc PubMed Center article number String | optional | PMID | pmid PMID PubMed Unique Identifier String | optional | RFC | rfc Request for Comments number String | optional | SSRN | ssrn Social Science Research Network String | optional | Zbl | zbl Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier String | optional | id | id ID A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable String | optional | Quote | quote quotation Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; needs to include terminating punctuation String | optional | Ref | ref An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv and sfn templates String | optional | Mode | mode Sets separator and terminal punctuation to the style named in the assigned value; allowable values are: 'cs1' or 'cs2'
String | optional | Postscript | postscript The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined; to suppress use reserved keyword 'none'
String | optional | Author mask | author-mask author1-mask author-mask1 Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Author mask 2 | author-mask2 author2-mask Replaces the name of the second author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Author mask 3 | author-mask3 author3-mask Replaces the name of the third author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Author mask 4 | author-mask4 author4-mask Replaces the name of the fourth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Author mask 5 | author-mask5 author5-mask Replaces the name of the fifth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Author mask 6 | author-mask6 author6-mask Replaces the name of the sixth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Author mask 7 | author-mask7 author7-mask Replaces the name of the seventh author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Author mask 8 | author-mask8 author8-mask Replaces the name of the eighth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Author mask 9 | author-mask9 author9-mask Replaces the name of the ninth author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Display authors | display-authors number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used Number | optional | URL access date | access-date The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink Date | optional | Original date | orig-date Original date of publication; provide specifics String | optional | Last name of second editor | editor-last2 editor-surname2 editor2 editor2-last editor2-surname The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link' String | optional | First name of second editor | editor-first2 editor-given2 editor2-first editor2-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link' String | optional | Link for second editor | editor-link2 editor2-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor Page name | optional | Mask for second editor | editor-mask2 editor2-mask Replaces the name of the second editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Last name of third editor | editor-last3 editor-surname3 editor3 editor3-last editor3-surname The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link' String | optional | First name of third editor | editor-first3 editor-given3 editor3-first editor3-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link' String | optional | Link for third editor | editor-link3 editor3-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor Page name | optional | Mask for third editor | editor-mask3 editor3-mask Replaces the name of the third editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Last name of fourth editor | editor-last4 editor-surname4 editor4 editor4-last editor4-surname The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link' String | optional | First name of fourth editor | editor-first4 editor-given4 editor4-first editor4-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link' String | optional | Link for fourth editor | editor-link4 editor4-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor Page name | optional | Mask for fourth editor | editor-mask4 editor4-mask Replaces the name of the fourth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Last name of fifth editor | editor-last5 editor-surname5 editor5 editor5-last editor5-surname The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link' String | optional | First name of fifth editor | editor-first5 editor-given5 editor5-first editor5-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link' String | optional | Link for fifth editor | editor-link5 editor5-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth editor Page name | optional | Mask for fifth editor | editor-mask5 editor5-mask Replaces the name of the fifth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Last name of sixth editor | editor-last6 editor-surname6 editor6 editor6-last editor6-surname The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link' String | optional | First name of sixth editor | editor-first6 editor-given6 editor6-first editor6-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link' String | optional | Link for sixth editor | editor-link6 editor6-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth editor Page name | optional | Mask for sixth editor | editor-mask6 editor6-mask Replaces the name of the sixth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Last name of seventh editor | editor-last7 editor-surname7 editor7 editor7-last editor7-surname The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link' String | optional | First name of seventh editor | editor-first7 editor-given7 editor7-first editor7-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link' String | optional | Link for seventh editor | editor-link7 editor7-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh editor Page name | optional | Mask for seventh editor | editor-mask7 editor7-mask Replaces the name of the seventh editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Last name of eighth editor | editor-last8 editor-surname8 editor8 editor8-last editor8-surname The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link' String | optional | First name of eighth editor | editor-first8 editor-given8 editor8-first editor8-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link' String | optional | Link for eighth editor | editor-link8 editor8-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth editor Page name | optional | Mask for eighth editor | editor-mask8 editor8-mask Replaces the name of the eighth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Last name of ninth editor | editor-last9 editor-surname9 editor9 editor9-last editor9-surname The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link' String | optional | First name of ninth editor | editor-first9 editor-given9 editor9-first editor9-given Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link' String | optional | Link for ninth editor | editor-link9 editor9-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth editor Page name | optional | Mask for ninth editor | editor-mask9 editor9-mask Replaces the name of the ninth editor with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing editor separator; for example, 'with' instead String | optional | Display Editors | display-editors Controls the number of editor names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of editors, set display-editors to the desired number. For example, |display-editors=2 will display only the first two editors in a citation. By default, all editors are displayed. |display-editors=etal displays all editors in the list followed by et al. String | optional | Translator last name 2 | translator-last2 translator2 translator2-last The surname of the second translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator first name 2 | translator-first2 translator2-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator last name 3 | translator-last3 translator3 translator3-last The surname of the third translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator first name 3 | translator-first3 translator3-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator last name 4 | translator-last4 translator4 translator4-last The surname of the fourth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator first name 4 | translator-first4 translator4-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator last name 5 | translator-last5 translator5 translator5-last The surname of the fifth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator first name 5 | translator-first5 translator5-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator last name 6 | translator-last6 translator6 translator6-last The surname of the sixth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator first name 6 | translator-first6 translator6-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator last name 7 | translator-last7 translator7 translator7-last The surname of the seventh translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator first name 7 | translator-first7 translator7-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator last name 8 | translator-last8 translator8 translator8-last The surname of the eighth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator first name 8 | translator-first8 translator8-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator last name 9 | translator-last9 translator9 translator9-last The surname of the ninth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator first name 9 | translator-first9 translator9-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth translator; don't wikilink, use 'translator-link'. String | optional | Translator link | translator-link translator-link1 translator1-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the translator; can suffix with a numeral to add additional translators. Page name | optional | Translator link 2 | translator-link2 translator2-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second translator. Page name | optional | Translator link 3 | translator-link3 translator3-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third translator. Page name | optional | Translator link 4 | translator-link4 translator4-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth translator. Page name | optional | Translator link 5 | translator-link5 translator5-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth translator. Page name | optional | Translator link 6 | translator-link6 translator6-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth translator. Page name | optional | Translator link 7 | translator-link7 translator7-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh translator. Page name | optional | Translator link 8 | translator-link8 translator8-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth translator. Page name | optional | Translator link 9 | translator-link9 translator9-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth translator. Page name | optional | Chapter URL | chapter-url contribution-url section-url The URL of the online location where the text of the chapter can be found URL | optional | Format of Chapter URL | chapter-format contribution-format section-format Format of the work referred to by chapter-url; displayed in parentheses after chapter. HTML is implied and should not be specified.
String | optional | DOI broken date | doi-broken-date The date that the DOI was determined to be broken Date | optional | URL access level | url-access Classification of the access restrictions on the URL ('registration', 'subscription' or 'limited')
String | optional | Archive URL | archive-url The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archivedate' URL | optional | Archive Format | archive-format Format of the Archive String | optional | Archive date | archive-date Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink String | optional | URL status | url-status If set to 'live', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live. Set to "dead" or 'usurped' for broken links. Entering 'unfit' or 'usurped' makes the original link not appear at all.
String | optional | Name list style | name-list-style Set to 'amp' or 'and' to change the separator between the last two names of the name list to ' & ' or ' and ', respectively. Set to 'vanc' to display name lists in Vancouver style.
String | optional | via | via Aggregate or database provider, when different from the Publisher. Typically used for Ebooks.
String | optional | Bibcode access level | bibcode-access If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'.
String | optional | DOI access level | doi-access If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'.
String | optional | HDL access level | hdl-access If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'.
String | optional | Jstor access level | jstor-access If the full text is free to read on Jstor, type 'free'.
String | optional | OpenLibrary access level | ol-access If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'.
String | optional | OSTI access level | osti-access If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'.
String | optional | Issue | issue number Issue number. This parameter is not supported by and should generally not be used with cite book. Consider that a different cite template may be more appropriate, such as cite magazine or cite journal. See Help:Citation_Style_1#Pages.
String | optional | Authors list | authors List of authors as a free form list. This parameter is deprecated, use "lastn" or "firstn" (preferred) or "authorn" or "vauthors". Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used. String | deprecated | Agency | agency Unusual in cite book. Use if an agency is needed in addition to publisher, etc. String | optional | Department | department Unusual in cite book. Unknown | optional | Date format | df Sets rendered dates to the specified format String | optional | |