• Monarch – Christian VII^[1]
• Prime minister – Christian Günther von Bernstorff

Undated edit

• Import of slaves to the Danish West Indies is abolished.
• The Port of Odense is established.
• Bertel Thorvaldsen completes his statue of Jason with the Golden Fleece, his first major success.

January–March edit

• 4 January – Robert Cleaver Chapman, pastor, teacher and evangelist, the apostle of Love (died 1902)
• 12 January – Christian Pløyen, jurist and government official (died 1867)
• 8 March – Ferdinand Thielemann, architect (died 1863)
• 19 March – Christine Løvmand, artist specializing in painting flowers and still lifes (d. 1872)

April–June edit

• 20 April – Christian Hansen, architect (d. 1883)
• 23 April – Heinrich Gustav Ferdinand Holm, artist and engraver (d. 1861)
• 2 May – Albert Küchler, painter active in Italy (d. 1886)
• 17 May – Martinus Rørbye, painter (d. 1848)

July–September edit

• 19 August – Aage Dons, author (died 1993)
• 4 September – Anna Nielsen, mezzo-soprano (died 1856)^[2]

October–December edit

• 5 October - Friedrich Bernhard Westphal, painter (d. 1844)
• 4 December – Knut Jungbohn Clement, linguist (died 1873)
• 31 December
  • Alfred Hage, merchant and landowner (died 1872)
  • Emilie da Fonseca, actress and opera singer (died 1884)^[3]

• 18 January – Frederik Christian Kaas, naval officer (born 1725)
• 6 February – Peder Rosenstand-Goiske, lawyer and playwright (born 1752)
• 4 June – Peter Ascanius, natural scientist (born 1723)
• 7 April – Antoine de Bosc de la Calmette, county governor (born 1752)
• 11 June – Henrik Brockenhuus, landowner (born 1720)