Colonial elections were held in South Australia from 9 March to 3 April 1860.^[1] All 36 seats in the South Australian House of Assembly were up for election.

1860 South Australian colonial election

← 1857 9 March−3 April September 1860 1862 →
All seats in the South Australian House of Assembly

In the three years after the 1857 election, there were four different governments. Three came and went in the first year of responsible government. The Finniss government was replaced by John Baker (the first leader of a government from the Legislative Council), then by Robert Richard Torrens. Richard Hanson formed the fourth government in a period of only seven months. Hanson’s government took the Assembly into the 1860 election. There was also instability in the membership. There were 14 by-elections held during the life of the parliament.

Since the inaugural 1857 election, no parties or solid groupings had been formed, which resulted in frequent changes of premier. If for any reason the incumbent premier lost sufficient support through a successful motion of no confidence on the floor of the house, he would tender his resignation to the Governor of South Australia, which would result in another member, deemed to have the support of the House of Assembly, being sworn in by the governor as the next premier.

Informal groupings began to form, and increasing government stability occurred from the 1887 election. The United Labor Party was formed in 1891, while the National Defence League was formed later in the same year.