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1883 in literature 
Summary
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1883.
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Events edit
- January 13 – Henrik Ibsen's play An Enemy of the People (En folkefiende, 1882) gains its first performance at the Christiania Theatre.[1]
- February – Carlo Collodi's children's story The Adventures of Pinocchio appears first in Italy complete in book form as Le avventure di Pinocchio.
- May 23 – Robert Louis Stevenson's children's pirate adventure novel Treasure Island first appears in book form from Cassell in London.
- June – Footlights, the University of Cambridge drama club in England, gives its first performance.
- June 4 – Mihai Eminescu reads his nationalist poem Doina to an enthusiastic crowd at Junimea in Iași.[2] It is sometimes described as his last work before a mental breakdown later this year. Eminescu's host Ion Creangă recalls it being composed on the spot,[3] but some researchers date it back to 1870.[4]
- June 30–October 20 – Robert Louis Stevenson's novel The Black Arrow: A Tale of Tunstall Forest is serialized in the British magazine Young Folks as by "Captain George North". Stevenson completes writing it at the end of the summer in France.
- July – The first issue of Fiamuri Arbërit, an Albanian literary and political magazine, is published from Cosenza. Managed by Girolamo de Rada, it promotes Ottomanism against Philhellenism.[5]
- August – Ivan Turgenev dictates his last story, "An end", to Pauline Viardot (who writes it in French) on his deathbed at Bougival in France.[6]
- August 29 – Dunfermline Carnegie Library, the first Carnegie library, opens in Andrew Carnegie's home town, Dunfermline, Scotland.
- October 3–9 – Turgenev's body is returned by train from Paris to Saint Petersburg with crowds turning out to honor him.[6]
- December 27–28 – The Modern Language Association of America holds its first meeting.
- Uncertain dates
- Mark Twain's memoirs Life on the Mississippi are published simultaneously in Boston (Massachusetts) and London, as the first major book submitted to a publisher in typescript.[7]
- Kisari Mohan Ganguli begins publication of the first English-language translation of the Mahabharata.
- The Deutsches Theater company is formed in Berlin.[8]
New books edit
Fiction edit
- Emilia Pardo Bazán – La tribuna
- Mary Elizabeth Braddon – Phantom Fortune
- Rhoda Broughton – Belinda
- Hugh Conway – Called Back
- Wilkie Collins – Heart and Science
- Anne Elliot – Dr. Edith Romney
- Ludwig Ganghofer – The Hunter of Fall
- Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam – Contes cruels
- John Hay – The Bread-Winners (anonymous serialization in The Century Magazine)
- Alexander Kielland – Poison (Gift)
- Jonas Lie – Familien paa Gilje (The Gilje family)
- John Macnie (as Ismar Thiusen) – The Diothas; or, A Far Look Ahead
- Mary E. Mann – The Parish of Hilby
- Guy de Maupassant – Une Vie
- George A. Moore – A Modern Lover
- Friedrich Nietzsche – Thus Spoke Zarathustra (Also sprach Zarathustra, publication begins)
- Sir Thomas Wemyss Reid – Gladys Fane
- Charlotte Riddell – A Struggle for Fame
- Annie S. Swan – Aldersyde
- Giovanni Verga – Novelle rusticane (Rustic short stories, about Sicily)
- Jules Verne – Kéraban the Inflexible (Kéraban-le-têtu)
Children and young people edit
- Carlo Collodi – The Adventures of Pinocchio (Le avventure di Pinocchio)
- George MacDonald – The Princess and Curdie
- Howard Pyle – The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood
- Robert Louis Stevenson – Treasure Island (book publication)
Drama edit
- Frances Hodgson Burnett and William Gillette – Esmeralda
- François Coppée – Severo Torelli
- Imre Madách – The Tragedy of Man (Az ember tragédiája, first performed)
- Edward Rose – Vice Versa
- George Robert Sims – In the Ranks
- August Strindberg – Lycko-Pers resa (Lucky Peter's Travels or Lucky Pehr)
- Oscar Wilde – Vera; or, The Nihilists (first performed)
- William Young – The Rajah; or Wyncot's Ward
Poetry edit
Non-fiction edit
- Mathilde Blind – George Eliot
- Hall Caine – Cobwebs of Criticism
- Thomas Hill Green (died 1882) – Prolegomena to Ethics
- J.-K. Huysmans – L'Art moderne
- Agnes Catherine Maitland (as A. C. M., Examiner...) – The Rudiments of Cookery: a Manual for Use in Schools and Homes
- William Robinson – The English Flower Garden
- J. R. Seeley – The Expansion of England
- Alfred Percy Sinnett – Esoteric Buddhism
- John Addington Symonds – A Problem in Greek Ethics: an inquiry into the phenomenon of sexual inversion, addressed especially to medical psychologists and jurists
- Mark Twain – Life on the Mississippi
Births edit
- January 1 – Alberto Gerchunoff, Argentine writer (died 1949)
- January 6 – Kahlil Gibran, Lebanese-born poet and novelist writing in Arabic and English (died 1931)
- January 10 – Aleksei Tolstoy, Russian writer (died 1945)[9]
- January 20 – Forrest Wilson, American journalist and author (died 1942)
- January 21 – Olav Aukrust, Norwegian poet and teacher (died 1929)
- February 8 – Joseph Schumpeter, Austrian/American political economist (died 1950)
- February 15 – Sax Rohmer (Arthur Henry Ward), English novelist (died 1959)
- February 16 – Elizabeth Craig, British writer (died [1980)
- February 20 – Naoya Shiga, Japanese novelist (died 1971)
- March 2 (February 18 O.S.) – Nikos Kazantzakis, Greek novelist (died 1957)
- March 9 – Umberto Saba, Italian poet and novelist (died 1957)
- March 17 – Urmuz, Romanian short prose writer (died 1923)
- March 27 (March 15 O.S.) – Marie Under, Estonian poet (died 1980)
- April 18 – Aleksanteri Aava, Finnish poet (died 1956)
- April 27 – Hubert Harrison, African-American writer, critic, and activist (died 1927)[10]
- April 30 – Jaroslav Hašek, Czech novelist (died 1923)[11]
- June 3 – Franz Kafka, Czech novelist writing in German (died 1924)
- June 4 – Joseph Jefferson Farjeon, English crime writer (died 1955)
- July 29 – Porfirio Barba-Jacob, Colombian writer (died 1942)
- September 14 – Rose Combe, French writer and railway worker (died 1932)[12]
- September 22 – Ferenc Oslay, Hungarian-Slovene historian, writer and irredenta (died 1932)
- October 18 – Helena Boguszewska, Polish writer, columnist and a social activist (died 1978)
- December 13 – Belle da Costa Greene, American librarian (died 1950)[13]
- December 23 – Yoshishige Abe, Japanese philosopher and politician (died 1966)
- December 30 – Marie Gevers, Belgian novelist writing in French (died 1975)
- unknown date – May Edginton, English popular novelist (died 1957)[14]
Deaths edit
- January 21 – Anna Eliza Bray, English novelist and travel writer (born 1790)
- March 14 – Karl Marx, German philosopher (born 1818)
- April 24 – Jules Sandeau, French novelist (born 1811)
- May 15 – Mary Elizabeth Mohl ("Clarkey"), English-born literary salonnière (born 1793)
- May 23 – Cyprian Norwid, Polish poet, dramatist and artist (born 1821)
- June 20 – Gustave Aimard, French novelist (born 1818)
- June 11 – Caroline Leigh Gascoigne, English poet, novelist, short story writer (born 1813)
- July 16 – Edward Backhouse Eastwick, Anglo-Indian orientalist and translator (born 1814)
- August 31 – Levin Schücking, German novelist (born 1814)
- September 2 – Léon Halévy, French historian and dramatist (born 1802)
- September 3 – Ivan Turgenev, Russian novelist (born 1818)
- September 10 – Hendrik Conscience, Flemish novelist (born 1812)
- September 25 – George Ayliffe Poole, English writer and cleric (born 1809)[15]
- November 26 – Sojourner Truth, African American abolitionist, women's rights activist, and author (born 1797)[16]
- December 13 – Victor de Laprade, French poet and critic (born 1812)[17]
- unknown date – Mary S. B. Shindler, American poet (born 1810)
References edit
- ^ Hanssen, Jens-Morten (2001-08-10). "Facts about An Enemy of the People". Ibsen.net. Retrieved 2013-02-08.
- ^ Irimia, Dumitru (1984). "1883 – anul Eminescu". Anuar de Lingvistică și Istorie Literară. XXIX: 1.
- ^ Gorovei, Arthur (1930). Alte vremuri. Amintiri literare. Fălticeni: J. Bendit. pp. 62–63.
- ^ Ornea, Z. (2000). "Un doctrinar legionar de azi". România Literară (in Romanian) (37). Archived from the original on 2016-08-26.
- ^ Clayer, Nathalie (2007). Aux origines du nationalisme albanais. La naissance d'une nation majoritairement musulmane en Europe. Paris: Karthala. pp. 293–294. ISBN 978-2-84586-816-8.
- ^ a b Figes, Orlando (2019). The Europeans: three lives and the making of a cosmopolitan culture. [London]: Allen Lane. pp. 462–7. ISBN 978-0-241-00489-0.
- ^ Rehr, Darryl. "The First Typewriter". Archived from the original on 2009-02-01. Retrieved 2013-11-03.
- ^ Martin Banham; James R. Brandon (21 September 1995). The Cambridge Guide to Theatre. Cambridge University Press. p. 585. ISBN 978-0-521-43437-9.
- ^ Stanley Hochman (1984). McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama: An International Reference Work in 5 Volumes. McGraw-Hill. p. 31.
- ^ Moore, Richard B., "Hubert Henry Harrison (1883-1927)", in Rayford W. Logan and Michael R. Winston (eds), Dictionary of American Negro Biography (New York: W. W. Norton, 1982), 292–93.
- ^ Patrick, Julian (2009). 501 great writers : A comprehensive guide to the giants of literature. Apple. p. 287. ISBN 9781845433109.
- ^ Vialatte, Alexandre; Pourrat, Henri; Hadjadj, Dany; Coyault, Sylviane (2001). Correspondance Alexandre Vialatte - Henri Pourrat: 1916-1959 5, De Paris à Héliopolis: mars 1935 - juillet 1939 (in French). Clermont-Ferrand: Presses Universitaires Blaise-Pascal. p. 58. ISBN 978-2-84516-381-2.
- ^ "Belle da Costa Greene | American librarian and bibliographer". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
- ^ Lorna Sage; Germaine Greer; Elaine Showalter (30 September 1999). The Cambridge Guide to Women's Writing in English. Cambridge University Press. p. 214. ISBN 978-0-521-66813-2.
- ^ John McClintock (1889). Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature. Harper & brothers. p. 780.
- ^ Frances E. Ruffin (15 December 2001). Sojourner Truth: Early Abolitionist. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. p. 21. ISBN 978-0-8239-5826-9.
- ^ Charles Dudley Warner (1 July 2008). A Library of the World's Best Literature - Ancient and Modern - Vol.XLIII (Forty-Five Volumes); Dictionary of Authors (K-Z). Cosimo, Inc. p. 327. ISBN 978-1-60520-251-8.