Summary
The 1922 Women's Olympiad (Jeux Athlétiques Internationaux Féminins and Jeux Olympiques Féminins) was the second[1] international women's sports event, a 7-day multi-sport event organised by Alice Milliat and held on 15[2][3]– April 23[4][5][6][7] 1922[8][9] in Monte Carlo[10] at the International Sporting Club of Monaco. The tournament was formally called "Deuxiéme Meeting International d'Éducation Physique Féminine". It was also the second of three Women's Olympiads or "Monte Carlo Games"[11] held annually at the venue in Monaco,[12][13] and the second[14] forerunner of the quadrennial Women's World Games, organised in 1922–34 by the International Women's Sports Federation founded by Milliat in late 1921.
| Host city | Monte Carlo |
|---|---|
| Country |  Monaco |
| Dates | 15–23 April 1922 |
Events edit
The games were organized[7] as the previous 1921 Women's Olympiad by Fédération des Sociétés Féminines Sportives de France (FSFSF)[10] under Alice Milliat[8] and Camille Blanc,[2] director[13] of the "International Sporting Club de Monaco" as a response to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) decision not to include women's events in the 1924 Olympic Games.
The games were attended by 300[6][7][9] participants[8][14][1] from 7 nations:[13][2] Belgium, Czechoslovakia, France, Italy, Norway (mentioned by several sources, however no Norwegian athletes appear in the result lists[4][3]), Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The tournament was a huge promotion for women's sports.
| Team | Nation | Participants |
|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Belgium
|
? |
| 2 |  Czechoslovakia
|
? |
| 3 |  France
|
? |
| 4 |  Italy
|
? |
| 5 |  Norway
|
? |
| 6 |  Switzerland
|
? |
| 7 |  United Kingdom
|
? |
The athletes competed[4][3][5] in 11[9] events:[12] running (60 metres, 250 metres, 800 metres, 4 x 75 metres relay, 4 x 175 metres relay and hurdling 65 metres), high jump, long jump, javelin, shot put and Athletics pentathlon. The tournament also held exhibition events[2] in basketball, cycling, gymnastics and rhythmic gymnastics.
The pentathlon event was the first[15] recorded Women's pentathlon, the 5 events were 60 metres, 300 metres, high jump, javelin, and shot put (the throwing events were two-hand[15]). Regular women's pentathlon was introduced at the 1934 Women's World Games in London
During the games there were also events held in water sports[4][3] (among the first for women outside the Olympic Games) with swimming events,[12] where teams from the Netherlands and Sweden also participated. Events were[13][2] swimming 100 metres, 200 metres and 400 metres, relays and water polo.
The tournament was held partly at the "Stade Nautique du Port" at the Monaco harbour[12] and partly at the "Tir aux Pigeons"[14][13] in the gardens Les jardins du Casino of the Monte Carlo Casino.[8][11][1]
Results edit
Athletics edit
Almost all gold medals[9][4] went to athletes[13][3] from France and the United Kingdom, medalists[14][6] for each event:[13][2][5]
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 60-metre | Nora Callebout United Kingdom |
8,2 sec | Mary Lines United Kingdom |
? | Bozena Srámková Czechoslovakia |
? |
| 250-metre | Mary Lines United Kingdom |
39,0 sec | Nelly Hicks United Kingdom |
Alice Beuns France |
||
| 800-metre | Suzanne Porte France |
2.37,6 | Marcelle Neveu France |
Madeleine Dupont France |
||
| 4 x 75 m relay | Team FFFGS France FranceAlice Gonnet Lucie Prost Paulette de Croze Alice Beuns |
51,8 sec | Team England United Kingdom United KingdomMary Lines Ivy Lowman Daisy Wright Nora Callebout |
Team FSFSF France FranceGermaine Delapierre Cécile Maugars Yvonne de Wynne Andrée Patureau |
||
| 4 x 175 m relay | Team England United Kingdom United KingdomNora Callebout Ivy Lowman Mary Lines Hornovsky |
Team FFFGS France FranceGeneviève Laloz Alice Gonnet Paulette de Croze Alice Beuns |
Team FSFSF France FranceCécile Maugars Germaine Darreau Thérèse Brulé Thérèse Renaut |
|||
| Hurdles | Daisy Wright United Kingdom |
11,4 sec | Hilda Hatt United Kingdom |
Alice Beuns France |
||
| High jump | Madeleine Bracquemond France shared Gold |
1,37 m | Hilda Hatt United Kingdom shared Gold |
1,37 m | shared Frédérique Kussel France Alice De Pauw Belgium Ivy Lowman United Kingdom |
1,35 m |
| Long jump | Mary Lines United Kingdom |
4,66 m | Elise van Truyen Belgium |
4,52 m | Marie Jirásková Czechoslovakia |
4,47 m |
| Javelin, two-handed[nb] | Francesca Pianzola Switzerland |
39,77 m | Florence Birchenough United Kingdom |
38,71 m | Britte France |
35,85 m |
| Shot put, two-handed[nb] 3,628 kg | Violette Morris France |
17,77 m | Miloslava Havlickova Czechoslovakia |
14,95 m | Florence Hurren United Kingdom |
14,81 m |
| Pentathlon | Ivy Lowman United Kingdom |
Hilda Hatt United Kingdom |
Geneviève Laloz France |
|||
- nb Each athlete in the shot put and javelin throw events threw using their right hand, then their left. Their final mark was the total of the best mark with their right-handed throw and the best mark with their left-handed throw.
Daisy Wright and Hilda Hatt also competed in hurdles, previous winner in hurdles Germaine Delapierre participated in the high jump event.
The basketboll tournament was won by Team Haguenau after a win in the final against Team England with 9–8.
Aquatics edit
The swimming events were held April 20–23, participants from Belgium, Denmark, France, Italy, Netherlands, Sweden and United Kingdom competed in 10[4][3] events. During the competitions[13][2] Sweden secured 4 victories, the Netherlands 3 victories, France won 2 events and United Kingdom won 1 event.
The water polo tournament was won by Team Netherlands after a win in the final against Team England with 6–0.
Legacy edit
A special commemorative medal was issued for the participants.[16]
Later in 1922 the first Women's World Games were held in Paris, the 1923 Women's Olympiad were held at the same Monaco venue.[11][10]
References edit
- ^ a b c Ghislaine Quintillan: Alice Milliat and the Women’s Games, Olympic Review 2000, page 27 (LA84 Foundation), Retrieved January 4, 2017
- ^ a b c d e f g Bernett, Hajo: Die ersten olympischen Wettbewerbe im internationalen Frauensport (in German) Sozial- und Zeitgeschichte des Sports, Heft 2/1988, page 66-86 (ISSN 0931-7031), Retrieved January 4, 2017
- ^ a b c d e f "Les Jeux Athlétiques Féminins de Monte Carlo" (in French). L'Éclaireur de Nice, April 14, 1922, page 1 (also15-23 April). Archived from the original on February 27, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f "Les Jeux Athlétiques Féminins de Monte Carlo" (in French). Le Petit Niçois, April 15, 1922, page 2 (also April 16–23). Archived from the original on February 27, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
- ^ a b c "Jeux Mondiaux Féminins" (PDF) (in French). Commission Documentation et Histoire, cdm.athle.com, chapter 7, page 3-6. Retrieved February 25, 2017.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b c Chronique de l'athlétisme féminin Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine (in French) NordNet.fr, Retrieved January 4, 2017
- ^ a b c Generell News IAAF Athletics, November 23, 2008, Retrieved January 4, 2017
- ^ a b c d Circul`Info N°109 (in French) page 3, Mission Locale (Paroles de jeunes), Retrieved January 4, 2017
- ^ a b c d Alice Milliat Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine (in French) NordNet.fr, Retrieved January 4, 2017
- ^ a b c Gertrud Pfister: Frauen und Olympische Spiele Archived February 2, 2017, at the Wayback Machine (in German) 2000, Deutsche Olympische Sportbund (DOSB), Retrieved January 4, 2017
- ^ a b c Women in Athletics – from 1900 – 1950 Archived February 1, 2017, at the Wayback Machine Literature of Track and Field Athletics (ATHLOS), Retrieved January 4, 2017
- ^ a b c d The Women's Olympic Games Comité Olympique Monégasque, Retrieved January 4, 2017
- ^ a b c d e f g h Échos & Nouvelles (in French) Journal de Monaco April 25, 1922, page 1, Retrieved January 4, 2017
- ^ a b c d Sylvain Charlet: Rétrospective de l'athlétisme féminin (in French) page 2, Association des Entraineurs d'Ile de France d'athlétisme (AEIFA), Retrieved January 4, 2017
- ^ a b Matthews, Peter (2012). "Pentathlon". Historical Dictionary of Track and Field. Scarecrow Press. pp. 164–5. ISBN 9780810867819. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
- ^ Medailles Sports L'Association Numismatique de Monaco, Retrieved January 4, 2017
External links edit
- pictures (Bibliothèque nationale de France – BnF)
- pictures (Getty Images)
- pictures (Gouvernement Princier, Principauté de Monaco)
- pictures (Monaco Channel)
- film (British Pathé)
- film (YouTube)
- Participation medal