1926_in_paleontology Knowpia

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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.^[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1926.

Algae edit

Bacillariophyceae edit

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Cymbella partita^[2]	sp nov		Mann	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A cymbellaceous diatom	Cymbella partita
Cymbella sagittarius^[2]	sp nov		Mann	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A cymbellaceous diatom	Cymbella sagittarius
Navicula contendens^[2]	sp nov		Mann	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A naviculaceous diatom	Navicula contendens
Navicula iridescens^[2]	sp nov	jr synonym	Mann	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A naviculaceous diatom Moved to Neidium iridescens (1975)	Neidium iridescens
Navicula pauper^[2]	sp nov		Mann	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A naviculaceous diatom	Navicula pauper
Navicula pontifica^[2]	sp nov		Mann	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A naviculaceous diatom	Navicula pontifica
Navicula protrudens^[2]	sp nov		Mann	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A naviculaceous diatom	Navicula protrudens
Navicula pseudoaffinis^[2]	sp nov		Mann	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A naviculaceous diatom	Navicula pseudoaffinis
Navicula reversa^[2]	sp nov		Mann	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A naviculaceous diatom	Navicula reversa
Navicula substauroneis^[2]	sp nov		Mann	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A naviculaceous diatom	Navicula substauroneis
Stauroneis (Navicula) acutissima^[2]	sp nov		Mann	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A stauroneidaceous diatom	Stauroneis acutissima

Plants edit

Mosses edit

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Archaeomnium^[3]	Gen et sp nov	jr synonym	Britton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A moss of uncertain affiliation Synonymized with Hypnites (1980) The type species is A. patens	Hypnites patens
Polytrichites^[3]	Gen et sp nov	valid?	Britton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A possible polytrichaceous moss The type species is P. spokanensis	Polytrichites spokanensis

Lycopods edit

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Lycopodium hesperium^[3]	Sp nov	Nomen dubium?	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	A possible lycopod clubmoss Treated as a plant of uncertain affinity by Chaney & Axelrod 1959^[4]	Lycopodium hesperium

Conifers edit

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Libocedrus praedecurrens^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Potlatch Florule	USA Idaho	A sandarac species Moved to Fokienia praedecurrens (1959)^[4] Moved to Fokieniopsis praedecurrens (1997).^[5] Moved to Tetraclinis salicornioides var. praedecurrens (2000)^[6]	Tetraclinis salicornioides var. praedecurrens
Tumion bonseri^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A plum-yew species Moved to Torreya bonseri (1952) Moved to Cephalotaxus bonseri (1959)^[4]	Cephalotaxus bonseri

Angiosperms edit

Monocots edit

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Arisaema hesperia^[3]	Sp nov	valid?	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	A possible araceous monocot Sometimes had been treated as a jr synonym of Liquidambar pachyphyllum^[7]	Arisaema hesperia
Canna? dawsoni^[8]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Berry	Eocene	Burrard Formation	Canada British Columbia	A possible cannaceous leaf species synonymized with Cannophyllites magnifolia in 1949^[7]

Basal eudicots edit

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Trochodendroides^[8]	Gen et comb nov		Berry			Greenland	A Trochodenraceous leaf morphogenus. The type species is Populus arctica (1868)

Superasterids - basal edit

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Diospyros andersonae^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Idaho	A persimmon leaf species Synonymized into Diospyros oregoniana (1959)^[4]	Diospyros oregoniana
Diospyros dawsoni^[8]	Sp nov		Berry	Eocene Ypresian	Okanagan Highlands Chu Chua Formation	Canada British Columbia	A persimmon leaf species
Diospyros? microcalyx^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Idaho	First named as a persimmon calyx species Moved to Porana microcalyx (1929)^[9]	Porana microcalyx
Vaccinium salicoides^[3]	Sp nov	valid?	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	First named as a huckleberry leaf species Synonymized into Vaccinium americanum (1929)^[9] Resurrected as a species of uncertain affinity (1959)^[4]	Vaccinium salicoides

Superrosids - Fabids edit

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Alnus cremastogynoides^[8]	Sp nov		Berry	Eocene Ypresian	Chu Chua Formation	Canada British Columbia	An alder leaf species
Alnus crispoides^[8]	Sp nov		Berry	Eocene Ypresian	Chu Chua Formation	Canada British Columbia	An alder leaf species
Betula bryani^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a birch leaf species Synonymized into Alnus fairi (1937)^[10]	Alnus fairi
Betula fairii^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a birch leaf species Moved to Alnus fairi (1966)^[11]	Alnus fairi
Betula? largei^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a birch leaf species Synonymized into Alnus fairi (1937)^[10] Resurrected and moved to Alnus largei (1966)^[11]	Alnus largei
Betula nanoides^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	First named as a birch leaf species Synonymized into Alnus fairi (1934)^[12]	Alnus fairi
Betula parvifolia^[8]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Berry	Eocene Ypresian	Chu Chua Formation	Canada British Columbia	First named as a birch leaf species Moved to Alnus parvifolia (1987)^[13]	Alnus parvifolia
Betula thor^[3]	Sp nov	valid	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a birch leaf species Synonymized into Betula heteromorpha (1937)^[10] Resurrected as Betula thor (1959)^[4]	Betula thor
Celastrophyllum pugetensis^[8]	Sp nov		Berry	Eocene	Burrard Formation	Canada British Columbia	A possible celastraceous leaf species
Celastrus fernquisti^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	First named as a Celastrus leaf species Synonymized into Alnus fairi (1937)^[10]	Alnus fairi
Cercis? spokanensis^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a redbud fruit species Moved to Caesalpinia spokanensis (1991)^[14]	Caesalpinia spokanensis
Comptonia predryandroides^[8]	Sp nov		Berry	Eocene Ypresian	Chu Chua Formation	Canada British Columbia	A myricaceous leaf species
Ficus? johnstoni^[8]	Sp nov		Berry	Eocene	Burrard Formation	Canada British Columbia	A possible moraceous leaf species
Ficus? washingtonensis^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	First named as an fig leaf species Synonymized into Cercis spokanensis (1937)^[10] Synonymized into Exbucklandia oregonesis (1946)^[15]	Exbucklandia oregonensis
Hicoria dawsoni^[8]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Berry	Eocene Ypresian	Chu Chua Formation	Canada British Columbia	A punitive hickory leaf species Moved to Carya dawsoni in 1952^[7]
Hicoria stanleyanum^[8]	comb nov	jr synonym	(Dawson) Berry	Eocene	Burrard Formation	Canada British Columbia	A punitive hickory leaf species Moved from Dryophyllum stanleyanum (1895)^[8] Moved to Carya stanleyanum in 1952^[7]
Juglans nigelloides^[8]	Sp nov		Berry	Eocene	Burrard Formation	Canada British Columbia	A juglandaceous leaf species
Leguminosites johnstoni^[8]	Sp nov		Berry	Eocene Ypresian	Burrard Formation	Canada British Columbia	A legume leaf morphospecies.
Meibomites lucens^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	First named as a Meibomites leaf species Synonymized into Cercis spokanensis (1937)^[10] Synonymized into Exbucklandia oregonesis (1946)^[15]
Myrica uglowi^[8]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Berry	Eocene Ypresian	Chu Chua Formation	Canada British Columbia	A myricaceous leaf species synonymized with Bohlenia insignis in 1987.^[13]
Populus acuminatafolia^[8]	Sp nov		Berry	Eocene Ypresian	Chu Chua Formation	Canada British Columbia	A cottonwood leaf species
Populus fairii^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a cottonwood leaf species Synonymized with Zizyphoides auriculata (1991)^[16]	Zizyphoides auriculata
Populus heteromorpha^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a cottonwood leaf species Synonymized with Zizyphoides auriculata (1991)^[16]	Zizyphoides auriculata
Populus washingtonensis^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	First named as a cottonwood leaf species Moved to Vitus washingtonensis (1937)^[10]	Vitis washingtonensis
Prunus rustii^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	First named as a cherry leaf species Synonymized into Alnus corallina (1937)^[10] Synonymized into Alnus hollandiana (1959)^[4]	Alnus hollandiana
Quercus chaneyi^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	An oak leaf species Synonymized with Quercus simulata (1929)^[9]	Quercus simulata
Quercus cognatus^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	An oak leaf species Synonymized with Quercus payettensis (1937)^[10]	Quercus payettensis
Quercus obtusa^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	An oak leaf species Synonymized with Quercus payettensis (1937)^[10]	Quercus payettensis
Quercus praenigra^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	An oak leaf species Synonymized with Quercus payettensis (1937)^[10]	Quercus payettensis
Quercus rustii^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	An oak leaf species Synonymized with Quercus payettensis (1937)^[10]	Quercus payettensis
Quercus spokanensis^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	First named as an oak leaf species Synonymized with Castanea orientalis (1929)^[9] Resurrected as Castanea spokanensis (1959)^[4]	Castanea spokanensis
Quercus uglowi^[8]	Sp nov		Berry	Eocene Ypresian	Chu Chua Formation	Canada British Columbia	A oak leaf species
Rhamnus kitsilaniana^[8]	Sp nov		Berry	Eocene	Burrard Formation	Canada British Columbia	A buckthorn leaf morphospecies.
Salix bryani^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A willow leaf species Synonymized into Salix florissanti (1934)^[12] Synonymized into Salix hesperia (1959)^[4]	Salix hesperia
Salix inquirenda^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A willow leaf species Synonymized into Salix hesperia (1944)^[17]	Salix hesperia
Salix remotidens^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A willow leaf species Synonymized into Salix hesperia (1944)^[17]	Salix hesperia
Sophora alexanderi^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	A Sophora leaf species Synonymized into Sophora spokanensis (1937)^[10]	Sophora spokanensis
Sophora spokanensis^[3]	Sp nov		Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A Sophora leaf species	Sophora spokanensis
Sorbus decorifolia^[8]	Sp nov		Berry	Eocene Ypresian	Chu Chua Formation	Canada British Columbia	A punitive mountain ash leaf species
Ulmus columbianus^[8]	sp nov	jr homonym	Berry	Eocene Ypresian	Chu Chua Formation	Canada British Columbia	An elm leaf species Name preoccupied by Ulmus columbianus Penhallow (1907) Moved to Ulmus chuchuanus in 1952.^[7]	Ulmus chuchuanus
Ulmus fernquisti^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as an elm leaf species Synonymized into Zelkova oregoniana (1937)^[10] Moved to Zelkova browni (1977)^[18]	Zelkova browni

Superrosids - Malvids edit

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Acer chaneyi^[8]^[19]	Sp nov	Valid	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A maple species	Acer chaneyi
Malva? hesperia^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a possible mallow fruit species Synonymized with Nordenskioldia interglacialis (1991)^[16]	Nordenskioldia interglacialis

Angiosperms - other edit

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Carpites boraginoides^[3]	Sp nov	valid?	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	A fruit or seed of uncertain affinity Suggested to possibly be boraginaceous or malvaceous	Carpites boraginoides
Carpites ginkgoides^[3]	Sp nov	valid?	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	A fruit or seed of uncertain affinity Strongly similar to modern Ginkgo biloba fruits.	Carpites ginkgoides
Carpites magnifica^[3]	Sp nov	valid?	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	A fruit or seed of uncertain affinity Moved to Nyssa magnifica (1929)^[9]	Nyssa magnifica
Carpites menthoides^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a fruit of uncertain affinity Synonymized into Nordenskioldia interglacialis (1991)^[16]	Nordenskioldia interglacialis
Carpites paulownia^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Coeur d'Alene Florule	USA Idaho	A fruit or seed of uncertain affinity Synonymized into Gordonia hesperia (1937)^[10] Synonymized into Gordonia idahoensis (1959)^[4]	Gordonia idahoensis
Carpites polygonoides^[3]	Sp nov	valid?	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	A fruit or seed of uncertain affinity Reminiscent of Rumex fruits	Carpites polygonoides
Carpites spokanensis^[3]	Sp nov	valid?	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	Seed or other reproductive organs of uncertain affinity Brown (1937) suggested as bud scales^[10]	Carpites spokanensis
Phyllites amplexicaulis^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a fruit of uncertain affinity Synonymized with Nordenskioldia interglacialis (1991)^[16]	Nordenskioldia interglacialis
Phyllites crustacea^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a leaf of uncertain affinity Synonymized into Zelkova oregoniana (1937)^[10] Synonymized into Quercus simulata (1959)	Quercus simulata
Phyllites pardeei^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a leaf of uncertain affinity Moved to Philadelphus pardeei (1937)^[10]	Philadelphus pardeei
Phyllites peculiaris^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a leaf of uncertain affinity Synonymized into Philadelphus pardeei (1937)^[10]	Philadelphus pardeei
Phyllites relatus^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a leaf of uncertain affinity Moved to Alnus relatus (1937)^[10]	Alnus relatus
Phyllites sophoroides^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Knowlton	Miocene Langhian	Latah Formation Spokane Florule	USA Washington	First named as a leaf of uncertain affinity Moved to Vaccinium sophoroides (1937)^[10]	Vaccinium sophoroides

Conodonts edit

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Ancyrodella^[20]		Valid	Ulrich & Bassler

Amphibians edit

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Crassigyrinus	Gen et comb nov	jr synonym	Watson				A new genus for Macromerium scoticum	Crassigyrinus

Newly named basal diapsids edit

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Coelurosauravus^[21]		Valid	Piveteau			Madagascar	A weigeltisaurid gliding Reptile	Coelurosauravus

Dinosaurs edit

Newly named dinosaurs edit

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.^[22]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Proceratosaurus^[23]	Gen et comb nov.	Valid	von Huene	Middle Jurassic Bathonian	Forest Marble Formation	England	A proceratosaurid tyrannosauroid The type species is Megalosaurus bradleyi.	Proceratosaurus
Rhoetosaurus^[24]	Gen. et sp nov.	Valid	Longman	Middle Jurassic Oxfordian	Walloon Coal Measures	Australia Queensland	A basal gravisaurian sauropod. The type species is R. brownei.	Rhoetosaurus brownei scale

Synapsids edit

Non-mammalian edit

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Chiwetasaurus		Junior synonym	Haughton	Late Permian Lopingian	Beaufort Group Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone	South Africa	A junior synonym of Gorgonops.
Dixeya		Junior synonym	Haughton	Late Permian	Teekloof Formation Tropidostoma Assemblage Zone	South Africa	A junior synonym of Aelurognathus.

References edit

^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Mann, A. (1926). "The fossil diatom deposit at Spokane. In: Flora of the Latah Formation of Spokane, Washington, and Coeur d'Alene, Idaho". Shorter contributions to general geology, 1925 (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 140. United States Geological Survey. pp. 51–55, plates XXX-XXXI. doi:10.3133/pp140A.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av Knowlton, F.H. (1926). "Flora of the Latah Formation of Spokane, Washington, and Coeur d'Alene, Idaho". Shorter contributions to general geology, 1925 (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 140. United States Geological Survey. pp. 17–55, plates VIII-XXXI. doi:10.3133/pp140A.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Chaney, R.; Axelrod, D. (1959). Miocene Floras of the Columbia Plateau: Part II. Systematic Considerations, by Ralph W. Chaney and Daniel I. Axelrod. Carnegie Institution of Washington. pp. 1–226.Miocene Floras of the Columbia Plateau at the HathiTrust Digital Library
^ Meyer, H. W.; Manchester, S. R. (1997). The Oligocene Bridge Creek flora of the John Day Formation, Oregon (Report). University of California Press. p. 99. ISBN 0520098161. Retrieved 2021-03-28.
^ Kvaček, Z.; Manchester, S.; Schorn, H. (2000). "Cones, seeds, and foliage of Tetraclinis salicornioides (Cupressaceae) from the Oligocene and Miocene of western North America: a geographic extension of the European Tertiary species". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 161 (2): 331–344. doi:10.1086/314245. PMID 10777457.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e LaMotte, R.S. (1952). Catalogue of the Cenozoic plants of North America through 1950. Geological Society of America Memoirs. Vol. 51. Geological Society of America. doi:10.1130/MEM51.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u Berry, E. (1926). Tertiary floras from British Columbia (PDF) (Report). Geological series; Contributions to Canadian Paleontology. Ottawa, Canada: Geological Survey of Canada. pp. 91–116. doi:10.4095/293661.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Berry, E. W. (1929). "A revision of the flora of the Latah Formation". Shorter contributions to general geology, 1928 (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. United States Geological Survey. pp. 225–265. doi:10.3133/pp154h. 154-H.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u Brown, R. W. (1937). Additions to some fossil floras of the Western United States (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 186. United States Geological Survey. pp. 163–206. doi:10.3133/pp186J.
^ ^a ^b Wolfe, J.A. (1966). Tertiary plants from the Cook Inlet region, Alaska (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 398B. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–32. doi:10.3133/pp398B.
^ ^a ^b Berry, E. W. (1934). Miocene plants from Idaho (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 185. United States Geological Survey. pp. 97–125. doi:10.3133/pp185E.
^ ^a ^b Wolfe, J.A.; Wehr, W.C. (1987). Middle Eocene dicotyledonous plants from Republic, northeastern Washington (Report). Bulletin. Vol. 1597. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–25. doi:10.3133/b1597.
^ Herendeen, P. S.; Dilcher, D. L. (1991). "Caesalpinia subgenus Mezoneuron (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) from the Tertiary of North America". American Journal of Botany. 78 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1991.tb12566.x. JSTOR 2445223.
^ ^a ^b Brown, R.W. (1946). "Alterations in some fossil and living floras". Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. 36 (10): 344–355.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Manchester, S. R.; Crane, P. R.; Dilcher, D. L. (1991). "Nordenskioldia and Trochodendron fruits (Trochodendraceae) from the Miocene of northwestern North America". Botanical Gazette. 152: 357–368. doi:10.1086/337898. S2CID 84230472.
^ ^a ^b Condit, C. (1944). "The Remington Hill flora". Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication. 553 (2): 21–55.
^ Tanai, T.; Wolfe, J.A. (1977). Revisions of Ulmus and Zelkova in the middle and late Tertiary of western North America (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 1026. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–14. doi:10.3133/pp1026.
^ Wolfe, J.A.; Tanai, T. (1987). "Systematics, Phylogeny, and Distribution of Acer (maples) in the Cenozoic of Western North America". Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. Series 4, Geology and Mineralogy. 22 (1): 1–246.
^ A classification of the toothlike fossils, conodonts, with descriptions of American Devonian and Mississippian species. EO Ulrich and RS Bassler, 1926
^ Piveteau, J. 1926. Contribution to the Study of the Lagoonal Formations of Northwest Madagascar. Bull. Soc. Géol. Fr. (4), XXVI: p. 3.
^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
^ Huene, F. (1926a). "On several known and unknown reptiles of the order Saurischia from England and France". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 17 (9): 473–489. doi:10.1080/00222932608633437.
^ Longman, H.A. (1926). "A giant dinosaur from Durham Downs, Queensland". Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 8: 183–194.

[1] Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.

[Mann1926-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Mann, A. (1926). "The fossil diatom deposit at Spokane. In: Flora of the Latah Formation of Spokane, Washington, and Coeur d'Alene, Idaho". Shorter contributions to general geology, 1925 (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 140. United States Geological Survey. pp. 51–55, plates XXX-XXXI. doi:10.3133/pp140A.

[Knowlton1926-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av Knowlton, F.H. (1926). "Flora of the Latah Formation of Spokane, Washington, and Coeur d'Alene, Idaho". Shorter contributions to general geology, 1925 (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 140. United States Geological Survey. pp. 17–55, plates VIII-XXXI. doi:10.3133/pp140A.

[Columbia1959-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Chaney, R.; Axelrod, D. (1959). Miocene Floras of the Columbia Plateau: Part II. Systematic Considerations, by Ralph W. Chaney and Daniel I. Axelrod. Carnegie Institution of Washington. pp. 1–226.Miocene Floras of the Columbia Plateau at the HathiTrust Digital Library

[Meyers1997-5] Meyer, H. W.; Manchester, S. R. (1997). The Oligocene Bridge Creek flora of the John Day Formation, Oregon (Report). University of California Press. p. 99. ISBN 0520098161. Retrieved 2021-03-28.

[Kvaček2000-6] Kvaček, Z.; Manchester, S.; Schorn, H. (2000). "Cones, seeds, and foliage of Tetraclinis salicornioides (Cupressaceae) from the Oligocene and Miocene of western North America: a geographic extension of the European Tertiary species". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 161 (2): 331–344. doi:10.1086/314245. PMID 10777457.

[LaMotte52-7] LaMotte, R.S. (1952). Catalogue of the Cenozoic plants of North America through 1950. Geological Society of America Memoirs. Vol. 51. Geological Society of America. doi:10.1130/MEM51.

[Berryfloras1926-8] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u Berry, E. (1926). Tertiary floras from British Columbia (PDF) (Report). Geological series; Contributions to Canadian Paleontology. Ottawa, Canada: Geological Survey of Canada. pp. 91–116. doi:10.4095/293661.

[Berry1929-9] Berry, E. W. (1929). "A revision of the flora of the Latah Formation". Shorter contributions to general geology, 1928 (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. United States Geological Survey. pp. 225–265. doi:10.3133/pp154h. 154-H.

[Brown1937-10] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u Brown, R. W. (1937). Additions to some fossil floras of the Western United States (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 186. United States Geological Survey. pp. 163–206. doi:10.3133/pp186J.

[Wolfe1966-11] Wolfe, J.A. (1966). Tertiary plants from the Cook Inlet region, Alaska (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 398B. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–32. doi:10.3133/pp398B.

[Berry1934-12] Berry, E. W. (1934). Miocene plants from Idaho (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 185. United States Geological Survey. pp. 97–125. doi:10.3133/pp185E.

[WandW87-13] Wolfe, J.A.; Wehr, W.C. (1987). Middle Eocene dicotyledonous plants from Republic, northeastern Washington (Report). Bulletin. Vol. 1597. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–25. doi:10.3133/b1597.

[Herendeen1991-14] Herendeen, P. S.; Dilcher, D. L. (1991). "Caesalpinia subgenus Mezoneuron (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) from the Tertiary of North America". American Journal of Botany. 78 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1991.tb12566.x. JSTOR 2445223.

[Brown1946-15] Brown, R.W. (1946). "Alterations in some fossil and living floras". Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. 36 (10): 344–355.

[Manchester1991-16] Manchester, S. R.; Crane, P. R.; Dilcher, D. L. (1991). "Nordenskioldia and Trochodendron fruits (Trochodendraceae) from the Miocene of northwestern North America". Botanical Gazette. 152: 357–368. doi:10.1086/337898. S2CID 84230472.

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[Wolfe1987-19] Wolfe, J.A.; Tanai, T. (1987). "Systematics, Phylogeny, and Distribution of Acer (maples) in the Cenozoic of Western North America". Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. Series 4, Geology and Mineralogy. 22 (1): 1–246.

[20] A classification of the toothlike fossils, conodonts, with descriptions of American Devonian and Mississippian species. EO Ulrich and RS Bassler, 1926

[21] Piveteau, J. 1926. Contribution to the Study of the Lagoonal Formations of Northwest Madagascar. Bull. Soc. Géol. Fr. (4), XXVI: p. 3.

[ddinogeorge-22] Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.

[huene-23] Huene, F. (1926a). "On several known and unknown reptiles of the order Saurischia from England and France". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 17 (9): 473–489. doi:10.1080/00222932608633437.

[longman-24] Longman, H.A. (1926). "A giant dinosaur from Durham Downs, Queensland". Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 8: 183–194.

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Summary