1995 in spaceflight

Summary

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1995 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

1995 in spaceflight
Space Shuttle Atlantis launches on STS-71, the first Shuttle-Mir mission to dock with Mir
Orbital launches
First11 January
Last24 December
Total80
Successes72
Failures5
Partial failures3
Catalogued74
National firsts
Satellite Czech Republic (post Czechoslovakian)
 Ukraine (post Soviet)
Rockets
Maiden flightsAthena I
Conestoga
Delta II 7920
Long March 1D
Volna
Shavit 1
RetirementsAtlas E/F
Conestoga
Long March 2E
Mu-3SII
Soyuz-U2
Crewed flights
Orbital9
Total travellers48

First Shuttle-Mir mission edit

 
Atlantis docked to Mir, photographed from the departing Soyuz-TM spacecraft Uragan
As the third mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, STS-71 became the first Space Shuttle to dock with the Russian space station Mir. STS-71 began on June 27, 1995, with the launch of Space Shuttle Atlantis from launchpad 39A at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The Shuttle delivered a relief crew of two cosmonauts Anatoly Solovyev and Nikolai Budarin to the station and recovered Increment astronaut Norman Thagard. Atlantis returned to Earth on July 7 with a crew of eight. It was the first of seven straight missions to Mir flown by Atlantis, and the second Shuttle mission to land with an eight-person crew after STS-61-A in 1985.

Launches edit

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January edit

10 January
06:18
 Atlas IIAS  Cape Canaveral LC-36B   International Launch Services
 Intelsat 704 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
15 January
13:45
 Mu-3SII  Uchinoura  ISAS
 Express 1 ISAS Low Earth Material research 15 January Failure
Final flight of Mu-3SII
Second stage control malfunction, decayed from orbit shortly after launch over Ghana; Spacecraft intended to be recovered
19 January  UGM-133 Trident II  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 19 January Successful
19 January  UGM-133 Trident II  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 19 January Successful
19 January
20:01
 LGM-118 Peacekeeper  Vandenberg LF-02  US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 19 January Successful
23 January
12:30
 S-520  Uchinoura LA-K  ISAS
ISAS Suborbital Infrared astronomy 23 January Successful
24 January
03:54
 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 132/1  
 Tsikada MO RF Low Earth (Polar) Navigation In orbit Operational
 Astrid SSC Low Earth (Polar) Auroral research 27 September Successful
 FAISAT FAI Low Earth (Polar) Communications In orbit Operational
25 January
03:54
 Black Brant XII  Andøya  NASA
 SCIFER NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 25 January Successful
Apogee: 1,453 kilometres (903 mi). Launch led to Norwegian rocket incident; Russia briefly mistook the launch as a potential nuclear attack despite receiving prior notice of the launch.
25 January
22:40
 Long March 2E  Xichang LC-2  CASC
 Apstar 2 APT Intended: Geosynchronous Communications 25 January Launch Failure
Windshear caused the collapse of the payload fairing and a guidance error caused the launch vehicle to explode; 20-120 ground casualties
28 January
16:00
 S-520  Uchinoura LA-K  ISAS
ISAS Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy 28 January Successful
29 January
06:18
 Atlas II  Cape Canaveral LC-36A  
 USA-108 (UHF F/O F4) US Navy Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational

February edit

1 February  LGM-30G Minuteman III  Vandenberg LF-09  US Air Force
 GT-156GM US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 1 February Successful
2 February
15:27
 Black Brant VIIIC  Poker Flat  NASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 2 February Successful
2 February
15:51
 Nike Tomahawk  Poker Flat  NASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 2 February Successful
3 February
05:22
 Space Shuttle Discovery  Kennedy LC-39B  United Space Alliance
 STS-63 NASA Low Earth (Mir) Shuttle-Mir flight 11 February
11:51
Successful
 SpaceHab LSM NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Discovery) Scientific research
 SPARTAN 204 NRL Low Earth Ultraviolet astronomy
 ODERACS 2A NASA Low Earth Laser calibration 9 March 1996 Successful
 ODERACS 2B NASA Low Earth Laser calibration 28 August Successful
 ODERACS 2C NASA Low Earth Laser calibration 7 February 1996 Successful
 ODERACS 2D NASA Low Earth Laser calibration 2 March Successful
 ODERACS 2E NASA Low Earth Laser calibration 27 February Successful
 ODERACS 2F NASA Low Earth Laser calibration 20 February Successful
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts; First Shuttle-Mir flight (rendezvous only, no docking)
ODERACS deployed on 4 February
7 February  Storm  White Sands  US Air Force
 BTTV-6 US Air Force Suborbital Target 7 February Successful
12 February  Aries  Wallops Island  BMDO
 LEAP BMDO Suborbital Target 7 February Successful
14 February  M4  Centre d'Essais des Landes  
Suborbital Missile test 14 February Successful
15 February
16:48
 Soyuz-U  Baikonur Site 1/5  Roskosmos
 Progress M-26 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 15 March
06:15
Successful
16 February
17:39
 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk Site 43/4  Roskosmos
 Foton 10 Roskosmos Low Earth Microgravity research 3 March Successful
24 February
10:21
 Black Brant XII  Poker Flat  NASA
 AMICIST NASA Suborbital Auroral research 24 February Successful

March edit

2 March
06:38
 Space Shuttle Endeavour  Kennedy LC-39A  United Space Alliance
 STS-67 NASA Low Earth Astronomy 18 March
21:48
Successful
 Spacelab Pallets and Igloo NASA Low Earth (Endeavour) ASTRO-2
 EDO Pallet NASA Low Earth (Endeavour) Cryogenic mission extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
2 March
13:00
 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 132/1  
 Kosmos 2306 (Rhomb) MO RF Low Earth Laser calibration 30 October 2000 Successful
4 March  Aries  Wallops Island  BMDO
 LEAP BMDO Suborbital Target 4 March Successful
6 March  UGM-96 Trident I  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 6 March Successful
6 March  UGM-96 Trident I  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 6 March Successful
6 March  UGM-96 Trident I  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 6 March Successful
7 March
09:23
 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 200/39  
 Kosmos 2307 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
 Kosmos 2308 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
 Kosmos 2309 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
14 March  UGM-96 Trident I  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 14 March Successful
14 March  UGM-96 Trident I  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 14 March Successful
14 March
06:11
 Soyuz-U2  Baikonur Site 1/5  Roskosmos
 Soyuz TM-21 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-18 11 September
06:52
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts including the first American to fly on a Russian rocket
15 March
20:21
 Nike Orion  Wallops Island  NASA
NASA Suborbital Test rocket 15 March Successful
17 March  LGM-30G Minuteman III  Vandenberg LF-09  US Air Force
 GT-159GM US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 17 March Successful
18 March
08:01
 H-II  Tanegashima LA-Y1  NASDA[1]
 Space Flyer Unit NASDA Low Earth Materials research 20 January 1996
07:42
Successful
 Himawari 5 NASDA Low Earth Weather satellite In orbit Operational
Space Flyer Unit retrieved by Space Shuttle Endeavour during STS-72 in January 1996
19 March
15:00
 Nike Orion  White Sands  NASA
 CWAS-37 NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 19 March Successful
21 March
19:11
 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
 PIMS NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 21 March Successful
22 March
04:09
 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 132/1  
 Kosmos 2310 (Parus) MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
22 March
06:18
 Atlas IIAS  Cape Canaveral LC-36B   International Launch Services
 Intelsat 705 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
22 March
16:44
 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk Site 43/3  
 Kosmos 2311 (Yantar) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 31 May Successful
24 March
14:05
 Atlas E  Vandenberg SLC-3W  
 USA-109 (DMSP 5D2 F13) US Air Force/NOAA Sun-synchronous Meteorology 3 February 2015 Successful
Final flight of Atlas E and 1.5 stage-to-orbit configuration of Atlas rocket
Satellite exploded on 3 February 2015, leaving at least 47 tracked pieces of debris.[2]
25 March
08:55
 Black Brant XCM1  Poker Flat  NASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 25 March Successful
27 March
15:40
 Nike Orion  White Sands  NASA
 CWAS-38 NASA Suborbital Astronomy 27 March Successful
28 March  Aries  Wallops Island  BMDO
 LEAP BMDO Suborbital Target 28 March Successful
28 March
10:00
 Start  Plesetsk Site 158  RVSN
 Gurwin 1 IAI Intended: Low Earth Technology development 28 March Launch Failure
 EKV Intended: Low Earth Technology development
 Oscar 29 UNAM/AMSAT Intended: Low Earth Communications
Failed to orbit, crased into the Sea of Okhotsk
28 March
23:14
 Ariane 4 (44LP)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
 Brasilsat B2 Telebrás Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
 Hot Bird 1 Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful

April edit

1 April
09:33
 Black Brant IX  Poker Flat  NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 1 April Successful
3 April
13:48
 Pegasus-H  Stargazer, Vandenberg  Orbital Sciences
 Orbcomm F1 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
 Orbcomm F2 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
 Orbview 1 Orbimage Low Earth Earth observation In orbit Successful
5 April
11:16
 Shavit-1  Palmachim  IAI
 Ofeq-3 IAI Low Earth (retrograde) Reconnaissance 24 October 2000 Successful
7 April
21:47
 Atlas IIAS  Cape Canaveral LC-36A   International Launch Services
 AMSC-1 AMSC Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
9 April  UGM-133 Trident II  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 9 April Successful
9 April  UGM-133 Trident II  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 9 April Successful
9 April
19:34
 Soyuz-U  Baikonur Site 1/5  Roskosmos
 Progress M-27 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 23 May
03:27
Successful
 GFZ Low Earth Laser calibration 23 June 1999 Successful
GFZ deployed from Mir on 19 April
14 April
11:30
 RT-2PM Topol  Plesetsk Site 158  RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 14 April Successful
15 April
10:07
 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 15 April Successful
18 April
18:00
 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
NASA Suborbital Solar research 18 April Successful
21 April
01:44
 Ariane 4 (40)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
 ERS-2 ESA Sun-synchronous Remote sensing 21 February 2024
17:17[3]
Successful
21 April
15:04
 THAAD  White Sands  US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight 21 April Successful
Maiden flight of THAAD
24 April  Hera  White Sands LC-32  US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight 24 April Successful
Maiden flight of Hera
29 April
05:55
 Nike Orion  Esrange  DLR
 Mini-Texus 4 DLR Suborbital Microgravity research 29 April Successful

May edit

2 May
05:55
 Nike Orion  Esrange  DLR
 Mini-Texus 3 DLR Suborbital Microgravity research 2 May Successful
14 May
13:45
 Titan IVA (401)/Centaur  Cape Canaveral LC-40  Lockheed Martin
 USA-110 (Mentor-1) NRO Geosynchronous SIGINT In orbit Operational
15 May
18:00
 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
 SERTS-35 NASA Suborbital Solar research 15 May Successful
17 May
06:34
 Ariane 4 (44LP)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
 Intelsat 706 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
20 May
03:33
 Proton-K  Baikonur Site 81/23  Roskosmos
 Spektr Roskosmos/NASA Low Earth (Mir) Mir module 23 March 2001
05:50
Successful
Heavily damaged in collision with Progress M-34 on 25 June 1997
22 May
07:05
 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy 22 May Successful
23 May
05:52
 Atlas I  Cape Canaveral LC-36B   International Launch Services
 GOES-9 (GOES-J) NOAA Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous
Meteorology In orbit Successful
Retired on 14 June 2007
24 May
20:10
 Molniya-M  Plesetsk Site 16/2  
 Kosmos 2312 (Oko) MOM Molniya Early warning In orbit Successful
29 May  Long March 1D  Taiyuan  CASC
CASC Suborbital Test flight 29 May Successful
Maiden flight of Long March 1D
31 May
15:27
 Atlas II  Cape Canaveral LC-36A  
 USA-111 (UHF F/O F5) US Navy Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational

June edit

6 June
22:00
 Taurus-Orion  Poker Flat  NASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 6 June Successful
6 June
22:10
 Volna  Submarine, Barents Sea  Russian Navy
  Bremen Suborbital Test flight 6 June Successful
Maiden flight of Volna
8 June
04:43
 Tsyklon-2  Baikonur Site 90/20  
 Kosmos 2313 (EORSAT) MO RF Low Earth SIGINT 11 July 1997 Successful
8 June
12:45
 UR-100N  Baikonur  RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 8 June Successful
10 June
00:24
 Ariane 4 (42P)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
 DirecTV-2 DirecTV Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
14 June  LGM-118 Peacekeeper  Vandenberg LF-05  US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 14 June Successful
22 June
19:58
 Pegasus-XL  Stargazer, Vandenberg  Orbital Sciences
 STEP 3 US Air Force Intended: Low Earth Technology development 22 June Launch Failure
Second stage malfunction, destroyed by range safety
26 June  Strypi IX  Barking Sands  US Air Force
 ETCE-11 US Air Force Suborbital Target 26 June Failure
27 June
19:32
 Space Shuttle Atlantis  Kennedy LC-39A  United Space Alliance
 STS-71 NASA Low Earth (Mir) Shuttle-Mir flight 7 July
14:55
Successful
 Spacelab Long Module 2 NASA Low Earth (Atlantis) Medical research
Crewed orbital flight launching with seven and landing with eight astronauts
First Shuttle-Mir docking, exchanged Mir EO-18 for EO-19 (first space station crew exchange using a Space Shuttle)
28 June
18:25
 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk Site 43/3  
 Kosmos 2314 (Yantar-4K1) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 6 September Successful
29 June  Strypi IX  Barking Sands  US Air Force
 ETCE-12 US Air Force Suborbital Target 29 June Successful
30 June
18:00
 Terrier-Orion  Wallops Island  NASA
NASA Suborbital Test rocket 30 June Successful

July edit

5 July
03:09
 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 132/1  
 Kosmos 2315 (Tsikada) MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
7 July
16:23
 Ariane 4 (40)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
 Helios 1A CNES Sun-synchronous Reconnaissance In orbit Operational
 Cerise CNES Sun-synchronous Radiation research In orbit Operational
 LBSAT/UPM-Sat 1 UPM Sun-synchronous Communications In orbit Successful
10 July
12:38
 Titan IVA (401)/Centaur  Cape Canaveral LC-41  Lockheed Martin
 USA-112 (Trumpet-2) NRO Molniya ELINT In orbit Operational
13 July
13:41
 Space Shuttle Discovery  Kennedy LC-39A  United Space Alliance
 STS-70 NASA Low Earth Satellite deployment 22 July
12:02
Successful
 TDRS-7 (TDRS-G) NASA Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts
TDRS deployed on 13 July using an Inertial Upper Stage
20 July
03:04
 Soyuz-U  Baikonur Site 1/5  Roskosmos
 Progress M-28 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 4 September
08:58
Successful
24 July
15:52
 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 200/39  
 Kosmos 2316 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
 Kosmos 2317 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
 Kosmos 2318 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
24 July
22:30
 UGM-133 Trident II  HMS Victorious, Eastern Range  Royal Navy
Royal Navy Suborbital Missile test 24 July Successful
First missile launch from HMS Victorious
26 July
09:33
 Nike Orion  Poker Flat  NASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 26 July Successful
31 July  THAAD  White Sands  US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight 31 July Successful
31 July
23:30
 Atlas IIA  Cape Canaveral LC-36A  
 USA-113 (DSCS III B-7) US Air Force Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful[4]
July  DF-21  Taiyuan  
Suborbital Missile test +15 minutes Successful

August edit

2 August
23:59
 Molniya-M  Plesetsk Site 43/3  VKS
 Interbol 1 Roskosmos High Earth (elliptical) Magnetospheric research 16 October 2000 Successful
 Magion 4 High Earth (elliptical) Magnetospheric research 16 October 2000 Successful
Magion 4 was the first Czech (post Czechoslovakian) satellite
3 August
22:58
 Ariane 4 (42L)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
 PAS-4 PanAmSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
5 August
11:10
 Delta II 7925  Cape Canaveral LC-17B  Boeing IDS
 Koreasat 1 Korea Telecom Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Partial Failure
SRM malfunction resulted in incorrect orbit which was corrected using the satellite's own engines at the expense of half of the expected lifespan of the satellite
8 August
08:20
 Nike Orion  Poker Flat  NASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 8 August Successful
9 August
23:59
 Molniya-M  Plesetsk Site 43/3  VKS
 Molniya 3-47 MOM Molniya Communications In orbit Operational
15 August
22:30
 Athena I  Vandenberg SLC-6  Lockheed Martin
 GemStar 1 (VitaSat) VITA Intended: Low Earth Communications +160 seconds Launch Failure
Maiden flight of Athena I and first launch from SLC-6
Destroyed by range safety after loss of control system
16 August  Storm  White Sands LC-36  US Air Force
 MTD-1 US Air Force Suborbital GPS targeting 16 August Successful
16 August  RH-560  Sriharikota  ISRO
ISRO Suborbital Test rocket 16 August Successful
22 August  UGM-133 Trident II  HMS Victorious, Eastern Range  Royal Navy
Royal Navy Suborbital Missile test 22 August Successful
24 August
20:00
 TR-1  Tanegashima LA-T  NASDA
NASDA Suborbital Microgravity research 24 August Successful
25 August  R-39 Rif  Submarine, North Pole  Russian Navy
Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test 25 August Successful
28 August
17:30
 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
NASA Suborbital Test rocket 28 August Successful
29 August
00:53
 Atlas IIAS  Cape Canaveral LC-36B   International Launch Services
 JCSAT-3 JSAT Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
29 August
06:41
 Ariane 4 (44P)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
 N-STAR a NTT Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
30 August  LGM-118 Peacekeeper  Vandenberg LF-02  US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 30 August Successful
30 August
19:33
 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 200/39  VKS
 Kosmos 2319 (Potok) MOM Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
31 August
06:49
 Tsyklon-3  Plesetsk Site 32  VKS
 Sich-1 (Okean) NKAU Low Earth Remote sensing In orbit Operational
 FASat-Alfa (FASat-Alfa) FACH Low Earth Technology development In orbit Partial Failure
Sich 1 was the first Ukrainian satellite; FASat-Alfa intended to be the first Chilean satellite and failed to separate from Sich 1

September edit

2 September
01:13
 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
 Thunderstorm III NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 2 September Successful
3 September
09:00
 Soyuz-U2  Baikonur Site 1/5  Roskosmos
 Soyuz TM-22 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-20 29 February 1996
10:42
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
Final flight of Soyuz-U2
5 September
07:50
 RT-2PM Topol  Plesetsk Site 158  RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 5 September Successful
7 September
15:09
 Space Shuttle Endeavour  Kennedy LC-39A  United Space Alliance
 STS-69 NASA Low Earth Microgravity research 16 September
11:38
Successful
 SPARTAN-201 NASA Low Earth Solar research
 Wake Shield Facility NASA Low Earth Materials research
 IEH-1 ESA Low Earth (Endeavour) Ultraviolet astronomy
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts
SPARTAN deployed on 8 September and retrieved on 10 September; WSF deployed on 7 September and retrieved on 14 September
12 September
18:05
 Black Brant 9CM1  White Sands LC-36  NASA
NASA Suborbital Solar research 12 September Successful
17 September
07:30
 S-520  Uchinoura LA-K  ISAS
ISAS Suborbital Technology demonstration 17 September Failure
24 September
00:06
 Ariane 4 (42L)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
 Telstar 402R AT&T Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
Power failure on 19 September 2003 resulted in loss of satellite
26 September
11:20
 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk Site 43/4  VKS
 Resurs F2 MOM Low Earth Resource location 26 October Successful
29 September
04:25
 Soyuz-U  Baikonur Site 31/6  VKS
 Kosmos 2320 (Yantar-4KS1) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 28 September 1996 Successful

October edit

2 October  Hera  White Sands LC-94  US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Target 2 October Successful
6 October
03:23
 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 132/1  VKS
 Kosmos 2321 (Parus) MO RF Low Earth Navigation 21 August 1997 Partial Failure
Second stage malfunction, placed in useless orbit
8 October
18:50
 Soyuz-U  Baikonur Site 1/5  VKS
 Progress M-29 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 19 December
16:15
Successful
10 October  RT-2PM Topol  Plesetsk Site 158  RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 10 October Successful
11 October
16:26
 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 81/23  VKS
  Luch-1Luch MOM Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
Retired on 1 June 1999
13 October  Storm  White Sands SULF  US Air Force
 BTTV-9 US Air Force Suborbital ABM target 13 October Successful
13 October  THAAD  White Sands  US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital ABM test 13 October Successful
19 October
00:38
 Ariane 4 (42L)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
 Astra 1E SES Astra Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
20 October
13:53
 Space Shuttle Columbia  Kennedy LC-39B  United Space Alliance
 STS-73 NASA Low Earth Microgravity research 5 November
11:46
Successful
 Spacelab Long Module 1 NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Spacelab USML-2
 EDO Pallet NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Cryogenic mission extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
22 October
08:00
 Atlas II  Cape Canaveral LC-36A  
 USA-114 (UHF F/O F6) US Navy Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
23 October
22:03
 Conestoga 1620  Wallops Island LP-0A  
Meteor Intended: Low Earth Meteorology + 46 seconds Launch Failure
Self-destruct activated after loss of control
25 October
13:13
 Black Brant IX  Woomera LA-2-N  NASA
NASA Suborbital X-ray astronomy 25 October Successful
28 October
18:00
 Black Brant IX  Woomera LA-2-N  NASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy 28 October Successful
29 October  UGM-96 Trident I  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 29 October Successful
31 October
20:19
 Zenit-2  Baikonur Site 45/1  VKS
 Kosmos 2322 (Tselina-2) MO RF Low Earth SIGINT In orbit Operational

November edit

2 November  Kosmos-3MP  Kapustin Yar Site 107  RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Test re-entry vehicle 2 November Successful
4 November
14:22
 Delta II 7920-10  Vandenberg SLC-2W  Boeing IDS
 RADARSAT-1 CSA Sun-synchronous Earth imaging In orbit Operational
 SURFSAT NASA Sun-synchronous Test DSN In orbit Successful
Maiden flight of Delta II 7920 and first Delta II launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base
5 November
16:14
 Black Brant IX  Woomera LA-2-N  NASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy 5 November Successful
6 November
05:51
 Titan IVA (401)/Centaur  Cape Canaveral LC-40  Lockheed Martin
 USA-115 (Milstar-2) US Air Force Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
7 November
06:38
 Black Brant XII  Poker Flat  NASA
 OEDIPUS-C CSA Suborbital Ionospheric research 7 November Successful
10 November  DF-21  Taiyuan  
Suborbital Missile test 10 November Successful
12 November
12:30
 Space Shuttle Atlantis  Kennedy LC-39A  United Space Alliance
 STS-74 NASA Low Earth (Mir) Shuttle-Mir flight 20 November
17:02
Successful
  Mir Docking Module Roskosmos/NASA Low Earth (Mir) Mir module 23 March 2001
05:50
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts
14 November
17:04
 Black Brant IX  Woomera LA-2-N  NASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy 14 November Successful
17 November
01:20
 Ariane 4 (44P)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
 Infrared Space Observatory ESA High Earth (elliptical) Infrared astronomy In orbit Successful
Retired on 16 May 1998
17 November
14:25
 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 200/39  VKS
 Gals-2 MOM Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
19 November
15:30
 Black Brant IX  Woomera LA-2-N  NASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy 19 November Successful
20 November
17:00
 Black Brant IX  Woomera LA-2-N  NASA
NASA Suborbital Astronomy 20 November Successful
24 November
14:00
 Nike Tomahawk  Poker Flat  NASA
NASA Ionospheric research 24 November Successful
27 November
08:03
 Nike Tomahawk  Poker Flat  NASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 27 November Successful
27 November
08:07
 Black Brant VIIIC  Poker Flat  NASA
NASA Suborbital Ionospheric research 27 November Successful
28 November
09:42
 Maxus  Esrange  SSC
DLR Suborbital Microgravity research 28 November Successful
28 November
11:30
 Long March 2E  Taiyuan LC-2  CASC
 AsiaSat 2 AsiaSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational

December edit

2 December
08:08
 Atlas IIAS  Cape Canaveral LC-36B   International Launch Services
  SOHO ESA/NASA Earth-Sun L1 point Solar research In orbit Operational
4 December
11:20
 Black Brant VIIIC  White Sands LC-36  NASA
NASA Suborbital X-ray astronomy 4 December Successful
5 December
21:18
 Titan IVA (404)  Vandenberg SLC-4E  Lockheed Martin
 USA-116 (KH-12) NRO Sun-synchronous Reconnaissance In orbit Operational
6 December
23:23
 Ariane 4 (44L)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
 Telecom 2C France Télécom Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
 INSAT-2C ISRO Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
7 December  UGM-133 Trident II  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 7 December Successful
13 December  Storm  White Sands SULF  US Air Force
 BTTV-10 US Air Force Suborbital ABM target 13 December Successful
13 December  THAAD  White Sands  US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital ABM test 13 December Successful
14 December
06:10
 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 200/39  VKS
 Kosmos 2323 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
 Kosmos 2324 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
 Kosmos 2325 (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
15 December
00:23
 Atlas IIA  Cape Canaveral LC-36A   International Launch Services
 Galaxy 3R PanAmSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Spacecraft failure
Failed March 2006
18 December
14:31
 Soyuz-U  Baikonur Site 1/5  VKS
 Progress M-30 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 22 February 1996
11:02
Successful
20 December
00:52
 Tsyklon-2  Baikonur Site 90/20  VKS
 Kosmos 2326 (EORSAT) MO RF Low Earth SIGINT 8 November 1997 Successful
28 December
06:45
 Molniya-M  Baikonur Site 31/6  VKS
 IRS-1C ISRO Low Earth Remote sensing In orbit Successful
 Skipper Utah State Low Earth Aerobraking experiment In orbit Spacecraft failure
Skipper suffered a solar array malfunction
28 December
11:50
 Long March 2E  Xichang LC-2  CASC
 EchoStar 1 EchoStar Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Final flight of Long March 2E
30 December
13:48
 Delta II 7920-10  Cape Canaveral LC-17A  Boeing IDS
 RXTE NASA Low Earth X-ray astronomy 30 April 2018 Successful

Deep Space Rendezvous edit

Date (GMT) Spacecraft Event Remarks
7 December Galileo First impact of spacecraft to Jupiter - subprobe descent through the Jovian atmosphere
8 December Galileo First orbiter of Jupiter - jovian orbit insertion
no date Ulysses Pass over solar north pole

EVAs edit

Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Remarks
9 February
11:56
4 hours
39 minutes
16:35 STS-63
Discovery
 / Michael Foale
 Bernard A. Harris, Jr.
Conducted a test of moving large mass objects and tested the effectiveness of the new spacesuit temperature control underwear by being lofted outside the payload bay by the RMS.[5]
12 May
04:20
6 hours
15 minutes
10:35 Mir EO-18
Kvant-2
 Vladimir Dezhurov
 Gennadi Strekalov
Made preparations for the arrival of the Spektr module. Installed some electrical cable attachments, adjusted solar array actuators, and practiced folding the Kristall solar arrays for the future move to Kvant-1.[6]
17 May
02:38
6 hours
42 minutes
09:20 Mir EO-18
Kvant-2
 Vladimir Dezhurov
 Gennadi Strekalov
Moved the solar arrays from Kristall to Kvant-1. Their suits ran low on oxygen before they were able to re-install the arrays on Kvant-1.[6]
22 May
00:10
5 hours
15 minutes
05:25 Mir EO-18
Kvant-2
 Vladimir Dezhurov
 Gennadi Strekalov
Completed installation of the relocated solar array on Kvant-1. Also retracted some solar panels to prepare for moving Kristall.[6]
28 May
22:22
21 minutes 22:43 Mir EO-18
base block
 Vladimir Dezhurov
 Gennadi Strekalov
Conducting a spacewalk inside the transfer compartment of the Mir base block Dezhurov and Strekalov relocated a docking cone from the -X port to the -Z port.
1 June
22:05
23 minutes 22:28 Mir EO-18
base block
 Vladimir Dezhurov
 Gennadi Strekalov
Again working from the depressurized base block transfer compartment, Dezhurov and Strekalov prepared to move the recently arrived Spektr module by relocating a docking cone from the -Z port to the -Y port.
14 July
03:56
5 hours
34 minutes
09:30 Mir EO-19
Kvant-2
 Anatoly Solovyev
 Nikolai Budarin
Used the Strela boom to move to the Spektr module and freed the stuck solar array. Also inspected the -Z docking port and found it to be undamaged.
19 July
00:39
3 hours
8 minutes
03:47 Mir EO-19
Kvant-2
 Anatoly Solovyev
 Nikolai Budarin
Solovyev had problems with his Orlan-DMA spacesuit cooling system, and had to stay tethered to an umbilical at Kvant-2. Budarin was able work his way to the far end of Spektr and do some preparations for the installation of the Mir infrared spectrometer (MIRAS). He also collected the American TREK cosmic ray panel that had been installed on Kvant-2 since 1991.
21 July
00:28
5 hours
50 minutes
06:18 Mir EO-19
Kvant-2
 Anatoly Solovyev
 Nikolai Budarin
Used the Strela boom to reach the Spektr module, where they completed the installation of MIRAS.
16 September
08:20
6 hours
46 minutes
15:06 STS-69
Endeavour
 James S. Voss
 Michael L. Gernhardt
Installed thermal instruments on the apparatus in the payload bay. Also tested redesigned spacesuit helmet lights and spacesuit heaters.[7]
20 October
11:50
5 hours
16 minutes
17:06 Mir EO-20
Kvant-2
 Sergei Avdeyev
 Thomas Reiter
Used the Strela boom to move to the Spektr module and installed several experiments on the European Space Exposure Facility. Reiter became the first ESA cosmonaut and German to complete an EVA.
8 December
19:23
29 minutes 19:52 Mir EO-20
base block
 Sergei Avdeyev
 Yuri Gidzenko
From inside the depressurized base block transfer compartment, Avdeyev and Gidzenko moved the Konus docking cone from the -Z port to the +Z port.

References edit

  • Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
  • Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
  • Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.[dead link]
  • Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
  • Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  • McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
  • Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
  • Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
  • Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
  • Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
  • "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
  • "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
  • "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.[dead link]
  • "Space Information Center". JAXA.[dead link]
  • "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
Generic references:
  Spaceflight portal

Footnotes edit

  1. ^ "H-II". astronautix.com. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  2. ^ "20-Year-Old Military Weather Satellite Apparently Exploded in Orbit". 2 March 2015. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  3. ^ Jonathan McDowell [@planet4589] (21 February 2024). "ESA ERS-2 satellite reentry on a track from Alaska to the Pacific confirmed: Space-Track gives 151.9W 37.4N over the Pacific at 1717 UTC. NOAA radar data taken 1842 UTC shows an upper-atmosphere debris trail extending S from the Alaska coast near 144W 59.5N" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  4. ^ Gibson, Hillary (14 December 2022). "SpOC officially retires DSCS satellite". Space Operations Command. United States Space Force. Archived from the original on 2 January 2023. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
  5. ^ Dumouline, Jim (2001). "sts-63-patch STS-63 (67)". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 20 March 2009. Retrieved 5 March 2009.
  6. ^ a b c McDonald, Sue (December 1998). "Mir Mission Chronicle" (PDF). NASA. p. 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 March 2009. Retrieved 6 March 2009.
  7. ^ Dudoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-69 Day 9 Highlights". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 21 March 2009. Retrieved 6 March 2009.