2002_Cunningham_by-election Knowpia

2002 Cunningham by-election
	Cunningham (dark) within New South Wales
MP before election; Stephen Martin; Labor	Elected MP ; Michael Organ; Greens

The 2002 Cunningham by-election was held in the Australian electorate of Cunningham in New South Wales on 19 October 2002. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of the sitting member, the Australian Labor Party's Stephen Martin on 16 August 2002. The writ for the by-election was issued on 16 September 2002.

The by-election was notable as it was won by Michael Organ, the candidate for the Australian Greens, making Cunningham the first seat in the Australian House of Representatives to be won by a minor party since Jack Lang won Reid for his Lang Labor party in 1946, and the first seat in the House won by the Greens.

Background edit

Cunningham had been held by Labor since its creation 52 years previously, but a recent local government election for Lord Mayor of Wollongong had seen the Labor candidate lose to an independent, Alex Darling, causing concern in the ALP about their ability to hold the seat given the expectation of a significant protest vote against them.^[1] The ALP candidate preselected to replace Martin was Sharon Bird.

The Liberal Party of Australia received 28 percent of the primary vote at the previous election, they chose not to run a candidate in the by-election. Independent candidate David Moulds held Liberal Party membership.^[2]

Results edit

The distribution of preferences in the by-election resulted in the election of Michael Organ.

2002 Cunningham by-election ^[3]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labor	Sharon Bird	25,671	38.13	−6.06
	Greens	Michael Organ	15,505	23.03	+16.39
	Independent	David Moulds	9,147	13.59	+13.59
	Independent	Peter Wilson	7,107	10.56	+10.56
	One Nation	Geoff Crocker	2,696	4.00	−0.63
	Christian Democrats	Owen Nannelli	2,566	3.81	+1.32
	Democrats	Linda Chapman	1,514	2.25	−4.92
	Against Further Immigration	David Hughes	889	1.32	+1.32
	Independent	Meg Sampson	671	1.00	+1.00
	Non-Custodial Parents	John Flanagan	556	0.83	+0.83
	Independent	James Keene	483	0.72	+0.72
	Socialist Alliance	Chris Williams	399	0.59	+0.59
	Citizens Electoral Council	Hal A Johnson	120	0.18	+0.18
Total formal votes			67,324	92.26	−2.90
Informal votes			5,647	7.74	+2.90
Turnout			72,971	89.51	−5.91
Two-candidate-preferred result
	Greens	Michael Organ	35,160	52.23	+52.23
	Labor	Sharon Bird	32,164	47.77	−12.88
	Greens gain from Labor		Swing	N/A

Aftermath edit

Although Labor received the highest primary vote, the Australian Greens candidate, Michael Organ, won the by-election on a 52.2 percent two-candidate preferred (2CP) vote. Asymmetrical preference flows in the absence of an official Liberal candidate contributed to Labor losing the seat, with their 2CP being reduced by 12.9 percent. Labor, Liberal and Green all contested Cunningham in the 2004 federal election, Labor won the seat back with a two-party preferred (2PP) vote of over 60 percent. Another example is the 2008 Mayo by-election. However, other factors attributed by some to the loss include Martin's premature departure, a messy preselection process for Bird, and discontent from the NSW Labor branch towards federal leader Simon Crean.^[4]

References edit

^ Griffiths, Emma: Labor nervous ahead Cunningham by-election, Lateline (Australian Broadcasting Corporation), 18 October 2002.
^ Bennett, Scott: The Cunningham by-election 2002 Archived 13 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Parliament of Australia, 11 November 2002.
^ "2002 Cunningham by-election". Psephos Adam Carr's Election Archive. Retrieved 29 May 2022.
^ Green, Antony: Cunningham - Federal Election 2007, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 19 November 2007.