Summary
2 Corinthians 9 is the ninth chapter of the Second Epistle to the Corinthians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle and Timothy (2 Corinthians 1:1) in Macedonia in 55–56 CE.[1]
| 2 Corinthians 9 | |
|---|---|
 A folio of Papyrus 46 (written ca. AD 200), containing 2 Corinthians 11:33–12:9. This manuscript contains almost complete parts of the whole Pauline epistles. | |
| Book | Second Epistle to the Corinthians |
| Category | Pauline epistles |
| Christian Bible part | New Testament |
| Order in the Christian part | 8 |
This chapter continues "the topic of generous giving" [2] commenced in the previous chapter. The eighteenth-century German theologian Johann Salomo Semler suggested that this chapter was a separate letter later inserted into 2 Corinthians.[3] The Jerusalem Bible notes the possibility that chapter 9 was "a short note to the churches of Achaia, being inserted here subsequently to follow the instructions on the same subject ... in chapter 8.[4] The Pulpit Commentary rejects this suggestion.[5]
Text edit
The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 15 verses.
Textual witnesses edit
Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are:
- Papyrus 46 (~AD 200)
- Codex Vaticanus (325–350)
- Codex Sinaiticus (330–360)
- Codex Alexandrinus (400–440)
- Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (~450)
- Codex Freerianus (~450; extant verses 1,7–8,15)
- Codex Claromontanus (~550)
Old Testament references edit
- 2 Corinthians 9:7: Proverbs 22:8 (Septuagint only)
- 2 Corinthians 9:9: Psalm 112:9[6]
Verse 7 edit
- Each one must give as he has decided in his heart, not reluctantly or under compulsion, for God loves a cheerful giver.[7]
- "not reluctantly or under compulsion" (NKJV: "not grudgingly or of necessity"): that is "of his own will and free choice", from one's very heart; not as directed and forced by others.[8]
- "For God loves a cheerful giver": The Jewish phrase "with a cheerful countenance", or elsewhere "with a cheerful heart" is from the quotation: "He that doth the commandment, i.e. alms, let him do it "with a cheerful heart"."[8]
Proverbs 22:8 in Septuagint has "God blesses a cheerful man, and a giver", which may be what Paul refers to.[8]
Verse 9 edit
- As it is written:
- "He has dispersed abroad, He has given to the poor;
- His righteousness remains forever."[9]
Citing Psalm 112:9.[10]
Verse 15 edit
- Thanks be to God for His indescribable gift![11]
Paul knew that all the magnificent promises of God were guaranteed through the perfect sacrifice of Christ (cf. 2 Corinthians 1:20). Thus, that "indescribable free gift" would include all the goodness and loyal love that God would extend to mankind through Jesus. Indeed, that gift is so awe-inspiring that it cannot be fully described in human terms.[12]
See also edit
- Macedonia
- Titus
- Related Bible parts: Psalm 112, Proverbs 11, Proverbs 19, Matthew 10, Luke 6, Luke 21
References edit
- ^ MacDonald 2007, p. 1134.
- ^ Buls, H. H., Buls' Notes: 2 Corinthians 8:1–9; 13–14, accessed 5 September 2017
- ^ Kennedy, J. H., Are the two epistles in 2 Corinthians?, The Expositor, Series 5, Volume 6.3, September 1897
- ^ Jerusalem Bible, footnote a on 2 Corinthians 9, page 317
- ^ Pulpit Commentary on 2 Corinthians 9, accessed September 6, 2017
- ^ Kirkpatrick, A. F. (1901). The Book of Psalms: with Introduction and Notes. The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges. Vol. Book IV and V: Psalms XC-CL. Cambridge: At the University Press. p. 840. Retrieved February 28, 2019.
- ^ 2 Corinthians 9:7 ESV
- ^ a b c John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible, 2 Corinthians 9:7
- ^ 2 Corinthians 9:9 MEV
- ^ Note [a] on 2 Corinthians 9:9 in MEV
- ^ 2 Cor 9:15 NKJV
- ^ Be Compelled by God's "Indescribable Free Gift" - Watchtower Study, January 2016.
Sources edit
- MacDonald, Margaret (2007). "66. 2 Corinthians". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.). The Oxford Bible Commentary (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 1134–1151. ISBN 978-0199277186. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
External links edit
- 2 Corinthians 9 King James Bible - Wikisource
- English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate Archived June 17, 2019, at the Wayback Machine
- Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
- Multiple bible versions at Bible Gateway (NKJV, NIV, NRSV etc.)