78a Squadriglia of the Corpo Aeronautico Militare was established on 29 June 1916. Equipped with seven Nieuport 10s and a Nieuport 11, it went operational on 16 August 1916. It deployed to Campoformido on 3 September 1916. It flew its first combat sorties six days later. The new squadron was an independent one until 10 April 1917, when it was attached to 10o Gruppo. It left the Gruppo in October 1917 to be subordinated to Pier Ruggero Piccio; this was at the time that Piccio was developing new aerial tactics for the Italians.^[1] The squadron would subsequently be posted to the 15o Gruppo on 24 January 1918. Its last wartime posting would be with 23o Gruppo, on 18 July 1918.^[2]

When the war ended, 78a Squadriglia had flown 4,770 combat sorties, fought 443 aerial combats, and been credited with 88 aerial victories. Six of its members had shot down five or more enemy aircraft with the squadron. Four of the squadron's pilots had paid the final price.^[2]

• Domenico Bolognesi: From ca. 29 June 1916
• Antonio Riva: 20 November 1917 through war's end^[2]

• Campoformido: 3 September 1916
• Borgnano: August 1917
• Aviano: October 1917
• Istrana^[2]

• Amedeo Mecozzi
• Antonio Riva
• Cosimo Rennella
• Antonio Chiri
• Guglielmo Fornagiari
• Guido Masiero^[2]

• Nieuport 10
• Nieuport 11
• Hanriots^[2]

• Franks, Norman; Guest, Russell; Alegi, Gregory. Above the War Fronts: The British Two-seater Bomber Pilot and Observer Aces, the British Two-seater Fighter Observer Aces, and the Belgian, Italian, Austro-Hungarian and Russian Fighter Aces, 1914–1918: Volume 4 of Fighting Airmen of WWI Series: Volume 4 of Air Aces of WWI. Grub Street, 1997. ISBN 1-898697-56-6, ISBN 978-1-898697-56-5.
• Varriale, Paolo. Italian Aces of World War 1. Osprey Pub Co, 2009. ISBN 978-1-84603-426-8.