Summary
A. Page Brown, born Arthur Page Brown (December 1859 – January 21, 1896), was an American architect known for buildings that incorporated classical styles in the Beaux-Arts manner. Having first worked in the office of McKim, Mead and White in New York City in 1879, he established his own firm in 1884 and hired a young Willis Polk as a draftsman. In 1889 Brown moved his office to San Francisco, California to take advantage of the city's growth.
A. Page Brown | |
|---|---|
| Born | Arthur Page Brown December 1859 Ellisburg, New York, U.S. |
| Died | 1896 (aged 36–37) Burlingame, California, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Architect |
Brown is best known for designing the San Francisco Ferry Building, which opened in 1898, and at the time was the largest project ever undertaken in San Francisco. He is credited with introducing the Mission Revival style to Santa Barbara, with his designs for residences along Garden Street. The style was widely adopted in Santa Barbara and has shaped its visual identity.
Early life and education edit
Arthur Page Brown was born in Ellisburg, New York, in Jefferson County; he was descended from Yankees from New England. His formal education in architecture consisted of a year at the Cornell University School of Architecture, but he left in 1879 to join the newly established architectural firm of McKim, Mead and White.[1] From 1883 to 1884 he traveled extensively through Europe, where he was influenced by Beaux-Arts architecture, based on Neoclassical and Renaissance styles.
Marriage and family edit
He married Lucy Pryor on February 25, 1886, at the Church of the Transfiguration in Manhattan, also known as "The Little Church Around the Corner.";[2] she was the daughter of Sara Agnes Rice and Roger Atkinson Pryor. Lucy and her six Pryor siblings were all born in Petersburg, Virginia; her father was a general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Their family moved to New York City in the late 1860s to recover from postwar poverty. Roger A. Pryor became a successful attorney, active in Democratic Party politics, and later was appointed as justice to the New York State Supreme Court.[3] Sara Agnes Rice Pryor founded several heritage organizations and was active in civic affairs. She also had several books, including novels, histories and memoirs, published by the Macmillan Company in the early 1900s. Her memoirs were the basis of joint biography of her and her husband by John C. Waugh, which was published in 2002.
The Browns had three children together.
Career edit
In New York, Brown joined the office of McKim, Mead & White in 1879; he left for a brief period, returning in 1882. After an extensive tour of Europe (1883-1884), Brown rejoined the firm in 1884.[1] At that point, he started doing some additional work for Nancy Fowler McCormick, a Chicago philanthropist. Under her patronage, he opened his own office in December 1884, under the name A. Page Brown, and hired the young Willis Polk as a draftsman.[4]
In 1889 Brown was commissioned by Mary Ann Deming Crocker to design a mausoleum for her late husband, the wealthy California industrialist, Charles Crocker.[5] The massive granite structure is located on "Millionaire's Row" at Mountain View Cemetery in Oakland, California.[6] Mrs. Crocker also commissioned him to design the Crocker Old People's Home[7][8] in San Francisco.[9]
These opportunities allowed Brown to move his office to San Francisco where the city's rapid development would offer greater opportunities. He persuaded Willis Polk to go with him to San Francisco, California, and the two were among a number of talented architects who moved from the East Coast at the end of the 19th century and established firms in San Francisco.[9]
With his newly established office, his highly regarded upper-class social contacts, a developed East Coast portfolio, and a talented staff that included not only Willis Polk, but Bernard Maybeck[5] and A. C. Schweinfurth,[10] Brown was the favored architect of San Francisco society. His reputation for bringing the most contemporary design aesthetic from the East Coast created the perception that he led the "reorientation of San Francisco architecture from the Victorian to the academic sphere," popularizing the Beaux-Arts style.[10]
In 1892 Brown designed the San Francisco Ferry Building, a ferry terminal for both commuters and travelers who visited San Francisco.[5] When completed in 1898, the Ferry Building was the largest single project undertaken in the city up to that time.[3] Located on the Embarcadero at the foot of Market Street, it was a prominent structure intended to be a symbol of the city, and its 245-foot clock tower, which Brown designed after the 12th-century Giralda bell tower in Seville, Spain, could be seen across the city and the bay. Prior to the 1930s (when both the Golden Gate and Bay bridges were completed), the Ferry Building was the second busiest transportation terminal in the world, seeing an average of 50,000 commuters a day.[11]
In 1894, Brown introduced the Mission Revival style to Santa Barbara, where it became popular for a variety of building types, shaping the visual identity of the city to this day.[12]
Brown, Polk, Maybeck, and Schweinfurth were also associated with the First Bay Tradition, which they helped popularize along with other architects.[13]
In 1896 Arthur Page Brown died at his home in Burlingame, California of severe injuries suffered in a runaway horse and buggy accident.[5] At the time of his death, the Ferry Building was still under construction; it was opened in 1898.
References edit
- ^ a b Longstreth, Richard W. (1998) [1983]. On the Edge of the World: Four Architects in San Francisco at the Turn of the Century (paperback ed.). University of California Press. p. 365. ISBN 978-0-520-21415-6. Retrieved 16 August 2011.
- ^ "New York Times" (PDF). 26 February 1886. Retrieved 7 May 2013.
- ^ a b Starr, Kevin (4 December 1986). Inventing the Dream: California Through the Progressive Era. Oxford University Press US. pp. 176, 177, 178. ISBN 978-0-19-504234-4. Retrieved 16 August 2011.
- ^ Longstreth, Richard W. (1983). On the edge of the world : four architects in San Francisco at the turn of the century. New York: Architectural History Foundation. pp. 55–56. ISBN 026212100X. OCLC 9282919.
- ^ a b c d Parry, David. "Brown, Arthur Page". Encyclopedia of San Francisco. San Francisco Museum & Historical Society. Archived from the original on 27 September 2004. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
- ^ "The Tombs of Charles Crocker etal". Central Pacific RR Photographic Museum.
- ^ "Crocker Old People's Home, Pacific Heights, San Francisco, CA". pcad.lib.washington.edu. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
- ^ "Rose Court". Asian Neighborhood Design. Archived from the original on 7 May 2006. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
- ^ a b Longstreth, Richard W. (1983). On the edge of the world : four architects in San Francisco at the turn of the century. New York: Architectural History Foundation. pp. 82–87. ISBN 026212100X. OCLC 9282919.
- ^ a b Longstreth (1983/1998), On the Edge of the World, pp. 6-7
- ^ "San Francisco Ferry Building". San Francisco Ferry Building. Retrieved 2019-07-24.
- ^ Starr, Kevin (17 October 1991). Material Dreams: Southern California Through the 1920s. Oxford University Press US. pp. 275–. ISBN 978-0-19-507260-0. Retrieved 16 August 2011.
- ^ Brown, Mary (September 30, 2010). "San Francisco Modern Architecture and Landscape Design 1935-1970: Historic Context Statement" (PDF). California Office of Historic Preservation. p. 83. Retrieved 16 August 2011.
Further reading edit
- Longstreth, Richard W., "The Patron as Philanthropist: Mrs. Cyrus McCormick and A. Page Brown," Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, October 1974