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Al-Muzayri'a

Summary

Al-Muzayri'a (Arabic: المُزيرعة) was a Palestinian village in the Ramle Subdistrict. It was depopulated in 1948. In 1998 the new Israeli city of El'ad was built over the ruins.

al-Muzayri'a
المُزيرعة
al-Muzeiri'a
Roman mausoleum, converted into a shrine and mosque dedicated to an-Nabi Yahya ("Prophet John").
Roman mausoleum, converted into a shrine and mosque dedicated to an-Nabi Yahya ("Prophet John").
Etymology: El Mezeirảh, The sown lands[1]
1870s map
1940s map
modern map
1940s with modern overlay map
A series of historical maps of the area around Al-Muzayri'a (click the buttons)
al-Muzayri'a is located in Mandatory Palestine
al-Muzayri'a
al-Muzayri'a
Location within Mandatory Palestine
Coordinates: 32°02′57″N 34°56′58″E / 32.04917°N 34.94944°E / 32.04917; 34.94944
Palestine grid145/161
Geopolitical entityMandatory Palestine
SubdistrictRamle
Date of depopulation12 July 1948[4]
Area
[2]
 • Total10,822 dunams (10.822 km2 or 4.178 sq mi)
Population
 (1945)
 • Total1,160[2][3]
Cause(s) of depopulationMilitary assault by Israeli forces
Current LocalitiesMazor[5][6] Nechalim[6] El'ad[7]

Location edit

Al-Muzayri'a was located 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) north-northeast of al-Ramla, on limestone hill, overlooking the coastal plain. A wadi ran along its southern part, and separated it from the village of Qula. The village was about 1 km east of the al-Ramla-Haifa railway line. It was also located to the east of the al-Ramla-Jaffa highway.[6]

History edit

The location has a long history of habitation. A Roman mausoleum, still standing (about 1 km south of the village site), was converted into a mosque dedicated to a prophet, al-Nabi Yahya ("the Prophet John").[when?] About 1 km northeast of the village was Khirbat Zikhrin, a Roman-Byzantine site that was again inhabited during the Mamluk and Ottoman periods. The place has been excavated since 1982.[6]

Ottoman period edit

In 1596, Al-Muzayri'a was part of the Ottoman Empire, nahiya (subdistrict) of Jabel Qubal under the liwa' (district) of Nablus with a population of 7 Muslim households; an estimated population of thirty-nine. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 33,3% on a number of crops, including wheat, barley, and olives, as well as goats, and beehives; a total of 1,300 akçe.[8]

The village was possibly abandoned during the 17th century, only to be reoccupied in the 18th century by a family from Dayr Ghassana, named al-Rumayh.[6]

In 1838 el Muzeiri'ah was among the villages Edward Robinson noted from the top of the White Mosque in Ramla,[9] while A. Mansell mentioned passing the village in the early 1860s.[10]

In 1870, Victor Guérin described the village as sitting on a stony hill, noting that its houses appeared small.[11] An Ottoman village list of about the same year showed that "Mezari" had 68 houses and a population of 234, though the population count included men only. It also noted "a very old temple".[12][13]

In 1882, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it as "an adobe village on the edge of the hills, near Qula".[14]

British Mandate edit

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Muzaira'a had a population of 578, all Muslims,[15] increasing in the 1931 census to 780, still all Muslims, in a total of 186 houses.[16]

In 1919, a school for boys was founded in the village. By 1945, it had become a full-fledged elementary school, with 207 students, including children of the neighboring villages. 35 dunums of land were attached to the school. A school for girls was founded in 1945, and had an initial enrollment of 78 students.[6]

In the 1945 statistics, the village had a population of 1,160, all Muslim,[3] and the total land area was 10,822 dunams.[2] A total of 953 dunums of village land was used for citrus and bananas, 5,895 dunums were used for cereals, 35 dunums were irrigated or used for orchards,[6][17] while 25 dunams were classified as built-up urban areas.[18]

1948 and aftermath edit

Al-Muzayri'a was located in the territory allotted to the Arab state under the 1947 UN Partition Plan.[19] Al-Muzayri was depopulated on 12 July 1948, after a military assault by Israeli forces.[4]

The Israeli moshav of Nehalim was founded in 1949 on the northwestern part of former village land. The moshav of Mazor was founded the same year on the western part of former village land.[6]

The Palestinian historian Walid Khalidi, described the place in 1992: "The site is largely forested. While a few houses remain, most have been reduced to rubble. Cacti and stone terraces are visible on the site."[6]

Gallery edit

  •  
    Mihrab, pointing towards Mecca, in the Roman Mausoleum
  •  
    Al-Muzayri'a 1941 1:20,000
  •  
    Al-Muzayri'a 1945 1:250,000

See also edit

Footnotes edit

  1. ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 239
  2. ^ a b c Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 67
  3. ^ a b Department of Statistics, p. 30
  4. ^ a b Morris, 2004, p. xviii, village 210
  5. ^ Morris, 2004, p xxii, settlement # 98
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i Khalidi, 1992, p. 399
  7. ^ Jakoel, 2017, Elʽad
  8. ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 136. Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 399
  9. ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 3, p. 30
  10. ^ Mansell, 1863, p.39. Cited in Khalidi, 1992, p.399
  11. ^ Guérin, 1875, p. 390
  12. ^ Socin, 1879, p. 157
  13. ^ Hartmann, 1883, p. 138, noted 67 houses
  14. ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 297
  15. ^ Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Ramleh, p. 22
  16. ^ Mills, 1932, p. 22.
  17. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 116
  18. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 166
  19. ^ "Map of UN Partition Plan". United Nations. Archived from the original on 7 August 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2009.

Bibliography edit

  • 'Ad, Uzi (5 October 2008). "El'ad (Mazor) Final Report" (120). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 9 April 2009. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  • Barron, J.B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
  • Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1882). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 2. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Dagan, Yehuda (2 August 2006). "Mazor (East) Final Report" (118). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel. Archived from the original on 15 December 2007. Retrieved 9 April 2009. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  • Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945. Government of Palestine.
  • Guérin, V. (1875). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 2: Samarie, pt. 2. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
  • Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center. Archived from the original on 8 December 2018. Retrieved 4 August 2009.
  • Hillel, Gili (4 December 2008). "Mazor (El'ad) Final Report" (120). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 9 April 2009. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  • Hartmann, M. (1883). "Die Ortschaftenliste des Liwa Jerusalem in dem türkischen Staatskalender für Syrien auf das Jahr 1288 der Flucht (1871)". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 6: 102–149.
  • Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
  • Jakoel, Eriola (9 May 2017). "Elʽad" (129). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  • Kanias, Tzach (2 April 2008). "Mazor, East Final Report" (120). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 9 April 2009. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  • Khalidi, W. (1992). All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Washington D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies. ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
  • Mansell, A. L. (1863): "A Surveying Trip through the Holy Land." The Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle. January Issue:36–40. Cited in Khalidi, 1992.
  • Milevski, Ianir (16 August 2007). "Mazor Final Report" (119). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel. Archived from the original on 15 December 2007. Retrieved 9 April 2009. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) ("c. 180 m west of the mausoleum and east of the hill where a Muslim cemetery is located")
  • Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
  • Morris, B. (2004). The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00967-6.
  • Nagorsky, Alla (2 August 2006). "Mazor Final Report" (118). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel. Archived from the original on 16 December 2007. Retrieved 9 April 2009. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  • Palmer, E.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
  • Socin, A. (1879). "Alphabetisches Verzeichniss von Ortschaften des Paschalik Jerusalem". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 2: 135–163.
  • Taxel, Itamar (15 November 2006). "Mazor Final Report" (118). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel. Archived from the original on 15 December 2007. Retrieved 9 April 2009. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

External links edit

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