Summary
The Ambassador MK III fast missile craft or Ezzat class is a small warship built by VT Halter Marine for the Egyptian Navy. Four ships were planned at a total cost of US$1.290b; the first, S. Ezzat, was handed over in November 2013 and the remainder were scheduled to follow in 2013-14. Egypt already operated Halter's Ambassador design as a patrol boat for their Coast Guard fleet, and chose a variant of the design with reduced radar cross-section as the basis for a large modern missile boat. Its design was conducted with the assistance of Lockheed Martin.[9]
| |
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name | Ambassador MK III |
| Builders | VT Halter Marine[2] |
| Operators |  Egyptian Navy |
| Cost | |
| Built | 2008–2013 |
| In commission | 2013– |
| Planned | 4[2] |
| Active | 4 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Missile boat |
| Displacement | 600 tons [3] |
| Length | 63 m (206 ft 8 in) [5] |
| Beam | 10 m (32 ft 10 in) |
| Draft | 2 m (6 ft 7 in) |
| Installed power | 4× MTU diesels,[8] 30,000 hp (22 MW) |
| Propulsion | 4 shafts[4] |
| Speed | 41 knots (76 km/h)[7] |
| Range | 2,000 nmi (3,700 km; 2,300 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) |
| Endurance | 8 days at sea |
| Complement | 36 (8 officers, 10 chief petty officers, and 18 ratings), 38[6] |
| Sensors and processing systems | |
| Electronic warfare & decoys | |
| Armament |
|
Background edit
The Egyptian Navy has used fast missile boats to patrol its coastline and defend the entrances to the strategic Suez Canal since the Soviet Union transferred Komar-class missile boats in 1962-67[10] and Osa-class missile boats in 1966-68.[11] Their success in sinking the Israeli destroyer Eilat in 1967 and other targets led to the Egyptians acquiring fast attack craft from Europe and China, but the last were acquired in 1982 and by the late 1990s replacements were needed.
New design edit
On 7 August 2004 the Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) notified the sale of three fast missile craft to Egypt for US$565m[1] under a U.S. Navy Foreign Military Sales program managed by the U.S. Navy's Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA).[8] A contract was expected to be signed by the end of that year, but industry sources indicate that the program remained in limbo over technical questions that were not resolved until a meeting in Alexandria in January 2005. Phase I began in December 2005, when VT Halter Marine signed a USD 28.8m contract with the US Department of Defense to develop a functional design for a fast missile craft for the Egyptian Navy. This was a new design,[11] sometimes referred to as the Ambassador Mk IV design. Under this phase, VT Halter Marine conducted analytical, design, engineering and model testing for the craft. The effort included preparation for the integration of C4ISR as well as a combat system effectiveness study to validate the system requirements of the vessel. The first phase was completed in December 2006.[2]
On 7 September 2008, the DSCA reported that the budget for three ships had increased to US$1.050 billion[1] and construction finally began in November 2009.[8] On 17 December 2009 the DSCA announced that a fourth vessel would be procured for an additional US$240m, increasing the program cost to US$1.290 billion.[1][12] In May 2010, the Egyptian Navy was in discussions for the procurement of two additional units (five and six). These units could begin around 2014.[2]
Service history edit
In a ceremony on 25 October 2011, the four vessels had been named as S. Ezzat (named after the Commander in chief Admiral Soliman Ezzat, served between 1953 and 1967),[4] F. Zekry, M. Fahmy and A. Gad.[8] S. Ezzat was laid down on 7 April 2011 and launched in October 2011 and was handed over to the Egyptian Navy on 19 November 2013.[13] F. Zekry was handed over in December.[6][14][15]
On 17 June 2015, the US delivered the remaining two vessels M. Fahmy and A. Gad, on board a U.S. transport ship, to the port of Alexandria.[16] The officers have been under instruction at Pensacola since July 2013, and crew training started in July 2014.[6]
The S. Ezzat class participated in many naval exercises with French, Russian and Hellenic Navy and other national and international exercises.
Members of the class participated in the Yemen Civil War as a part of Saudi-led coalition. The S. Ezzat class was one of four Egyptian warships that sailed on 26 March 2015 through the Suez Canal en route to Yemen to support a Saudi-led operation against anti-government rebels. Warships from a Red Sea base had moved to the Gulf of Aden to secure the regional waters and bab el mandeb strait[17]
List of units edit
| Hull number | Name | Commissioned | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 682 | S. Ezzat | 19 November 2013 | Active[18] |
| 684 | F. Zekry | 2013 | Active[18] |
| 686 | M. Fahmy | 2015 | Active[18] |
| 688 | A. Gad | 2015 | Active[18] |
References edit
- ^ a b c d e "Egypt – Fast Missile Craft" (PDF). Defense Security Cooperation Agency. 18 December 2009. Retrieved 25 September 2015.
- ^ a b c d e "Egypt - Future Fast Missile Craft (FAC)". AMI International. Archived from the original on 2013-05-22. Retrieved 2013-09-06.
- ^ "ENS S. Ezzat". Archived from the original on 2016-04-06. Retrieved 2016-04-09.
- ^ "ENS S. Ezzat".
- ^ a b c Cavas, Christopher (19 November 2013). "Egypt Receives 1st US-Built Missile Craft". Archived from the original on November 20, 2013. Retrieved 2013-11-21.
- ^ Baker, A. D. (2001). "World Navies in Review". Subsim. Retrieved 2013-09-06.
- ^ a b c d Cavas, Christopher (26 October 2011). "New Missile Craft for Egypt Delivered". Defense News. Archived from the original on October 4, 2013.
- ^ Lake, Darren (11 January 2001). "Egyptian Navy orders four Ambassador MK III PCFGs". Janes Defence Weekly. Archived from the original on 2001-08-15.
- ^ Polmar, Norman (1991). The Naval Institute Guide to the Soviet Navy. Naval Institute Press. p. 465. ISBN 9780870212413.
- ^ a b Wertheim, Eric (2007). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World: Their Ships, Aircraft, and Systems. Naval Institute Press. pp. 173–4. ISBN 9781591149552.
- ^ Rosamond, Jon (22 February 2010). "Middle East splashes cash on US, European designs". Defense and Security Intelligence and Analysis: IHS Jane's. Archived from the original on 2012-08-17.
- ^ Tringham, Kate (21 November 2013). "Egypt receives first missile craft". IHS Jane's 360. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
- ^ Binnie, Jeremy (26 May 2014). "Ambassador IV missile craft bound for Egypt". IHS jane's 360. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
- ^ "USA Delivered the Last Two Ambassador MK III Fast Missile Craft (Ezzat Class) to Egyptian Navy". 25 June 2015.
- ^ "United States Provides Fast Missile Craft to Egyptian Navy". egypt.usembassy.gov. 22 June 2015. Archived from the original on 2015-06-22. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
- ^ "Four Egyptian warships en route to Gulf of Aden - Politics - Egypt - Ahram Online". english.ahram.org.eg. Retrieved 2016-04-12.
- ^ a b c d "Ezzat Class (Ambassador MK III)". Qualitative Military Edge. Foundation for Defense of Democracies. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
External links edit
- Image from amiinter.com