Amos 4 is the fourth chapter of the Book of Amos in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.[1][2] In the Hebrew Bible it is a part of the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets.[3][4] This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Amos, especially the denunciation of Israel's nobles as Israel is reproved for oppression, Amos 4:1–3, for idolatry, Amos 4:4,5, and for their incorrigibleness, Amos 4:6–13.[5] Jennifer Dines treats Amos 3:1-5:17 as a single literary unit,[6] whereas John Nelson Darby treats each chapter, except for chapters 1 and 2, as "a distinct prophecy".[7]
Amos 4 | |
---|---|
Book | Book of Amos |
Category | Nevi'im |
Christian Bible part | Old Testament |
Order in the Christian part | 30 |
The original text was written in Hebrew. This chapter is divided into 13 verses. Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).[8]
Fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls including 4Q78 (4QXIIc; 75–50 BCE) with extant verses 1–2;[9][10][11] and 4Q82 (4QXIIg; 25 BCE) with extant verses 4–9.[9][10][12]
There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; Q; 6th century).[13][a]
Where the LORD swears by "his holiness", the outcome is inevitable, but not the timing.[6]