Summary
At-Tur (Arabic: الطور, Hebrew: א-טור; lit. "The Mount" in Arabic[1]) is an Arab-majority neighborhood on the Mount of Olives approximately 1 km east of the Old City of Jerusalem. At-Tur is situated in East Jerusalem,[2] occupied and later effectively annexed by Israel after the Six-Day War in 1967.
History edit
The Chapel of the Ascension is located in At-Tur. Located on the Mount of Olives, the chapel is part of a larger complex consisting first of a Christian church and monastery, then an Islamic mosque. It is located on a site which the Christian faithful traditionally believe to be the earthly spot where Jesus ascended into Heaven forty days after his resurrection.
Ottoman era edit
In 1596, the village appeared as Tur Zayta in Ottoman tax registers as being in the Nahiya of Quds of the Liwa of Quds. It had a population of 48 households and 8 bachelors, all Muslim, and paid taxes on wheat, barley, vines or fruit trees, and goats or beehives, a total of 3,200 akçe.[3]
In 1838, in the Biblical Researches in Palestine, it was noted as a Muslim village, located in el-Wadiyeh’ district, east of Jerusalem.[4][5]
An Ottoman village list of about 1870 counted 38 houses and a population of 127, though the population count included only men. It was described as a village on the Mount of Olives.[6][7]
In 1883, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described At-Tur as "a small straggling village on the top of Olivet. The houses are built of stone, but low and mean. The church of the Ascension, now a mosque, stands towards the west at the brow of the hill."[8]
In 1896 the population of Et-tur was estimated to be about 474 persons.[9]
British Mandate era edit
In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, At Tur had a population 1,037; 806 Muslims and 231 Christians,[10] increasing in the 1931 census to 2,090; 12 Jews, 253 Christians and 1,825 Muslims, in 400 houses.[11]
In the 1945 statistics the population of Et Tur was 2,770; 2,380 Muslims and 390 Christians,[12] who owned 8,808 dunams of land according to an official land and population survey.[13] 228 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 2,838 for cereals,[14] while 86 dunams were built-up (urban) land.[15]
Jordanian era edit
After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, At-Tur came under Jordanian rule.
The Jordanian census of 1961 found 4,289 inhabitants in At-Tur,[16] of whom 686 were Christian.[17]
Post-1967 edit
During the 1967 Six-Day War, At-Tur came under Israeli occupation, remaining so after the war.
At-Tur has a population of 18,150, mostly Israeli Jews, as well as Muslims and a small Christian minority. Landmarks in At-Tur include the Augusta Victoria Hospital, the Church and Convent of Pater Noster, where the Lord's Prayer is inscribed in 110 languages,[18][19] and the Seven Arches Hotel.[20]
The Al-Makassed Islamic Charitable Hospital, a 250-bed medical facility with in-patient and out-patient services is located in At-Tur.[21]
Jewish Israelis have been buying properties in the neighbourhood and have been resettling the Mount of Olives at a growing rate.
On Friday, 24 April 2015, a 16-year-old resident of at-Tur was shot dead by Israeli soldiers at the Az-Zaim checkpoint. The police said he attacked with a knife, but his family denied this.[22]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 330
- ^ "Building and Infrastructure Development in East Jerusalem" (Press release). Municipality of Jerusalem. 3 March 1997. Retrieved 2007-06-02.
- ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 118
- ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 3, 2nd appendix, p. 122
- ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 2, pp. 347, 405, 565
- ^ Socin, 1879, p. 162 It was also noted to be in the el-wadije district.
- ^ Hartmann, 1883, p. 124 also noted 38 houses
- ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, p. 30
- ^ Schick, 1896, p. 121
- ^ Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Jerusalem, p. 14
- ^ Mills, 1932, p. 44
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 25
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 58
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 104
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945; quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 154
- ^ Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 13
- ^ Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, pp. 115-116
- ^ The Pater Noster Church on the Mount of Olives Archived July 10, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, netours.com; accessed 24 November 2014.
- ^ Church of the Pater Noster (Jerusalem), sacred-destinations.com; accessed 24 November 2014.
- ^ Seven Arches Hotel profile[permanent dead link], jerusalemfoundation.org; accessed 24 November 2014.
- ^ Al-Makassed Hospital profile Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine, biojerusalem.org.il; accessed 24 November 2014.
- ^ Hasson, Nir; Reuters (2015-04-25). "Palestinian Tries to Stab Police Officers in Jerusalem and Is Shot Dead, Police Says". Haaretz. Retrieved 2017-03-27.
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Bibliography edit
- Barron, J.B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
- Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1883). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 3. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics (1964). First Census of Population and Housing. Volume I: Final Tables; General Characteristics of the Population (PDF).
- Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945.
- Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center.
- Hartmann, M. (1883). "Die Ortschaftenliste des Liwa Jerusalem in dem türkischen Staatskalender für Syrien auf das Jahr 1288 der Flucht (1871)". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 6: 102–149.
- Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
- Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
- Palmer, E.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 1. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
- Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
- Schick, C. (1896). "Zur Einwohnerzahl des Bezirks Jerusalem". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 19: 120–127.
- Socin, A. (1879). "Alphabetisches Verzeichniss von Ortschaften des Paschalik Jerusalem". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 2: 135–163.
External links edit
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 17: IAA, Wikimedia commons
- Silwan & Ath Thuri (Fact Sheet), Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem (ARIJ)
- Ath Thuri and Silwan aerial photo, ARIJ
- Locality Development Priorities and Needs in Silwan & Ath Thuri, ARIJ
31°46′49″N 35°14′47″E / 31.78028°N 35.24639°E