Babcock is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Alpheus Babcock (1785–1842), American piano and musical instrument maker
• Audrey Babcock American operatic mezzo-soprano
• Barbara Babcock (born 1937), American actress
• Betty Lee Babcock (1922–2013), American businesswoman and politician
• Brad Babcock (1939–2020), American college baseball coach
• Brenton D. Babcock (1830–1906), mayor of Cleveland, Ohio
• Charlie Babcock (born 1979), American actor
• Chip Babcock (born 1949), American attorney
• Christine Babcock, American runner
• Courtney Babcock (born 1972), Canadian runner
• Edward V. Babcock (1864–1948), mayor of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
• E. B. Babcock (1877–1954), American plant geneticist
• Elnora Monroe Babcock (1852–1934), American suffragist, press chair
• Emma Whitcomb Babcock (1849–1926), American litterateur, author
• Erin Babcock (1981–2020), Canadian politician
• Ezekiel Babcock (1828–1905), American farmer and politician
• Jasper Babcock (1821–1896), American politician
• Laura Babcock (1988/89–2012), Canadian murder victim who was murdered by Dellen Millard and Mark Smich
• George Herman Babcock (1832–1893), American inventor
• Harold D. Babcock (1882–1968), American astronomer
• Havilah Babcock (1837–1905), American businessman
• Horace W. Babcock (1912–2003), American astronomer
• Ira Babcock (1808–1888), American pioneer and judge
• John Babcock (1900–2010), last surviving Canadian World War I veteran
• John C. Babcock (1836–1908), rowing pioneer and American Civil War spy
• Joseph Park Babcock (1893–1949), American Mahjong promoter
• Joseph Weeks Babcock (1850–1909), Wisconsin member of the U.S. House of Representatives
• Lorenzo A. Babcock, first attorney general of Minnesota Territory
• Mabel Keyes Babcock, American landscape architect
• Maud Babcock (1867–1954), American educator
• Mike Babcock (born 1963), Canadian hockey head coach and former player
• Orville E. Babcock (1835–1884), American Civil War general
• Rob Babcock, (c. 1953–2019), former general manager of the Toronto Raptors NBA basketball team
• Roscoe Lloyd Babcock, (1897–1981) California artist
• Sam Babcock (1901–1970), American football player
• Shelby Babcock (born 1992), American softball player
• Stanton Babcock (1904–1979), American equestrian
• Stefan Babcock (born 1988), vocalist and guitarist for PUP
• Stephen Moulton Babcock (1843–1931), American agricultural chemist
• Tim Babcock (1919–2015), governor of Montana
• Vearne Clifton Babcock (1887–1972), American aeronautical engineer
• Warren Babcock (1866–1913), American politician and educator
• Wendy Babcock (1979–2011), Canadian activist for the rights of sex workers