Although most beer is brewed using cereal grains—most commonly malted barley—as a source of starch sugars, it can also be made from bread.^[1]

Beers made from bread include Sahti in Finland, Kvass in Russia and Ukraine, and Bouza in Egypt^[2] and Sudan.

In several countries, 'Toast Ale' is made—in a range of styles—from surplus bread from the catering trade, as part of a campaign to reduce food waste.^[3][4] The recipe is open source.^[1] Inspired by this,^[1] Adnams brewed a range of three beers exclusively for Marks & Spencer in 2018, using leftover bread from the store's sandwich suppliers. All the waste bread was then used as animal feed.^[1]