Summary
Kül Bilge Qadır Khan (Chinese: 阙毗伽·卡迪尔汗; pinyin: Quēpíjiākǎdíěrhàn; Uyghur: بىلگە كۆل قادىرخان) or Bilge Kul Qara Khan[1] was the first known ruler of the Karakhanids.[2]
| Kül Bilge Qadır Khan | |
|---|---|
| Khagan of Karakhanids | |
| Reign | 840 – ? |
| Successor | Bazir Arslan Khan |
| Died | Unknown |
| Issue | Oghulcak Khan Bazir Arslan Khan |
| House | Karakhanid dynasty |
| Religion | Tengrism |
Tribal affinity edit
There are different theories on the tribal identity of Bilge Kul khagan. According to Western[citation needed] and Kazakh historiographies, he was a ruler of Isfijab, a descendant of the Karluk yabghu.[3] Alternatively, he was from the Edgish tribe, a part of the Chigils[4][5] or a Yagma. According to Pritsak, he claimed the title "Khaqan" after the fall of Uyghur khaganate since he was from the Ashina dynasty.[6][7][8][9] However, Wei Liangtao claims that he was, in fact, Pang Tegin, a ruler of remnants of the Uyghur ruling dynasty in Khotan.[10] Qian Baiquan doubted that.[11]
References edit
- ^ Bartolʹd, V. V. (1998). Ti︠u︡rki : dvenadt︠s︡atʹ lekt︠s︡iĭ po istorii turet︠s︡kikh narodov Sredneĭ Azii. Almaty: Zhalyn. ISBN 978-5610011455. OCLC 47047380.
- ^ Jamal al-Qarshi, Muhammad ibn 'Umar; Jawhar, Isml ibn ammd (1869). Al-Surah min al-Sihah. Robarts - University of Toronto. Kashzhar.
- ^ "Karluk Yabghu State (756-940)" Qazaqstan Tarihy. quote: "In 840, in the Central Asian steppes an important event occurred. The Yenisei Kyrgyz invasion destroyed the Uighur Khaganate, forcing the Uighurs to flee to Turfan oasis and to Gansu [original article mistakenly has Guangzhou]. The Karluk Djabgu and the ruler of Isfijab, Bilge Kul Qadeer-Khan, took advantage of the situation and proclaimed himself as a sovereign ruler and assumed a new title of Khagan."
- ^ Kochnev, Boris Dmitrievich (2006). Numizmaticheskai︠a︡ istorii︠a︡ Karakhanidskogo kaganata, 991-1209 gg. Nastich, V. N. Moskva: Sofii︠a︡. ISBN 978-5955005546. OCLC 127918156.
- ^ O., Karaev (1983). Istorii︠a︡ karakhanidskogo kaganata : X-nachalo XIII vv. Izd-vo "Ilim. OCLC 299764682.
- ^ Sinor, Denis; Dénes, Sinor (1990). The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia. Cambridge University Press. p. 351. ISBN 9780521243049.
- ^ Findley, Carter V. (2005). The Turks in World History. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 75. ISBN 9780195177268.
- ^ Pritsak, Omeljan (1953). "Die Karachaniden". Der Islam. 31 (1). doi:10.1515/islm.1953.31.1.17. ISSN 0021-1818. S2CID 201849645.
- ^ Kli︠a︡shtornyĭ, S. G. (2004). Gosudarstva i narody Evraziĭskikh stepeĭ : drevnostʹ i srednevekovʹe. Peterburgskoe Vostokovedenie. Sultanov, T. I. (Tursun Ikramovich) (2-e izd., isprav. i dop ed.). Sankt-Peterburg
- ^ Wei, Liangtiao (1982). "About the History of the Karahan Dynasty, Literature and Research (关于喀喇汗王朝的史科, 文献及研究情况)". Academic Journal of Xinjiang University. 1: 43–55.
- ^ Qian, Baiquan (1982). "Was the Karakhanid dynasty established by Pang Tegin? The problems of the westwards movement of Uygurs and Pang Tegin. (喀喇汗王朝是庞特勤创建的吗 ? 回鹘西迁和庞特勤问题)". Studies on Northwestern Ethnic Minorities. 2.