Summary
Bolshoy Kamen (Russian: Большой Камень, IPA: [bɐlʲˈʂoj ˈkamʲɪnʲ], lit. large stone) is a town in the south of Primorsky Krai, Russia, located on the opposite side of the Ussuri Bay as seen from Lazurnaya Bay from Vladivostok. The town was closed due to its naval base and the Zvezda shipyard, but this status was revoked as from 1 January 2015.[7] Population: 39,257 (2010 Census);[2] 38,394 (2002 Census);[8] 65,621 (1989 Census).[9]
Bolshoy Kamen
Большой Камень | |
|---|---|
 View of the town in February 2012 | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
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| Coordinates: 43°07′N 132°21′E / 43.117°N 132.350°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Primorsky Krai[1] |
| Founded | 1947 |
| Town status since | 31 August 1989 |
| Elevation | 50 m (160 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 39,257 |
| • Estimate (2018)[3] | 38,042 (−3.1%) |
| • Subordinated to | Bolshoy Kamen Town Under Krai Jurisdiction[1] |
| • Capital of | Bolshoy Kamen Town Under Krai Jurisdiction[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Bolshoy Kamen Urban Okrug[4] |
| • Capital of | Bolshoy Kamen Urban Okrug[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+10 (MSK+7  [5]) |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 692801–692804, 692806, 692809, 692812 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 42335 |
| OKTMO ID | 05706000001 |
| Website | www |
History edit
Bolshoy Kamen began as a naval support base in 1947 and was granted urban-type settlement status in 1956, followed by town status on 31 August 1989.[citation needed] During the Soviet era, the town's nature as a naval base saw it designated as closed. This status was revoked in 1989, with plans for a civilian harbor in the town; however, these plans were later cancelled and the town was closed again in 1996. As of 1 January 2015 the closed status was once again revoked.[7]
Administrative and municipal status edit
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with two rural localities, incorporated as Bolshoy Kamen Town Under Krai Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Bolshoy Kamen Town Under Krai Jurisdiction is incorporated as Bolshoy Kamen Urban Okrug.[4]
Economy edit
Bolshoy Kamen is a monotown mostly specialized in engineering. Shipbuilding and repair works together with food industry and construction constitutes the basis of its economy. A large proportion of the town's population left during the 1990s, as the ship repair facilities operated almost at a standstill after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Most of the town's population is employed in the repair and construction of nuclear submarines. There are three banks and seven joint-venture companies, specializing in ships, shipping, and sea-fishing.
The town is connected with Vladivostok by road and by railway and is connected by a goods rail line to the Trans-Siberian Railway. Although the town is only around 40 kilometers (25 mi) in a straight line to Vladivostok, the road connection is about 130 kilometers (81 mi) around the coast.
There are plans to expand and redevelop the Zvezda shipyard.[10]
Climate edit
| Climate data for Bolshoy Kamen | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −7.8 (18.0) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
2.4 (36.3) |
9.9 (49.8) |
15.3 (59.5) |
17.8 (64.0) |
22.1 (71.8) |
24.3 (75.7) |
20.6 (69.1) |
14.0 (57.2) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
9.5 (49.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −11.7 (10.9) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
5.5 (41.9) |
10.7 (51.3) |
14.3 (57.7) |
18.8 (65.8) |
21.1 (70.0) |
16.8 (62.2) |
9.8 (49.6) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
5.6 (42.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −15.6 (3.9) |
−12.8 (9.0) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
1.2 (34.2) |
6.1 (43.0) |
10.8 (51.4) |
15.6 (60.1) |
17.9 (64.2) |
13.0 (55.4) |
5.6 (42.1) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
−11.9 (10.6) |
1.7 (35.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 12 (0.5) |
16 (0.6) |
23 (0.9) |
47 (1.9) |
64 (2.5) |
90 (3.5) |
104 (4.1) |
136 (5.4) |
115 (4.5) |
62 (2.4) |
34 (1.3) |
19 (0.7) |
722 (28.3) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org [11] | |||||||||||||
References edit
- ^ a b c d e Law #161-KZ
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Error: Unable to display the reference properly. See the documentation for details.
- ^ a b c Law #538-KZ
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ a b Decree #602
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ "Russian energy majors could take over shipyard project". The Motorship. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
- ^ "Climate: Bolshoy Kamen". Retrieved March 24, 2018.
Sources edit
- Законодательное Собрание Приморского края. Закон №161-КЗ от 14 ноября 2001 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Приморского края», в ред. Закона №673-КЗ от 6 октября 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Приморского края "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Приморского края"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красное знамя Приморья", №69 (119), 29 ноября 2001 г. (Legislative Assembly of Primorsky Krai. Law #161-KZ of November 14, 2001 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Primorsky Krai, as amended by the Law #673-KZ of October 6, 2015 On Amending the Law of Primorsky Krai "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Primorsky Krai". Effective as of the official publication date.).
- Законодательное Собрание Приморского края. Закон №538-КЗ от 26 декабря 2014 г. «О городском округе Большой Камень». Вступил в силу 1 января 2015 г. Опубликован: "Ведомости Законодательного Собрания Приморского края", №103, с. 98–102, 29 декабря 2014 г. (Legislative Assembly of Primorsky Krai. Law #538-KZ of December 26, 2014 On Bolshoy Kamen Urban Okrug. Effective as of January 1, 2015.).
- Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №602 от 1 сентября 2014 г. «Об упразднении закрытого административно-территориального образования — города Большой Камень Приморского края». Вступил в силу со дня подписания. Опубликован: Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации http://www.pravo.gov.ru, 2 сентября 2014 г.. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #602 of September 1, 2014 On Abolishing a Closed Administrative-Territorial Formation—the Town of Bolshoy Kamen in Primorsky Krai. Effective as of the day of signing.).
External links edit
- Official website of Bolshoy_Kamen (in Russian)
- Bolshoy_Kamen Business Directory (in Russian)