Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial is an enzyme in humans that is a subunit of the cytochrome c oxidase complex, also known as Complex IV, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain.[2] In humans, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B is encoded by the COX5B gene.
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb | |||||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||||
Symbol | COX5B | ||||||||||
Pfam | PF01215 | ||||||||||
InterPro | IPR002124 | ||||||||||
PROSITE | PDOC00663 | ||||||||||
SCOP2 | 1occ / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||||
OPM superfamily | 4 | ||||||||||
OPM protein | 1v55 | ||||||||||
CDD | cd00924 | ||||||||||
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The enzyme weighs 14 kDa and is composed of 129 amino acids.[3][4] The protein is a subunit of Complex IV, which consists of 13 mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded subunits.[2] The sequence of subunit Vb is well conserved and includes three conserved cysteines that coordinate the zinc ion.[5][6] Two of these cysteines are clustered in the C-terminal section of the subunit.
COX5B | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aliases | COX5B, cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb, COXVB, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External IDs | OMIM: 123866 HomoloGene: 37538 GeneCards: COX5B | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The COX5B gene, located on the q arm of chromosome 2 in position 11.2, is made up of 4 exons and is 2,137 base pairs in length.[2]
Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It is a multi-subunit enzyme complex that couples the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen and contributes to a proton electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane to drive ATP synthesis via protonmotive force. The mitochondrially-encoded subunits perform the electron transfer of proton pumping activities. The functions of the nuclear-encoded subunits are unknown but they may play a role in the regulation and assembly of the complex.[2]
Summary reaction:
COX5A and COX5B are involved in the regulation of cancer cell metabolism by Bcl-2.[10]
The Trans-activator of transcription protein (Tat) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) inhibits cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity in permeabilized mitochondria isolated from both mouse and human liver, heart, and brain samples.[11]
COX5B has been shown to interact with Androgen receptor.[12]
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This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.