Campephilus is a genus of large American woodpeckers in the family Picidae.[2]
Campephilus | |
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Pale-billed woodpecker (Campephilus guatemalensis) | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Piciformes |
Family: | Picidae |
Tribe: | Campephilini |
Genus: | Campephilus G.R. Gray, 1840 |
Type species | |
Picus principalis[1] Linnaeus, 1758
| |
Species | |
see text |
The genus Campephilus was introduced by English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1840, with the ivory-billed woodpecker (Campephilus principalis) as the type species.[3] The genus name combines the Ancient Greek kampē meaning "caterpillar" and philos meaning "loving".[4] The genus is placed in the tribe Campephilini in the subfamily Picinae and is sister to a clade containing woodpeckers from Southeast Asia in the genera Chrysocolaptes, Blythipicus, and Reinwardtipicus.[5]
The genus contains 12 species:[6]
Image | Common Name | Scientific name | Distribution |
---|---|---|---|
Powerful woodpecker | Campephilus pollens | Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela | |
Splendid woodpecker | Campephilus splendens | Panama, western Colombia and northwestern Ecuador | |
Crimson-bellied woodpecker | Campephilus haematogaster | Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. | |
Red-necked woodpecker | Campephilus rubricollis | Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. | |
Robust woodpecker | Campephilus robustus | Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. | |
Crimson-crested woodpecker | Campephilus melanoleucos | Panama south to northern border regions of Argentina, and on Trinidad. | |
Guayaquil woodpecker | Campephilus gayaquilensis | southern Colombia, Ecuador and northern Peru. | |
Pale-billed woodpecker | Campephilus guatemalensis | northern Mexico to western Panama. | |
Cream-backed woodpecker | Campephilus leucopogon | Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and far northwestern Uruguay. | |
Magellanic woodpecker | Campephilus magellanicus | southern Chile and southwestern Argentina | |
Ivory-billed woodpecker | Campephilus principalis – possibly extinct (1987) | Southern United States and Cuba. | |
Imperial woodpecker | Campephilus imperialis – probably extinct (1956) | Mexico. |
A fossil species, C. dalquesti, was described from bones found in Late Pleistocene deposits of Scurry County, Texas.