Capital participation (sometimes also called equity participation^[1] or equity interest^[2]) is a form of equity sharing not restricted to housing, in which a company, infrastructure, property or business is shared between different parties.^[3][4] Shareholders invest in a business for profit maximization and cost savings, e.g., through tax deduction. A visible and controversial form of capital participation can be found in public-private partnerships in which the private sector invests in public projects and usually receive a time-limited concession for ownership or operation to make profits from the acquired property.