Carbonate mineral

Summary

Carbonate minerals are those minerals containing the carbonate ion, CO2−
3
.

Calcite crystals from the Sweetwater Mine, Viburnum Trend District, Reynolds County, Missouri; 6.2 × 6 × 3.3 cm

Carbonate divisions

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Anhydrous carbonates

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Rhodochrosite, Sweet Home Mine, Alma, Colorado; 5.2 × 4.2 × 2.3 cm
 
Smithsonite, Silver Bill Mine, Dragoon Mts, Cochise County, Arizona; 4.8 × 4.1 × 2.4 cm

Anhydrous carbonates with compound formulas

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Dolomite with calcite and chalcopyrite from the Picher Field, Tri-State district, Cherokee County, Kansas; 12.0 × 9.7 × 4.3 cm

Carbonates with hydroxyl or halogen

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Azurite and malachite, Beaver Dam Mts, Washington County, Utah; 5.1 × 3.9 × 2.4 cm

Hydrated carbonates

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The carbonate class in both the Dana and the Strunz classification systems include the nitrates.[1][2]

Nickel–Strunz classification -05- carbonates

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Hanksite, Na22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl, one of the few minerals that is considered a carbonate and a sulfate
 
Photomicrographs of a thin section containing carbonate vein in mica rich rock. In cross-polarized light on left, plane-polarized light on right.

IMA-CNMNC proposes a new hierarchical scheme (Mills et al., 2009).[3] This list uses the classification of Nickel–Strunz (mindat.org, 10 ed, pending publication).[2]

  • Abbreviations:
    • "*" – discredited (IMA/CNMNC status).
    • "?" – questionable/doubtful (IMA/CNMNC status).
    • "REE" – Rare-earth element (Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu)
    • "PGE" – Platinum-group element (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt)
    • 03.C Aluminofluorides, 06 Borates, 08 Vanadates (04.H V[5,6] Vanadates), 09 Silicates:
      • Neso: insular (from Greek νησος nēsos, island)
      • Soro: grouping (from Greek σωροῦ sōros, heap, mound (especially of corn))
      • Cyclo: ring
      • Ino: chain (from Greek ις [genitive: ινος inos], fibre)
      • Phyllo: sheet (from Greek φύλλον phyllon, leaf)
      • Tekto: three-dimensional framework
  • Nickel–Strunz code scheme: NN.XY.##x
    • NN: Nickel–Strunz mineral class number
    • X: Nickel–Strunz mineral division letter
    • Y: Nickel–Strunz mineral family letter
    • ##x: Nickel–Strunz mineral/group number, x add-on letter

Class: carbonates

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References

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  1. ^ Dana Classification on Webmineral.
  2. ^ a b Strunz Classification on Webmineral.
  3. ^ Stuart J. Mills; Frédéric Hatert; Ernest H. Nickel; Giovanni Ferraris (2009). "The standardisation of mineral group hierarchies: application to recent nomenclature proposals" (PDF). Eur. J. Mineral. 21 (5): 1073–1080. Bibcode:2009EJMin..21.1073M. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-1994. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-02-17. Retrieved 2011-01-26.
  • Hurlbut, Cornelius S.; Klein, Cornelis, 1985, Manual of Mineralogy, 20th ed., ISBN 0-471-80580-7
  • Ernest H. Nickel; Monte C. Nichols (March 2009). "IMA-CNMNC List of Mineral Names" (PDF). IMA-CNMNC. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-20. Retrieved 2011-01-26.
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  •   Media related to Carbonates (minerals) at Wikimedia Commons