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Champlain River

Summary

The Champlain River flow on the north shore of St. Lawrence river, between Saint-Maurice River and the Batiscan River watershed, in Les Chenaux Regional County Municipality, in Mauricie administrative region, in the province of Quebec, Canada.

Champlain River
Route St-Marie, Champlain
Location
Country Canada
Province Quebec
RegionMauricie
Physical characteristics
SourceBrook
 • locationSaint-Maurice, Les Chenaux Regional County Municipality
 • coordinates46°26′49″N 72°16′52″W / 46.44694°N 72.28111°W / 46.44694; -72.28111
 • elevation59 m (194 ft)
MouthSt Lawrence River
 • location
Champlain, Mauricie administrative region
 • coordinates
46°26′49″N 72°16′55″W / 46.44694°N 72.28194°W / 46.44694; -72.28194
 • elevation
5 m (16 ft)
Length68 kilometres (42 mi)
Basin features
Tributaries 
 • leftRuisseau Picardie
ruisseau des Prairies
Noire River (Champlain River)
Rivière au Lard
Rivière Brûlée
ruisseau Barome,
ruisseau Martin
 • rightRuisseau des Plaines
ruisseau de la Racine Salée,
cours d'eau Laborde
cours d'eau Clermont-Leblanc
cours d'eau Grandmont-Pintal
ruisseau de Rouille
ruisseau Pronovost
cours d'eau Normandin
ruisseau Beaudoin

Hydrography edit

The Champlain River has its source in the western part of the basin, by the flow of water from the moraine that flows towards Lake Morin in Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel. Its route totals 68 km and ends in the St. Lawrence River, 4.9 km east of Champlain municipality. The waters of the basin also have their sources from the Brulée River (Saint-Narcisse Moraine[1]) and the Lac-à-la-Tortue bog via the Lard and Forks rivers.
Source: Champlain River Watershed Master Plan. p.54[2]

SAMBBA,[3] the Batiscan-Champlain watershed organization, received investments to carry out a project to restore the Ammocrypta pellucida – Sand stinger. – Eastern Sand Darter, Sand Darter, Northern Sand Darter, Sand Darter, in the Champlain River, as well as Percina copelandi.– Channel Darter. – Channel Darter, Copeland's Darter, habitat, two endangered fish species.
Source: Champlain River: habitat restoration for two fish species. Le Nouvelliste[4] on February 7, 2022

Geography edit

 
Champlain River in wintertime, from Route 138 bridge, Champlain

Champlain River is flowing almost at the boundary between the manors of Batiscan and Champlain. Champlain river flows from north to south to empty in the St. Lawrence river at Champlain village. Champlain River rises at an altitude of about 130 meters[5] in wetlands located at the foot of the moraine of Saint-Narcisse.[6] Its watershed through the municipalities of Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel, Trois-Rivières (Saint-Louis-de-France area), Saint-Maurice, Saint-Narcisse, Saint-Luc-de-Vincennes, Sainte-Geneviève-de-Batiscan, Batiscan and Champlain, all located, with the exception of Trois-Rivières, in the Les Chenaux Regional County Municipality.

Champlain river divides into four distinct branches that connect to the main branch.[6] It is characterized by the presence of several meanders, a number of which are abandoned along the river near its mouth.[7] The geographical coordinates of the mouth of the river are: -72.28194 West, 46.44695 North.

The watershed of the river Champlain is divided into five sub-basins, sub-basins upstream of the four branches of the main section, from west to east, the sub-basins of rivers Champlain (upstream) of burned with bacon and fork, and the sub-basin of the downstream portion of the Champlain River which flows in the four branches.[8] The slope varies from 5.0 m/km in the sub-basin of the "rivière Brulée" (Burned River) to 0.7 m/km in the sub-basin of the river downstream of the Champlain portion.

Landslides edit

The banks of the Champlain River are composed of marine clays, a variety that is very unstable compared to other types of clay, favoring landslides when water accumulates in the clay soil.[9]

History of landslides in Saint-Luc-de-Vincennes:

  • 1823 - Laying of clay in Leda.
  • 1878 - Laying of clay in Leda.
  • 1895 - Laying of clay at Leda; death toll of 5.
  • 1981 - Casting of clay in Leda.
  • 1986 (September) - Laying of clay in Leda, taking part of the road and vacant land.[10]
  • November 2016

A major landslide occurred on the night of November 9 to 10, 2016, on a lot of land belonging to Luc Normandin, in the Saint-Joseph-Ouest range, within the limits of Saint-Luc-de-Vincennes. The field started to move around 9.30 pm on November 9. The slip site is approximately one kilometer from the 1986 slip site, which was twice as large as the one in 2016.

The slip stopped at about ten meters from the house of Luc Normandin and its barn sheltering about sixty cattle. This natural disaster generated a large crater of the size of a baseball field, about 160 meters wide and a depth of between 2 and 10 meters, between farm buildings and the edge of the Champlain River.

Thousands of tons of clay and earth slipped into the river bed completely blocking the flow of water over several tens of meters. The water has risen to make its way again.

Two houses were evacuated and a 200-meter security perimeter was established around the crater.[11][12]

Toponymy edit

Samuel de Champlain gave its name to this river. It is reported for the first time on the map in 1613 by Samuel de Champlain, shifted back to his card in 1632. This name, Champlain, was then given to the lordship (1664), the catholic parish (1665), the provincial county (1829), the municipality (1845) and the Federal county (1867).[13]

The toponym "Champlain River" was officialized in the registry of places name at the Commission de toponymie du Québec as of December 5, 1968.

History edit

In 1863, Stanislas Drapeau Champlain wrote that "Champlain river has enough water power in order to activate flour mills and saws, and the large tannery of Mr. Richardson, living in Quebec".[14]

About 1800, Mathew Bell built a mill having 32 saws. Burned in 1850, it was replaced by a saw mill counting 20 saws and a tannery belonging to L. Osborne Richardson. The tannery was moved to the Eastern Townships in 1875.[15]

Photos edit

See also edit

Notes and references edit

  1. ^ "Moraine of Saint-Narcisse". Gouvernement of Quebec (in French). Commission de Toponymie Quebec. June 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
  2. ^ "Champlain River Watershed Master Plan. p.54" (PDF) (in French). Société d’aménagement et de mise en valeur du bassin de la Batiscan (SAMBBA). 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
  3. ^ The Batiscan-Champlain watershed organization (SAMBBA) (2023). "About us" (in French). Retrieved 2023-09-23.
  4. ^ Geneviève Beaulieu-Veilleux (7 February 2022). "Champlain River: habitat restoration for two fish species". Le Nouvelliste. Retrieved 2023-09-23.
  5. ^ William Tellier, Mylène Valley, Isabelle Lavoie and Stéphane Campeau,Portrait du bassin versant de la rivière Champlain, Rapport déposé au Comité ZIP les Deux-Rive (Portrait of the watershed of the river Champlain, report tabled by Deux-Rives ZIP Committee). Trois-Rivières, Section of Geography, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivières, page 18. (in French)
  6. ^ a b William Tellier, Mylène Valley, Isabelle Lavoie and Stéphane Campeau, Portrait du bassin versant de la rivière Champlain, Rapport déposé au Comité ZIP les Deux-Rive (Portrait of the watershed of the river Champlain, report tabled by Deux-Rives ZIP Committee). Trois-Rivières, Section of Geography, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivières, page 9. (in French)
  7. ^ Jean-Pierre Chartier, "Les caprices d'une rivière" (The vagaries of a river) Le Postillon de Champlain (The Postilion of Champlain), Champlain, Champlain Historical Society, vol. 25, No. 2, March 2005, pp. 10-18 (first part), vol. 26, No. 1, December 2005, pp. 4-11 (second part); flight. 26, No. 2, April 2006, pp. 3-7 (third party); flight. 27, No. 1, December 2006, pp. 14-19 (Part Four) flight. 29, No. 2, April 2009, pp. 8-12 (fifth and last part). (in French)
  8. ^ William Tellier, Mylène Valley, Isabelle Lavoie and Stéphane Campeau, Portrait du bassin versant de la rivière Champlain, Rapport déposé au Comité ZIP les Deux-Rives (Basin side portrait of the Champlain River, Report submitted to the ZIP Committee Deux-Rives). Trois-Rivières, Section of Geography, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivières, page 11. (in French)
  9. ^ Research of "Société d'aménagement et de mise en valeur du bassin de la Batiscan".
  10. ^ (municipality) (accessed 11 November 2016)
  11. ^ Paule Vermot-Desroches, journalist, newspaper Le Nouvelliste, November 10, 2016
  12. ^ Amélie St-Yves, journalist, Journal de Montréal, November 11, 2016, page 9, article "Le terrain s'effondre à sa porte" (The ground collapses at its door).
  13. ^ René Beaudoin, "375e anniversaire du nom de Champlain" (375th anniversary of Champlain's name), The Postilion de Champlain, Champlain, Champlain historical Society, vol. 27, No. 3, September 2007, pp. 13-16. (in French)
  14. ^ Stanislas Drapeau, Études sur les développements de la colonisation du Bas-Canada depuis dix ans (1851 à 1861) (Studies on the development of the colonization of Lower Canada for ten years (1851-1861)), Quebec, Typography Leger Brousseau, 1863, p. 465. (in French)
  15. ^ René Beaudoin, "Les moulins à scie et la tannerie de la rivière Champlain" (The saw mills and tanneries of Champlain river), Le Postillon de Champlain (The Postilion of Champlain), Champlain, Champlain Historical Society, vol. 27, No. 2, April 2007, p. 21 (in French)
  16. ^ Ministère des Transports et de la Mobilité durable Québec (9 May 2023). "Inventaire et inspection des structures" (apsx). Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  17. ^ Ministère des Transports et de la Mobilité durable Québec (9 May 2023). "Inventaire et inspection des structures" (aspx). Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  18. ^ Ministère des Transports et de la Mobilité durable Québec (10 May 2023). "Inventaire et inspection des structures" (axpx). Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  19. ^ Ministère des Transports et de la Mobilité durable Québec (9 May 2023). "Inventaire et inspection des structures". Retrieved 8 May 2023.

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Bibliography edit

  • René Beaudoin, «Les moulins à scie et la tannerie de la rivière Champlain» (The saw mills and tanneries of Champlain river), Le Postillon de Champlain (The Postilion of Champlain), Champlain, Champlain Historical Society, vol. 27, No. 2, April 2007, p. 21. (in French)
  • René Beaudoin, «375e anniversaire du nom de Champlain» (375th anniversary of Champlain's name), Le Postillon de Champlain (The Postilion of Champlain), Champlain, Champlain Historical Society, vol. 27, No. 3, September 2007, pages 13–16. (in French)
  • Jean-Pierre Chartier, «Les caprices d'une rivière» (The vagaries of a river), Le Postillon de Champlain (The Postilion of Champlain), Champlain, Champlain Historical Society, vol. 25, No. 2, March 2005, pp. 10–18 (first part), vol. 26, No. 1, December 2005, pp. 4–11 (second part); flight. 26, No. 2, April 2006, pp. 3–7 (third party); flight. 27, No. 1, December 2006, pp. 14–19 (Part Four) flight. 29, No. 2, April 2009, pp. 8–12 (fifth and last part). (in French)
  • Guillaume Tellier, Mylène Vallée, Isabelle Lavoie et Stéphane Campeau, Portrait du bassin versant de la rivière Champlain, Rapport déposé au Comité ZIP les Deux-Rives (Portrait of Champlain Watershed River, report tabled by ZIP Deux-Rives Committee). Trois-Rivières, Section of geography, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, 73 pages. Available online, click here[permanent dead link] (in French)

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