Cissus

Summary

Cissus is a genus of approximately 350 species of lianas (woody vines) in the grape family (Vitaceae). They have a cosmopolitan distribution, though the majority are to be found in the tropics.

Cissus
Cissus nodosa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Vitales
Family: Vitaceae
Subfamily: Vitoideae
Genus: Cissus
L.[1]
Species

About 350, see text

Cissus verticillata
A Cissus javana cultivar

Uses edit

Medicinal edit

Cissus quadrangularis has been evaluated for potential medical uses. As a source of carotenoids, triterpenoids and ascorbic acid the extracts may have potential for medical effects, including "gastroprotective activity"[2] and benefits in terms of "lipid metabolism and oxidative stress".[3] Cissus quinquangularis was used by the Maasai people of Kenya to relieve some of the symptoms of malaria.[4]

Ornamental edit

Cissus antarctica, Cissus alata and Cissus incisa are cultivated as garden plants, depending on area of the world. Succulent members of the genus such as Cissus quadrangularis are also found in the nursery trade but tend to be frost tender and are thus not widely cultivated.

Ecology edit

Cissus species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Hypercompe eridanus and Hypercompe icasia. They are also consumed by chimpanzees.[5]

Taxonomy edit

The generic name is derived from the Greek word κισσος (kissos), meaning "ivy".[6] In the 1980s the genus was split according to some details of the flower. The large caudiciform species were moved to the new genus Cyphostemma.

The genus name was established by Carl Linnaeus who used species epithets that are adjectives with feminine grammatical gender in Latin (e.g., C. trifoliata L.). This matches the pattern that names of trees ending in -us in Latin have feminine gender, although other plant names ending in -us are usually masculine.[7]

Species edit

Plants of the World Online currently includes:[8]

  1. Cissus acrantha Lauterb.
  2. Cissus acreensis Lombardi
  3. Cissus adamii Detoit
  4. Cissus adeyana Masinde & L.E.Newton
  5. Cissus adnata Roxb.
  6. Cissus alata Jacq. – grape ivy
  7. Cissus albida Cambess.
  8. Cissus albiporcata Masinde & L.E.Newton
  9. Cissus amapaensis Lombardi
  10. Cissus ambongensis Desc.
  11. Cissus amoena Gilg & M.Brandt
  12. Cissus amplexicaulis Trias-Blasi & J.Parn.
  13. Cissus anemonifolia Zipp. ex Miq.
  14. Cissus angustata Ridl.
  15. Cissus anisophylla Lombardi
  16. Cissus annamica Gagnep.
  17. Cissus antandroy Desc.
  18. Cissus antarctica Vent. – kangaroo treevine
  19. Cissus anulata Desc.
  20. Cissus apendiculata Lombardi
  21. Cissus aphylla Chiov.
  22. Cissus aphyllantha Gilg
  23. Cissus araguainensis Lombardi
  24. Cissus aralioides (Welw. ex Baker) Planch.
  25. Cissus arguta Hook.f.
  26. Cissus aristata Blume
  27. Cissus aristolochiifolia Planch.
  28. Cissus aristolochioides Planch.
  29. Cissus arnottiana B.V.Shetty & Par.Singh
  30. Cissus assamica (M.A.Lawson) Craib
  31. Cissus astrotricha Gagnep.
  32. Cissus aubertiana (Gage) P.Singh & B.V.Shetty
  33. Cissus auricoma Desc.
  34. Cissus austroyunnanensis Y.H.Li & Y.Zhang
  35. Cissus bachmaensis Gagnep.
  36. Cissus bahiensis Lombardi
  37. Cissus barbeyana De Wild. & T.Durand
  38. Cissus barteri (Baker) Planch.
  39. Cissus bathyrhakodes Werderm.
  40. Cissus bauerlenii Planch.
  41. Cissus behrmannii Lauterb.
  42. Cissus bequaertii Detoit
  43. Cissus bicolor Domin
  44. Cissus biformifolia Standl.
  45. Cissus blanchetiana Planch.
  46. Cissus boivinii Planch.
  47. Cissus bosseri Desc.
  48. Cissus bracteosa Lombardi
  49. Cissus brevipes C.V.Morton & Standl.
  50. Cissus cactiformis Gilg
  51. Cissus cacuminis Standl.
  52. Cissus caesia Afzel.
  53. Cissus calcicola Craib
  54. Cissus camiriensis Lombardi
  55. Cissus campestris (Baker) Planch.
  56. Cissus carrissoi Exell & Mendonça
  57. Cissus cerasiformis (Teijsm. & Binn.) Planch.
  58. Cissus coccinea (Baker) Mart. ex Planch.
  59. Cissus cochinchinensis Spreng.
  60. Cissus colombiensis Lombardi
  61. Cissus comosa Desc.
  62. Cissus compressiflora Lombardi
  63. Cissus conchigera Ridl.
  64. Cissus convolvulacea Planch.
  65. Cissus cornifolia (Baker) Planch.
  66. Cissus corylifolia (Baker) Planch.
  67. Cissus coursii Desc.
  68. Cissus craibii Gagnep.
  69. Cissus crusei Wild & R.B.Drumm.
  70. Cissus cucumerifolia Planch.
  71. Cissus cucurbitina Standl.
  72. Cissus cuspidata Planch.
  73. Cissus cussonioides Schinz
  74. Cissus darik Miq.
  75. Cissus dasyantha Gilg & M.Brandt
  76. Cissus dealbata Bedd.
  77. Cissus decaryi Wahlert & Phillipson
  78. Cissus decidua Lombardi
  79. Cissus descoingsii Lombardi
  80. Cissus dewevrei De Wild. & T.Durand
  81. Cissus dichotoma Blume
  82. Cissus diffusiflora (Baker) Planch.
  83. Cissus dinklagei Gilg & M.Brandt
  84. Cissus discolor Blume
  85. Cissus diversilobata C.A.Sm.
  86. Cissus doeringii Gilg & M.Brandt
  87. Cissus duarteana Cambess.
  88. Cissus duboisii Dewit
  89. Cissus egestosa Werderm.
  90. Cissus ellenbeckii Gilg & M.Brandt
  91. Cissus elongata Roxb.
  92. Cissus erecta S.H.Cho & Y.D.Kim
  93. Cissus erosa Rich.caro de tres hojas
  94. Cissus evrardii Gagnep.
  95. Cissus fanshawei Wild & R.B.Drumm.
  96. Cissus farinosa Planch.
  97. Cissus faucicola Wild & R.B.Drumm.
  98. Cissus flavifolia Lombardi
  99. Cissus floribunda (Baker) Planch.
  100. Cissus forsteniana (Miq.) Planch.
  101. Cissus fragilis E.Mey. ex Harv.
  102. Cissus fuliginea Kunth
  103. Cissus furcifera Chiov.
  104. Cissus fusifolia Lombardi
  105. Cissus gambiana Desc.
  106. Cissus gardneri Thwaites
  107. Cissus glandulosa (Forssk. ex J.F.Gmel.) J.F.Gmel.
  108. Cissus glaucophylla Hook.f.
  109. Cissus glaucotricha Lombardi
  110. Cissus glossopetala (Baker) Suess.
  111. Cissus glyptocarpa Thwaites
  112. Cissus gongylodes (Baker) Burch. ex Baker – marble treevine
  113. Cissus gossweileri Exell & Mendonça
  114. Cissus gossypiifolia Standl.
  115. Cissus goudotii Planch.
  116. Cissus grisea (Baker) Planch.
  117. Cissus guerkeana (Büttner) T.Durand & Schinz
  118. Cissus haematantha Miq.
  119. Cissus hamaderohensis Radcl.-Sm.
  120. Cissus hastata Miq.
  121. Cissus heteroma Turcz.
  122. Cissus heterophylla Poir.
  123. Cissus heterotoma Turcz.
  124. Cissus hexangularis Thorel ex Planch.
  125. Cissus heyneana Steud.
  126. Cissus hookeri Ridl.
  127. Cissus humbertiana Desc.
  128. Cissus humbertii Robyns & Lawalrée
  129. Cissus hypoglauca A.Gray
  130. Cissus integrifolia Planch.
  131. Cissus intermedia A.Rich.
  132. Cissus inundata (Baker) Planch.
  133. Cissus kerrii Craib
  134. Cissus koordersii (Backer) Amshoff
  135. Cissus kouandeensis A.Chev.
  136. Cissus kouilouensis Desc.
  137. Cissus lamprophylla Gilg & M.Brandt
  138. Cissus lanea Desc.
  139. Cissus latifolia Lam.
  140. Cissus lebrunii Dewit
  141. Cissus leemansii Dewit
  142. Cissus lemurica Desc.
  143. Cissus lenticellata (Baker) Suess.
  144. Cissus leonardii Dewit
  145. Cissus leucophlea (Scott Elliot) Suess.
  146. Cissus lineata Warb.
  147. Cissus lonchiphylla Thwaites
  148. Cissus longicymosa Lombardi
  149. Cissus louisii Detoit
  150. Cissus luzoniensis (Merr.) C.L.Li
  151. Cissus macrobotrys Turcz.
  152. Cissus macrophylla Jungh.
  153. Cissus madecassa Desc.
  154. Cissus marcanii Craib
  155. Cissus mauritiana Desc.
  156. Cissus mexicana Moc. & Sessé ex DC.
  157. Cissus microcarpa Vahl
  158. Cissus microdonta (Baker) Planch.
  159. Cissus miegei Tchoumé
  160. Cissus migeodii Verdc.
  161. Cissus milnei Verdc.
  162. Cissus mirabilis (Urb. & Ekman) Lombardi
  163. Cissus morifolia Planch.
  164. Cissus narinensis Lombardi
  165. Cissus neei Croat
  166. Cissus nicaraguensis Lombardi
  167. Cissus nigropilosa Dewit
  168. Cissus nobilis Kuhlm.
  169. Cissus nodosa Blume
  170. Cissus notabilis Doweld
  171. Cissus novemfolia (Wall. ex M.A.Lawson) Planch.
  172. Cissus nymphaeifolia (Welw. ex Baker) Planch.
  173. Cissus obliqua Ruiz & Pav.
  174. Cissus oblonga (Benth.) Planch.
  175. Cissus oblongifolia Merr.
  176. Cissus obovata Vahl
  177. Cissus oliveri (Engl.) Gilg ex Engl.
  178. Cissus oreophila Gilg & M.Brandt
  179. Cissus osaensis Lombardi
  180. Cissus oxyodonta (Baker) Desc.
  181. Cissus palmata Poir.
  182. Cissus palmatifida (Baker) Planch.
  183. Cissus paniculata (Balf.f.) Planch.
  184. Cissus paraensis Lombardi
  185. Cissus parviflora Schult. & Schult.f.
  186. Cissus patellicalyx Lombardi
  187. Cissus paucinervia Lombardi
  188. Cissus paullinifolia Vell.
  189. Cissus peltata Turcz.
  190. Cissus penninervis (F.Muell.) Planch.
  191. Cissus pentaclada Jackes
  192. Cissus pentagona Roxb.
  193. Cissus perrieri Desc.
  194. Cissus peruviana Lombardi
  195. Cissus petiolata Hook.f.
  196. Cissus phymatocarpa Masinde & L.E.Newton
  197. Cissus picardae Urb.
  198. Cissus pileata Desc.
  199. Cissus pingtungensis S.S.Ying
  200. Cissus pinnatifolia Lombardi
  201. Cissus planchoniana Gilg
  202. Cissus planchonii Gagnep.
  203. Cissus polita Desc.
  204. Cissus polyantha Gilg & M.Brandt
  205. Cissus populnea Guill. & Perr.
  206. Cissus producta Afzel.
  207. Cissus prunifera Desc.
  208. Cissus × pseudocaesia Gilg & M.Brandt
  209. Cissus pseudofuliginea Lombardi
  210. Cissus pseudoguerkeana Verdc.
  211. Cissus pseudopolyantha Mildbr.
  212. Cissus pseudoverticillata Lombardi
  213. Cissus psoralifolia (F.Muell.) Planch.
  214. Cissus pteroclada Hayata
  215. Cissus pubinervis Blume
  216. Cissus pulcherrima Vell.
  217. Cissus pynaertii De Wild.
  218. Cissus quadrangularis L.
  219. Cissus quadricornuta (Miq.) Hochr.
  220. Cissus quarrei Dewit
  221. Cissus quinquangularis Chiov.
  222. Cissus reniformis Domin
  223. Cissus repanda (Wight & Arn.) Vahl
  224. Cissus repens Lam.
  225. Cissus rhamnoidea Planch.
  226. Cissus rheifolia Planch.
  227. Cissus rhodotricha (Baker) Desc.
  228. Cissus robinsonii (Ridl.) Craib
  229. Cissus rondoensis Verdc.
  230. Cissus rostrata (Miq.) Korth. ex Planch.
  231. Cissus rotundifolia Vahl
  232. Cissus rubiginosa (Welw. ex Baker) Planch.
  233. Cissus rubropilosa Lombardi
  234. Cissus rufescens Guill. & Perr.
  235. Cissus ruginosicarpa Desc.
  236. Cissus ruspolii Gilg
  237. Cissus sagittifer Desc.
  238. Cissus salehi Lodé
  239. Cissus saponaria (Benth.) Planch.
  240. Cissus schmitzii Dewit
  241. Cissus sciaphila Gilg
  242. Cissus senegalensis Lavie
  243. Cissus serroniana (Glaz.) Lombardi
  244. Cissus serrulatifolia L.O.Williams
  245. Cissus silvestris Tchoumé
  246. Cissus smithiana (Baker) Planch.
  247. Cissus spinosa Cambess.
  248. Cissus sterculiifolia (F.Muell. ex Benth.) Planch.
  249. Cissus stipulata Vell.
  250. Cissus subaphylla (Balf.f.) Planch.
  251. Cissus suberecta Bedd.
  252. Cissus subhastata Gagnep.
  253. Cissus subramanyamii B.V.Shetty & Par.Singh
  254. Cissus subrhomboidea (Baker) Planch.
  255. Cissus sue Gilg & M.Brandt
  256. Cissus sulcicaulis (Baker) Planch.
  257. Cissus sulfurosa Desc.
  258. Cissus sumatrana Latiff
  259. Cissus surinamensis Desc.
  260. Cissus sylvicola Masinde & L.E.Newton
  261. Cissus terengganuensis Latiff
  262. Cissus teysmannii Miq.
  263. Cissus tiliacea Kunth
  264. Cissus tiliiformis Desc.
  265. Cissus tinctoria Mart.
  266. Cissus touraensis A.Chev.
  267. Cissus trianae Planch.
  268. Cissus trifoliata (L.) L.
  269. Cissus trigona Willd.
  270. Cissus triloba (Lour.) Merr.
  271. Cissus triternata Miq.
  272. Cissus trothae Gilg & M.Brandt
  273. Cissus ursina Lombardi
  274. Cissus uvifer Afzel.
  275. Cissus venezuelensis Steyerm.
  276. Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E.Jarvis – Seasonvine[9][10]
  277. Cissus vinosa Jackes
  278. Cissus viridescens Ridl.
  279. Cissus vitiginea L.
  280. Cissus voanonala (Baker) Suess.
  281. Cissus wallacei Verdc.
  282. Cissus wellmanii Gilg & M.Brandt
  283. Cissus welwitschii (Baker) Planch.
  284. Cissus wenshanensis C.L.Li
  285. Cissus woodrowii (Stapf ex Cooke) Santapau
  286. Cissus wrightiana Planch.
  287. Cissus xerophila Lombardi
  288. Cissus youngii Exell & Mendonça
  289. Cissus zombitsy Desc.

Formerly placed here edit

Image gallery edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Cissus L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2006-04-03. Archived from the original on 2012-10-06. Retrieved 2010-07-07.
  2. ^ Jainu, M; Mohan, K; Devi, C (2006). "Protective effect of Cissus quadrangularis on neutrophil mediated tissue injury induced by aspirin in rats". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 104 (3): 302–5. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.076. PMID 16338111.
  3. ^ Oben, Julius E; Enyegue, Damaris; Fomekong, Gilles I; Soukontoua, Yves B; Agbor, Gabriel A (2007). "The effect of Cissus quadrangularis (CQR-300) and a Cissus formulation (CORE) on obesity and obesity-induced oxidative stress". Lipids in Health and Disease. 6: 4. doi:10.1186/1476-511X-6-4. PMC 1800848. PMID 17274828.
  4. ^ Bussmann, Rainer W; Gilbreath, Genevieve G; Solio, John; Lutura, Manja; Lutuluo, Rumpac; Kunguru, Kimaren; Wood, Nick; Mathenge, Simon G (2006). "Plant use of the Maasai of Sekenani Valley, Maasai Mara, Kenya". Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 2: 22. doi:10.1186/1746-4269-2-22. PMC 1475560. PMID 16674830.
  5. ^ Yumoto; Marushashi; Yamagiwa; Mwanza (1995). "Seed-dispersal by elephants in a tropical rain forest in Kahuzi-Biega National Park". Biotropica. 27 (4): 526–530. doi:10.2307/2388968. JSTOR 2388968.
  6. ^ Eggli, Urs (2002). Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants. Vol. 5: Dicotyledons. Springer. p. 452. ISBN 978-3-540-41966-2.
  7. ^ Turland, N. (2013), The Code Decoded: A user's guide to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, vol. Regnum Vegetabile Volume 155, Koeltz Scientific Books, ISBN 978-3-87429-433-1 page 96
  8. ^ Plants of the World Online: Cissus L. (retrieved 24 December 2021)
  9. ^ a b "Species Records of Cissus". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2009-01-20. Retrieved 2010-07-07.
  10. ^ "Cissus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 7 July 2010.

External links edit

  • Cissus striata pictures at Chilebosque
  • Description of the genus