Constantine Buckley Kilgore (February 20, 1835 – September 23, 1897) was a U.S. Representative from Texas.

Constantine Buckley Kilgore
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
In office March 4, 1887 – March 3, 1895
Member of the Texas State Senate
In office 1885–1886
Personal details
Born	(1835-02-20)February 20, 1835 Newnan, Georgia, U.S.
Died	September 23, 1897(1897-09-23) (aged 62) Ardmore (Indian Territory), U.S.
Resting place	White Rose Cemetery Wills Point, Texas, U.S.
Political party	Democratic
Military career
Allegiance	Confederate States of America
Service/branch	Confederate States Army
Rank	Adjutant general
Unit	Ector's brigade
Battles/wars	American Civil War

Born in Newnan, Georgia, Kilgore moved with his parents to Rusk County, Texas, in 1846. He received a common-school and academic training. He studied law. During the Civil War, Kilgore entered the Confederate States Army as a private and by 1862 had attained the rank of adjutant general of Ector's brigade, Army of the Tennessee. He was admitted to the bar and practiced in Rusk County, Texas.

Kilgore was elected Justice of the Peace in 1869. In 1872 the city of Kilgore, Texas was named in his honor after the I.G.N. Railroad acquired land for a depot just south of Longview, Texas. He served as a member of the State constitutional convention in 1875.

Kilgore was elected to the State senate in 1884 for a term of four years. He was chosen president of that body in 1885 for two years. He resigned from the State senate in 1886, having been elected to Congress.

Kilgore was elected as a Democrat to the Fiftieth and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1887 – March 3, 1895). When House Speaker Thomas Brackett Reed attempted to end the "silent filibuster" in 1890, a process by which the minority party could stop House business by calling quorums but then not answering when their names were called, Reed ended the process by directing the House Clerk to record those not answering to their names when the roll was called as present but not voting. Kilgore famously attempted to avoid being counted by kicking through a locked door to escape the House chamber.

In 1895, President Grover Cleveland appointed Kilgore United States judge for the southern district of Indian Territory. He served from March 20, 1895 until his death in Ardmore, Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) on September 23, 1897. Kilgore was interred at White Rose Cemetery, Wills Point, Texas.