Cuthona Knowpia

Cuthona
	Cuthona sibogae
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Heterobranchia
Order:	Nudibranchia
Suborder:	Cladobranchia
Superfamily:	Fionoidea
Family:	Cuthonidae
Genus:	Cuthona; Alder & Hancock, 1855
Synonyms
	Precuthona Odhner, 1929 ; Xenocratena Odhner, 1940 ;

Cuthona is a genus of nudibranch in the family Tergipedidae.^[1]

Ecology edit

Cuthona species feed on hydroids, and have uniseriate radulae with polydentate radular teeth.^[2]

Taxonomic history edit

The type species of Cuthona is Cuthona nana, (Alder & Hancock, 1842). Some authorities consider the genera Catriona and Trinchesia to be synonymous with Cuthona. Most Cuthona species were transferred to other genera as a result of DNA phylogeny studies in 2016 and 2017.^[3]^[4]

Species edit

Species in the genus Cuthona include:^[1]

Cuthona divae (Er. Marcus, 1961)
Cuthona methana Valdés, Lundsten & N. G. Wilson, 2018
Cuthona nana (Alder & Hancock, 1842)
Cuthona hermitophila Martynov, Sanamyan & Korshunova, 2015

Species brought into synonymy

Cuthona abronia (MacFarland, 1966): synonym of Abronica abronia
Cuthona abyssicola (Bergh, 1884): synonym of Cuthonella abyssicola Bergh, 1884
Cuthona acinosa (Risbec, 1928): synonym of Tenellia acinosa
Cuthona akibai Baba, 1984: synonym of Tenellia akibai
Cuthona albocrusta (MacFarland, 1966): synonym of Tenellia albocrusta
Cuthona albopunctata (Schmekel, 1968): synonym of Tenellia albopunctata
Cuthona alpha Baba & Hamatani, 1963: synonym of Tenellia alpha (Baba & Hamatani, 1963)
Cuthona amoena (Alder & Hancock, 1845): synonym of Rubramoena amoena
Cuthona antarctica (Pfeffer in Martens & Pfeffer, 1886): synonym of Tenellia antarctica
Cuthona anulata (Baba, 1949): synonym of Tenellia anulata
Cuthona barbadiana Edmunds & Just, 1983: synonym of Tenellia barbadiana
Cuthona behrensi Hermosillo & Valdés, 2007: synonym of Tenellia behrensi
Cuthona berghi (Friele, 1902): synonym of Cuthonella berghi
Cuthona beta (Baba & Abe, 1964): synonym of Tenellia beta
Cuthona bractea Burn, 1962: synonym of Tularia bractea (Burn, 1962)
Cuthona caerulea (Montagu, 1804) synonym of Trinchesia caerulea
Cuthona claviformis Vicente, 1974: synonym of Tenellia claviformis
Cuthona cocoachroma Williams & Gosliner, 1979: synonym of Cuthonella cocoachroma
Cuthona columbiana (O'Donoghue, 1922): synonym of Tenellia columbiana
Cuthona concinna (Alder & Hancock, 1843): synonym of Cuthonella concinna
Cuthona correai Ortea, Caballer & Moro, 2002: synonym of Tenellia correai
Cuthona crinita Minichev, 1972: synonym of Tenellia crinita
Cuthona destinyae Hermosillo & Valdés, 2007: synonym of Tenellia destinyae
Cuthona diminutiva Gosliner, 1980: synonym of Tenellia diminutiva
Cuthona distans Odhner, 1922: synonym of Tenellia distans
Cuthona diversicolor Baba, 1975: synonym of Tenellia diversicolor
Cuthona elenae (Martynov, 2000): synonym of Cuthonella elenae
Cuthona elioti Odhner, 1944: synonym of Cuthonella elioti
Cuthona ferruginea (Friele, 1902): synonym of Cuthonella ferruginea
Cuthona fidenciae (Ortea, Moro & Espinosa, 1999): synonym of Tenellia fidenciae
Cuthona flavovulta (MacFarland, 1966): synonym of Tenellia flavovulta
Cuthona foliata (Forbes & Goodsir, 1839): synonym of Tenellia foliata
Cuthona fructuosa (Bergh, 1892): synonym of Tenellia fructuosa
Cuthona fulgens (MacFarland, 1966): synonym of Tenellia fulgens
Cuthona futairo Baba, 1963: synonym of Tenellia futairo
Cuthona genovae (O'Donoghue, 1929): synonym of Tenellia genovae
Cuthona georgiana (Pfeffer in Martens & Pfeffer, 1886): synonym of Tenellia georgiana
Cuthona giarannae Valdés, Moran & Woods, 2012 : synonym of Tenellia giarannae^[5]
Cuthona granosa (Schmekel, 1966): synonym of Tenellia granosa
Cuthona gymnota (Couthouy, 1838): synonym of Tenellia gymnota
Cuthona hamanni Behrens, 1987: synonym of Tenellia hamanni
Cuthona henrici Eliot, 1916: synonym of Tenellia henrici
Cuthona herrerai Ortea, Moro & Caballer, 2002: synonym of Tenellia herrerai
Cuthona hiemalis Roginskaya, 1987: synonym of Cuthonella hiemalis (Roginskaya, 1987)
Cuthona ilonae (Schmekel, 1968): synonym of Tenellia ilonae
Cuthona iris Edmunds & Just, 1983: synonym of Tenellia iris
Cuthona japonica Baba, 1937: synonym of Godiva japonica (Baba, 1937)
Cuthona kanga (Edmunds, 1970): synonym of Tenellia kanga
Cuthona kuiteri Rudman, 1981: synonym of Tenellia kuiteri
Cuthona lagunae (O'Donoghue, 1926): synonym of Tenellia lagunae
Cuthona leopardina (Vayssière, 1888): synonym of Tenellia leopardina
Cuthona lizae Angulo-Campillo & Valdés, 2003: synonym of Tenellia lizae
Cuthona longi Behrens, 1985: synonym of Tenellia longi
Cuthona luciae Valdés, Medrano & Bhave, 2016: synonym of Tenellia luciae^[6]
Cuthona macquariensis (Burn, 1973): synonym of Tenellia macquariensis
Cuthona marisalbi Roginskaya, 1963: synonym of Cuthonella concinna (Alder & Hancock, 1843)
Cuthona millenae Hermosillo & Valdés, 2007: synonym of Tenellia millenae
Cuthona miniostriata (Schmekel, 1968): synonym of Tenellia miniostriata
Cuthona modesta (Eliot, 1907): synonym of Cuthonella modesta
Cuthona netsica (Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1960): synonym of Tenellia netsica
Cuthona norvegica (Odhner, 1929): synonym of Cuthonella norvegica
Cuthona ocellata (Schmekel, 1966): synonym of Tenellia ocellata
Cuthona odhneri Er. Marcus, 1959: synonym of Tenellia odhneri
Cuthona ornata Baba, 1937: synonym of Tenellia ornata
Cuthona pallida (Eliot, 1906): synonym of Tenellia pallida
Cuthona paucicirra Minichev, 1972: synonym of Tenellia paucicirra
Cuthona perca (Er. Marcus, 1958): synonym of Tenellia perca
Cuthona peregrina (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Cratena peregrina (Gmelin, 1791)
Cuthona phoenix Gosliner, 1981: synonym of Tenellia phoenix
Cuthona pinnifera (Baba, 1949): synonym of Tenellia pinnifera
Cuthona poritophages Rudman, 1979: synonym of Tenellia poritophages
Cuthona puellula (Baba, 1955): synonym of Tenellia puellula
Cuthona pumilio Bergh, 1871: synonym of Tenellia pumilio
Cuthona punicea Millen, 1986: synonym of Tenellia punicea
Cuthona purpureoanulata (Baba, 1961): synonym of Abronica purpureoanulata
Cuthona pusilla (Bergh, 1898): synonym of Tenellia pusilla
Cuthona pustulata (Alder & Hancock, 1854): synonym of Tenellia pustulata
Cuthona riosi Hermosillo & Valdés, 2008: synonym of Tenellia riosi
Cuthona rolleri Gosliner & Behrens, 1988: synonym of Tenellia rolleri
Cuthona rosea MacFarland, 1966: synonym of Cuthona divae (Marcus, 1961)
Cuthona rubescens Picton & Brown, 1978: synonym of Rubramoena rubescens
Cuthona rubra (Edmunds, 1964): synonym of Tenellia rubra
Cuthona rutila (MacFarland, 1966 as Cratena rutila): synonym of Tenellia lagunae (O'Donoghue, 1926)
Cuthona schraderi (Pfeffer in Martens & Pfeffer, 1886): synonym of Guyvalvoria paradoxa (Eliot, 1907) (nomen dubium)
Cuthona scintillans Miller, 1977: synonym of Tenellia scintillans
Cuthona sibogae (Bergh, 1905): synonym of Tenellia sibogae
Cuthona spadix (MacFarland, 1966 as Cratena spadix): synonym of Tenellia columbiana (O'Donoghue, 1922)
Cuthona speciosa (Macnae, 1954): synonym of Tenellia speciosa
Cuthona stimpsoni A. E. Verrill, 1879: synonym of Flabellina salmonacea (Couthouy, 1838)
Cuthona suecica (Odhner, 1940): synonym of Tenellia suecica
Cuthona thompsoni Garcia, Lopez-Gonzalez & Garcia-Gomez, 1991: synonym of Tenellia thompsoni
Cuthona tina (Er. Marcus, 1957): synonym of Tenellia tina
Cuthona valentini (Eliot, 1907): synonym of Tenellia valentini
Cuthona veronicae (A. E. Verrill, 1880): synonym of Tenellia veronicae
Cuthona virens (MacFarland, 1966): synonym of Tenellia virens
Cuthona viridis (Forbes, 1840): synonym of Tenellia viridis
Cuthona willani Cervera, Garcia-Gomez & Lopez-Gonzalez, 1992: synonym of Tenellia willani
Cuthona yamasui Hamatani, 1993: synonym of Tenellia yamasui
Cuthona zelandica Odhner, 1924: synonym of Tenellia zelandica

References edit

^ ^a ^b Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2014). Cuthona Alder & Hancock, 1855. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138543 on 2015-02-09
^ Gosliner, Terrence (1981). "A New Species of Tergipedid Nudibranch from the Coast of California". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 47 (2): 200–205. Archived from the original on 2015-01-31.
^ Cella, K; Carmona Barnosi, L.; Ekimova, I; Chichvarkhin, A; Schepetov, D; Gosliner, T. M. (2016). A radical solution: The phylogeny of the nudibranch family Fionidae. PLoS ONE. 11(12): e0167800.
^ Korshunova, T.; Martynov, A.; Picton, B. (2017). Ontogeny as an important part of integrative taxonomy in tergipedid aeolidaceans (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia) with a description of a new genus and species from the Barents Sea. Zootaxa. 4324(1): 1.
^ Valdés, Á.; Moran, A.L.; Woods, H.A. 2012: Revision of several poorly known Antarctic aeolid nudibranch species (Mollusca: Gastropoda), with the description of a new species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 92(5): 1161-1174. doi:10.1017/S0025315411000348
^ Valdés A., Medrano S. & Bhave V. (2016). "A new species of Cuthona Alder and Hancock, 1855 (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Nudibranchia: Tergipedidae) from the Caribbean Sea". The Nautilus 130(2): 72-78.