The concept of decoupling is not about stopping economic growth, but rather doing more with less. In the report's preface, the panel explained that the "conceptual framework for decoupling and understanding of the instrumentalities for achieving it are still in an infant stage" and that this "first report is simply an attempt to scope the challenges."

The report considered the amount of resources currently being consumed by humanity and analysed how that would likely increase with population growth and future economic development. Its scenarios showed that by 2050 humans could use triple the amount of minerals, ores, fossil fuels and biomass annually – 140 billion tonnes per year – unless the rate of resource consumption could be decoupled from that of economic growth. Developed country citizens currently consume as much as 25 tonnes of those four key resources each year, while the average person in India consumes four tonnes annually. Another billion middle-class are set to emerge as developing countries rapidly became industrialised.^[2]

There is evidence that decoupling is already under way; world gross domestic product grew by a factor of 23 in the 20th century, while resource use rose by a factor of eight.^{[citation needed]} However, this will not be enough to avoid meeting resource scarcity and severe environmental limits.

Resource use may ultimately need to fall to between five and six tonnes per person annually.^[3] Recycling, re-use and greater efficiency can all help achieve decoupling.

It showed that decoupling might be a good strategy for economic growth in developing countries to avoid becoming resource intensive economies in the future.^{[citation needed]}

• Ecological modernization

• www.resourcepanel.org
• www.unep.org