Deoxyribonuclease II (EC 3.1.22.1, DNase II, pancreatic DNase II, deoxyribonucleate 3'-nucleotidohydrolase, pancreatic DNase II, acid deoxyribonuclease, acid DNase) is an endonuclease that hydrolyzes phosphodiester linkages of deoxyribonucleotide in native and denatured DNA, yielding products with 3'-phosphates and 5'-hydroxyl ends, which occurs as a result of single-strand cleaving mechanism.[1] As the name implies, it functions optimally at acid pH because it is commonly found in low pH environment of lysosomes.
deoxyribonuclease II alpha | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Identifiers | |||||||
Symbol | DNASE2 | ||||||
Alt. symbols | DNASE2A, DRN2, DNL, DNL2 | ||||||
NCBI gene | 1777 | ||||||
HGNC | 2960 | ||||||
OMIM | 126350 | ||||||
RefSeq | NM_001375 | ||||||
UniProt | O00115 | ||||||
Other data | |||||||
EC number | 3.1.22.1 | ||||||
Locus | Chr. 19 p13.2 | ||||||
|
deoxyribonuclease II beta | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Identifiers | |||||||
Symbol | DNASE2B | ||||||
NCBI gene | 58511 | ||||||
HGNC | 28875 | ||||||
OMIM | 608057 | ||||||
RefSeq | NM_021233 | ||||||
UniProt | Q8WZ79 | ||||||
Other data | |||||||
EC number | 3.1.22.1 | ||||||
Locus | Chr. 1 p22.3 | ||||||
|
The action of DNase occurs in three phases. The initial phase introduces multiple nicks in the phosphodiester backbone. The second phase produces acid-soluble nucleotides. The third phase, which is the terminal phase, consists of hyperchromic shift resulting from reduction of oligonucleotides.[1]
There are several known DNases II, including: