Iannone was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on August 9, 1933.^[3][1] Her father died when she was two years old and she was raised by her mother Sarah Nicoletti Iannone, later Sarah Pucci.^[4] She graduated from Boston University in 1957 with a B.A. in American Literature. She went on to study English literature at the graduate level at Brandeis University. In 1958, she married the painter James Upham and the couple moved to New York City.^[2] The following year, Iannone taught herself to paint alongside her husband.^{[citation needed]} Between 1963 and 1967, she exhibited with her husband at the Stryke Gallery, an exhibition space she ran with her husband in New York and traveled frequently to Europe and Asia.^{[citation needed]} In 1961, the U.S. Customs at the Idlewild Airport in Queens, New York seized the book she was traveling with, The Tropic of Cancer by Henry Miller, which was banned at the time.^[2] Iannone sued the U.S. Customs with assistance from the New York Civil Liberties Union which caused her book to be returned and the ban on Miller to be lifted.^[2]

The majority of Iannone's paintings, texts, and visual narratives depict themes of erotic love.^[2] Her explicit renderings of the human body draw heavily from the artist's travels and from Japanese woodcuts, Greek vases, and visual motifs from Eastern religions, including Tibetan Buddhism, Indian Tantrism, and Christian ecstatic traditions like those of the seventeenth-century Baroque.^[5] Her small wooden statues of celebrities with visible genitals, including Charlie Chaplin and Jacqueline Kennedy, especially display with the artist's interest in African tribal statues.^[2]

The explicit nature of Iannone's work frequently fell foul of censors in the 60s, 70s, and 80s.^[2] The artist said of the early censorship of her work: "When my work was not censored outright, it was either mildly ridiculed or described as folkloric, or just ignored."^[2] In 1969, the Kunsthalle Bern tried to censor Iannone's work in the group exhibition Ausstellung der Freunde by requesting that she cover up the genitals of her figures.^[6] In protest, Dieter Roth dropped out of the exhibition, and the curator of the Kunsthalle Bern, Harald Szeeman, resigned.^[6] Iannone recalled the experience in the Fluxus publication The Story of Bern or Showing Colors (1970).^{[citation needed]}

Iannone's first solo exhibition in the United States, Lioness, was held at the New Museum in 2009.^[6] Her work was featured in numerous group and solo exhibitions across Europe throughout her career, and recently a substantial number of her works were collected in Dorothy Iannone: You Who Read Me With Passion Now Must Forever Be My Friends.^{[citation needed]}

On a trip to Reykjavik, Iceland, in 1967, Iannone met the Swiss artist Dieter Roth.^[2] Iannone separated from her husband one week later.^[2] Iannone lived with Roth in Düsseldorf, Reykjavik, Basel, and London until 1974.^[7] Roth became Iannone's muse and features in much of her artwork. His nickname for her was "lioness."^[2] One of her most noted works involving Roth is her book An Icelandic Saga (1978–86), which vividly illustrates the artist's first encounter with Roth and her subsequent breakup with her husband in the vein of a Norse myth.^[8] She also created paintings of her and Roth in sexual union as historical couples. For instance, I Am Whoever You Want Me To Be (1970) and I Begin To Feel Free (1970) reference both Antony and Cleopatra as well as brightly colored African tribal imagery.^{[citation needed]} Iannone and Roth remained friends until his death in 1998.^[7]

Iannone died on December 26, 2022, at the age of 89.^[9]

• Day for Night: Whitney Biennial (2005), Whitney Museum of American Art, New York ^{[citation needed]}
• Dieter Roth & Dorothy Iannone (2005), Sprengel Museum, Hanover, Germany^{[citation needed]}
• Seek the Extremes: Dorothy Iannone and Lee Lozano (2006), Kunsthalle, Vienna, Austria^{[citation needed]}
• Rebelle. Art and Feminism 1969-2009 (2009), Museum voor Moderne Kunst, Arnhem, The Netherlands^{[citation needed]}
• Dorothy Iannone: Lioness (2009), New Museum of Contemporary Art, New York NY^{[citation needed]}
• Dorothy Iannone: The Next Great Moment In History Is Ours (2012), MOCA Tucson, Tucson, AZ^{[citation needed]}
• Dorothy Iannone, Innocent and Aware (2013), Camden Arts Centre, London, UK^[10]
• Artists' Books of Dorothy Iannone (2014), New York Art Book Fair at MoMA PS1, Long Island City, NY ^[11]

• Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, France^{[citation needed]}
• Museum Ludwig, Cologne, Germany^{[citation needed]}
• Museum Moderner Kunst Stiftung Ludwig Wien (mumok), Vienna, Austria^{[citation needed]}
• The Living Art Museum (NYLO) Reykjavik, Iceland^{[citation needed]}
• Musée d'art moderne de Saint Etienne métropole^{[citation needed]}

• Archivio Conz
• Exposition "Innocent And Aware" Camden Art Center Archived December 16, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, 2013
• You Who Read Me With Passion Now Must Forever Be My Friends at Siglio Press
• Editor's Note "You Who Read Me..." at Siglio Press^{[permanent dead link]}
• Interview with Dorothy Iannone at Siglio Press Archived April 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
• Essay by Trinie Dalton at Siglio Press Archived April 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
• Dorothy Iannone discography at Discogs
• Dorothy Iannone at IMDb