He was taught by Elie Delaunay and Gustave Moreau at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He is a contemporary of Henri Evenepoel, Jules Flandrin, Albert Marquet, Henri Matisse, Léon Printemps, Georges Rouault and other notable alumni from this famous school. He exhibited in the Salon des Artistes Français from 1894 until 1939, and was active on the salon's committees and juries. Maxence combined a highly trained technique with a taste for medieval and mythical subjects and for hermetic imagery; he exhibited at the Salon de la Rose+Croix from 1895 to 1897.

In 1920 he painted the image of Our Lady on the vaulted ceiling of the choir in the Basilica of the Rosary in Lourdes. He also illustrated the book Sainte-Jeanne-d'Arc (1945) by Jean-Joseph-Léonce Villepelet (Bishop of Nantes 1936–1966).

• In the Musée d'Orsay, Paris

Femme à l'Orchidée, 1900

Sérénité, ca. 1912

Tête de jeune fille, 1932

Fleurs des champs, ca. 1950

• Portrait de jeune fille, ca. 1900, Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rennes
• "Le Livre de Paix", Musée des Beaux-Arts de Bordeaux
• L'âme de la forêt, 1898, Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nantes.
• Le Livre de Paix, 1913, Art Gallery of New South Wales
• "Annunciation, Purité", 1901, Wiesbaden Museum