Eriophyllum lanatum, with the common names common woolly sunflower, Oregon sunshine and golden yarrow,[3] is a common, widespread, North American plant in the family Asteraceae.[4][5][2]
Eriophyllum achilleoides (DC.) Greene, syn of var. achillioides
Eriophyllum greenei Elmer, syn of var. achillioides
Eriophyllum idoneum Jeps., syn of var. achillioides
Eriophyllum ternatum Greene, syn of var. achillioides
Bahia arachnoidea Fisch. & Avé-Lall., syn of var. arachnoideum
Bahia latifolia Lindl. 1853 not Benth. 1844, syn of var. arachnoideum
Bahia trolliifolia (Lag.) DC., syn of var. arachnoideum
Eriophyllum arachnoideum (Fisch. & Avé-Lall.) Greene, syn of var. arachnoideum
Eriophyllum trolliifolium Lag., syn of var. arachnoideum
Eriophyllum croceum Greene, syn of var. croceum
Egletes californica Kellogg, syn of var. grandiflorum
Eriophyllum grandiflorum (A.Gray) Greene, syn of var. grandiflorum
Eriophyllum speciosum Greene, syn of var. grandiflorum
Bahia cuneata Kellogg, syn of var. integrifolium
Bahia gracilis Hook. & Arn., syn of var. integrifolium
Bahia integrifolia (Hook.) DC., syn of var. integrifolium
Bahia leucophylla D.C.Eaton 1871 not DC. 1836, syn of var. integrifolium
Bahia multiflora (Nutt.) Nutt., syn of var. integrifolium
Eriophyllum bolanderi Rydb., syn of var. integrifolium
Eriophyllum chrysanthum Rydb., syn of var. integrifolium
Eriophyllum cineraria Rydb., syn of var. integrifolium
Eriophyllum cuneatum Rydb., syn of var. integrifolium
Eriophyllum gracile (Hook. & Arn.) A.Gray, syn of var. integrifolium
Eriophyllum integrifolium (Hook.) Greene, syn of var. integrifolium
Eriophyllum lutescens Rydb., syn of var. integrifolium
Eriophyllum monoense Rydb., syn of var. integrifolium
Eriophyllum multiflorum (Nutt.) Rydb., syn of var. integrifolium
Eriophyllum nevadense Gand., syn of var. integrifolium
Eriophyllum trichocarpum Rydb., syn of var. integrifolium
Eriophyllum watsonii A.Gray, syn of var. integrifolium
Trichophyllum integrifolium Hook., syn of var. integrifolium
Trichophyllum multiflorum Nutt., syn of var. integrifolium
Eriophyllum lanceolatum Howell, syn of var. lanceolatum
Eriophyllum rixfordii Eastw., syn of var. lanceolatum
Eriophyllum leucophyllum (DC.) Howell, syn of var. leucophyllum
Eriophyllum brachylepis Rydb., syn of var. obovatum
Eriophyllum obovatum Greene, syn of var. obovatum
Descriptionedit
Eriophyllum lanatum is a perennial herb growing from 30 to 60 centimetres (12 to 24 inches) in height, in well-branched clumps. Both the stems and leaves may be covered with a woolly gray hair, but some plants lack this. The leaves are 2.5–7.5 cm (1–3 in) long,[3]linear on the upper stems, and slender and pinnately lobed on the lower stems.[2] The hairs conserve water by reflecting heat and reducing air movement across the leaf's surface.[2][3]
The flowers are yellow and composite, looking much like true sunflowers, and sometimes grow to about 5 cm (2 in) wide.[3] Both the (8–12) ray and disk flowers are yellow,[3] with one flower head on each flowering stalk.[2][6] The flower heads have 6–14 rays, which are darker towards the base, and several disk flowers.[7] They bloom from May to August.[4][5] The seeds have scales at the tip.[3]
Shrub prior to bloom
Leaves
Flowers in bloom
Flower close-up
Side view of flower
Taxonomyedit
The Lewis and Clark Expedition reportedly saw this plant growing above their camp on the Clearwater River (near present-day Kamiah, Idaho), and collected two specimens on 6 June 1806.[citation needed] Botanist Frederick Traugott Pursh studied the plants collected on the expedition; his first classification and naming of the species, as Actinella lanata, was published in 1813.[8]
The common name "woolly sunflower" is often used to describe any member of the genus Eriophyllum.
Eriophyllum lanatum var. leucophyllum (DC.) W.R.Carter — British Columbia, Oregon, Washington.
Eriophyllum lanatum var. obovatum (Greene) H.M.Hall — Southern Sierra woolly sunflower; endemic to the western Sierra Nevada and the San Bernardino Mountains in California.[16]
^ abcdefTropicos, Eriophyllum lanatum (Pursh) J. Forbes
^ abcdefgSpellenberg, Richard (2001) [1979]. National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers: Western Region (rev ed.). Knopf. pp. 373–374. ISBN 978-0-375-40233-3.
^ abcdefUniversity of California, Calflora taxon report: Eriophyllum lanatum (Pursh) James Forbes
^ abFlora of North America, Eriophyllum lanatum (Pursh) J. Forbes, 1833. Common woolly sunflower
^ abTaylor, Ronald J. (1994) [1992]. Sagebrush Country: A Wildflower Sanctuary (rev. ed.). Missoula, MT: Mountain Press Pub. Co. p. 144. ISBN 0-87842-280-3. OCLC 25708726.
^Pursh, Frederick Traugott (1813). A Systematic Arrangement and Description of The Plants of North America.
^Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
^Rebman, J. P.; Gibson, J.; Rich, K. (2016). "Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Baja California, Mexico" (PDF). San Diego Society of Natural History. 45: 58.