Five Races Under One Union (Chinese: 五族協和, Japanese: 五族協和) was used as a national motto in Manchukuo, for the five ethnic groups of the Manchus, the Japanese, the Han Chinese, the Mongols and the Koreans. It was similar to the "Five Races Under One Union" (Chinese: 五族共和) motto used by the Republic of China, for the Han, Manchus, Hui, Mongols and Tibetans, but the third of the four Chinese characters was changed from Togetherness (共) to Cooperation (協). Both mottoes were pronounced the same "Go zoku kyōwa" in Japanese.

Five Races Under One Union
The National Flag of Manchukuo
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	五族協和
Simplified Chinese	五族协和
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin wǔzú xiéhé Bopomofo ㄨˇㄗㄨˊㄒㄧㄝˊㄏㄜˊ
Korean name
Hangul	오족협화
Hanja	五族協和
Transcriptions Revised Romanization O jok hyeop hwa
Japanese name
Kanji	五族協和
Hiragana	ごぞくきょうわ
Transcriptions Romanization Gozoku Kyōwa

This motto was symbolized in the national flag of Manchukuo, as the yellow base color (Manchus) with four striped colors in the upper left corner: red (Japanese), blue (Han Chinese), white (Mongols) and black (Koreans).^[1]