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Foreign relations of Slovakia

Summary

The Slovak Republic has been a member of European Union since 2004. Slovakia has been an active participant in U.S.- and NATO-led military actions. There is a joint Czech-Slovak peacekeeping force in Kosovo. After the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attack on the United States, the government opened its airspace to coalition planes. In June 2002, Slovakia announced that they would send an engineering brigade to Afghanistan.

Slovak Republic is a member of the United Nations and participates in its specialized agencies. It is a member of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the OECD. It also is part of the Visegrád Group (Slovakia, Hungary, Czech Republic, and Poland), a forum for discussing areas of common concern. Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic entered into a Customs Union upon the division of Czechoslovakia in 1993, which facilitates a relatively free flow of goods and services. Slovak Republic maintains diplomatic relations with 188 countries.

International disputes edit

Liechtenstein edit

Liechtenstein claims restitution of land in Slovakia confiscated from its princely family in 1918[1] by the then newly established state of Czechoslovakia, the predecessor of the Slovak Republic. The Slovak Republic insists that the power to claim restitution does not go back before February 1948, when the Communists seized power. Slovakia and Liechtenstein established diplomatic relations on 9 December 2009.[2]

Hungary edit

Bilateral government, legal, technical and economic working group negotiations continued in 2006 between Slovakia and Hungary over Hungary's completion of its portion of the Gabcikovo-Nagymaros hydroelectric dam project along the Danube.[3]

Multilateral agreements edit

In July 2022 after the Russian invasion of Ukraine the Prime Minister of Slovakia Eduard Heger made it known that he had entered discussions with the Czech Republic over the protection of Slovak airspace by Czech warplanes in the event that the Slovaks were to donate to the Ukraine the remnants of the Slovak MiG-29 fighter jet fleet, in advance of the fleet's replacement and renewal (at the earliest in 2023) by American F-16 warplanes.[4] The transaction would also include the remnants of Slovakia's Soviet-era T-72 tanks.[4] Czech PM Peter Fiala agreed with this initiative,[5][6] which had been proposed by Ukrainian President Zelensky.[4] The transaction was set to occur in September 2022.[7] In April 2023 it was confirmed that 13 Mig-29 fighters and 30 BVP-1 infantry fighting vehicles were delivered to Ukraine by Slovakia.[8]

International human rights criticism edit

In June 2020, Slovakia openly opposed the Hong Kong national security law.[9]

Diplomatic relations edit

List of countries which Slovakia maintains diplomatic relations with:

 
# Country Date[10]
1   Czech Republic 30 December 1992
2   Albania 1 January 1993
3   Algeria 1 January 1993
4   Argentina 1 January 1993
5   Australia 1 January 1993
6   Austria 1 January 1993
7   Belgium 1 January 1993
8   Brazil 1 January 1993
9   Bulgaria 1 January 1993
10   Canada 1 January 1993
11   Chile 1 January 1993
12   China 1 January 1993
13   Colombia 1 January 1993
14   Croatia 1 January 1993
15   Cuba 1 January 1993
16   Cyprus 1 January 1993
17   Denmark 1 January 1993
18   Ecuador 1 January 1993
19   Egypt 1 January 1993
20   El Salvador 1 January 1993
21   Eswatini 1 January 1993
22   Finland 1 January 1993
23   France 1 January 1993
24   Germany 1 January 1993
25   Greece 1 January 1993
–   Holy See 1 January 1993
26   Hungary 1 January 1993
27   Iceland 1 January 1993
28   India 1 January 1993
29   Indonesia 1 January 1993
30   Iran 1 January 1993
31   Iraq 1 January 1993
32   Ireland 1 January 1993
33   Israel 1 January 1993
34   Italy 1 January 1993
35   Jamaica 1 January 1993
36   Laos 1 January 1993
37   Latvia 1 January 1993
38   Kazakhstan 1 January 1993
39   Kuwait 1 January 1993
40   Kyrgyzstan 1 January 1993
41   Lebanon 1 January 1993
42   Libya 1 January 1993
43   Luxembourg 1 January 1993
44   Malaysia 1 January 1993
45   Malta 1 January 1993
46   Mauritania 1 January 1993
47   Mongolia 1 January 1993
48   Morocco 1 January 1993
49   Myanmar 1 January 1993
50   Netherlands 1 January 1993
51   New Zealand 1 January 1993
52   North Korea 1 January 1993
53   Norway 1 January 1993
54   Pakistan 1 January 1993
–   State of Palestine 1 January 1993
55   Peru 1 January 1993
56   Philippines 1 January 1993
57   Poland 1 January 1993
58   Portugal 1 January 1993
59   Qatar 1 January 1993
60   Romania 1 January 1993
61   Russia 1 January 1993
62   Rwanda 1 January 1993
63   San Marino 1 January 1993
64   Senegal 1 January 1993
65   Serbia 1 January 1993
66   Sierra Leone 1 January 1993
67   Slovenia 1 January 1993
68   South Africa 1 January 1993
69   South Korea 1 January 1993
–   Sovereign Military Order of Malta 1 January 1993
70   Spain 1 January 1993
71   Sweden 1 January 1993
72    Switzerland 1 January 1993
73   Syria 1 January 1993
74   Tanzania 1 January 1993
75   Thailand 1 January 1993
76   Tunisia 1 January 1993
77   Turkey 1 January 1993
78   Turkmenistan 1 January 1993
79   Uganda 1 January 1993
80   Ukraine 1 January 1993
81   United Kingdom 1 January 1993
82   United States 1 January 1993
83   Uruguay 1 January 1993
84   Venezuela 1 January 1993
85   Vietnam 1 January 1993
86   Yemen 1 January 1993
87   Nicaragua 5 January 1993
88   Costa Rica 6 January 1993
89   Lithuania 6 January 1993
90   Seychelles 6 January 1993
91   Paraguay 8 January 1993
92   Kenya 15 January 1993
93   Benin 19 January 1993
94   Uzbekistan 20 January 1993
95   Maldives 21 January 1993
96   Japan 3 February 1993
97   United Arab Emirates 3 February 1993
98   Tajikistan 4 February 1993
99   Mali 12 February 1993
100   Singapore 12 February 1993
101   Belarus 14 February 1993
102   Estonia 15 February 1993
103   Panama 15 February 1993
104   Sri Lanka 15 February 1993
105   Moldova 16 February 1993
106   Democratic Republic of the Congo 18 February 1993
107   Jordan 3 March 1993
108   Oman 3 March 1993
109   Zimbabwe 3 March 1993
110     Nepal 4 March 1993
111   Bolivia 5 March 1993
112   Bangladesh 12 March 1993
113   Guinea 16 March 1993
114   São Tomé and Príncipe 2 April 1993
115   Cape Verde 7 April 1993
116   Guatemala 15 April 1993
117   Zambia 5 May 1993
118   Sudan 27 July 1993
119   Nigeria 1 September 1993
120   Angola 30 September 1993
121   Ghana 1 October 1993
122   Mexico 1 October 1993
123   Armenia 14 November 1993
124   Cameroon 15 November 1993
125   Georgia 25 November 1993
126   Azerbaijan 27 November 1993
127   Malawi 30 December 1993
128   North Macedonia 4 March 1994
129   Barbados 14 April 1994
130   Mozambique 10 May 1994
131   Gabon 14 July 1994
132   Eritrea 26 February 1995
133   Niger 26 April 1995
134   Lesotho 8 May 1995
135   Ethiopia 10 May 1995
136   Bahrain 21 May 1995
137   Mauritius 31 May 1995
138   Saudi Arabia 6 June 1995
139   Gambia 18 August 1995
140   Bosnia and Herzegovina 28 December 1995
141   Madagascar 16 February 1996
142   Andorra 3 July 1996
143   Fiji 8 July 1996[11]
144   Belize 6 August 1996
145   Togo 4 January 1997
146   Cambodia 20 February 1997
147   Guyana 2 April 1997
148   Brunei 6 June 1997
149   Burkina Faso 1 August 1997
150   Haiti 26 September 1997
151   Guinea-Bissau 8 October 1997
152   Namibia 9 November 1997
153   Equatorial Guinea 7 December 1997
154   Trinidad and Tobago 28 May 1998
155   Republic of the Congo 30 June 1998
156   Liberia 6 October 1998
157   Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 9 December 1998
158   Marshall Islands 29 January 1999
159   Grenada 23 February 1999
160   Antigua and Barbuda 21 June 1999
161   Burundi 29 June 1999
162   Papua New Guinea 29 October 1999
163   Samoa 16 March 2000
164   Chad 20 April 2000[12]
165   Djibouti 22 November 2000
166   Dominican Republic 20 March 2001
167   Botswana 29 March 2001
168   Suriname 12 March 2002
169   East Timor 17 October 2002
170   Ivory Coast 28 October 2002
171   Honduras 27 May 2004
172   Bahamas 28 May 2004
173   Saint Lucia 1 May 2005
174   Afghanistan Before 2006[13]
175   Tuvalu 30 January 2006[12]
176   Dominica 7 February 2006
177   Montenegro 28 June 2006
178   Federated States of Micronesia 13 September 2006
179   Palau 24 September 2007
180   Monaco 13 December 2007[14]
181   Saint Kitts and Nevis 26 September 2008
182   Liechtenstein 21 December 2009
183   Solomon Islands 15 March 2011
184   Nauru 24 June 2011
185   South Sudan 12 December 2011
186   Bhutan 26 September 2012
187   Somalia 23 May 2013
188   Comoros 6 June 2017[15]

Bilateral relations edit

Multilateral edit

Organization Formal Relations Began Notes
  European Union See 2004 enlargement of the European Union

Slovakia joined the European Union as a full member on 1 May 2004.

  NATO

Slovakia joined NATO as a full member on 29 March 2004.

Africa edit

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
  Kenya See Kenya–Slovakia relations

Americas edit

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
  Belize 1994

Slovakia is accredited to Belize from its embassy in Mexico City, Mexico.[16]

  Canada
  • Canada recognized Slovak independence in January 1993, and established diplomatic relations a year later.
  • Canada has an embassy office in Bratislava.
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Ottawa and a consulate-general in Toronto.
  • Canadian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade about relations with Slovak Republic
  Colombia 1 January 1993
  • Formal relations were started in 1993-01-01.
  • Colombia is accredited to Slovakia through its embassy in Vienna, Austria.[17]
  • Slovakia is accredited to Colombia from its embassy in Brasilia, Brazil.
  • Slovakia backed-up Colombia's entry into the OECD and was a key player in the ratification of the Colombia-European Union Free Trade Agreement.[17]
  Dominica

Slovakia is accredited to Dominica from its embassy in Havana, Cuba.[16][18]

  Mexico 1 January 1993 See Mexico–Slovakia relations

In November 2017, Slovak President Andrej Kiska paid an official visit to Mexico.[19]

  • Mexico is accredited to Slovakia from its embassy in Vienna, Austria and maintains an honorary consulate in Bratislava.[20]
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Mexico City.[21]
  United States 1 January 1993

See Slovakia–United States relations

Asia edit

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
  Armenia 1994
  China
  • China has an embassy in Bratislava.
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Beijing and a consulate-general in Shanghai.
  India August 1995 See India-Slovakia relations

Since August 1995 India has an embassy in Bratislava and Slovakia has an embassy in New Delhi.[25] The Slovak Government welcomed and appreciated the opening of the Embassy of India, Bratislava (one of 32 resident missions) in August 1995, which was agreed during the former PM Moravcik's visit to India and considered it as a further indication of India's interest in enhancing relations with Slovakia.[26]

  Israel 1993

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1993. Israel has an embassy in Bratislava.[27]

  South Korea 22 March 1990 See Slovakia-South Korea relations

The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Korea and the Slovak Republic began on 22 March 1990.

  • First Vice Foreign Minister Cho Tae-yong and his Slovak counterpart Peter Burian signed the Implementing Programme for Cooperation in the Fields of Culture Education Sport and Tourism between the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea and the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of the Slovak Republic at the Foreign Ministry in Seoul on 17 March.
  • The Implementing Programme aims to facilitate cooperation between the Republic of Korea and Slovakia in the fields of culture education sport and tourism, including people-to-people and content exchanges It also encourages the two countries to participate in cultural and sport events hosted by the other country.
  • This Implementing Programme is the first implementing programme signed since the Republic of Korea and Slovakia concluded the Agreement on Cooperation in the Fields of Culture, Education and Tourism in 2007. The Implementing Programme is expected to contribute to expanding bilateral exchanges and promoting friendly relations by encouraging the two countries to implement cooperation programs in culture, education, sport and tourism for the next three years.[29]
    • Slovakian embassy in Seoul.[30]
    • South Korean embassy in Bratislava.[31]
  Turkey See Slovakia–Turkey relations
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Ankara and an consulate-general in Istanbul.
  • Turkey has an embassy in Bratislava.
  • Both countries are full members of NATO.
  Vietnam See Slovakia–Vietnam relations

Europe edit

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
  Albania

The multi-national Communist armed forces' sole joint action was the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968. All member countries, with the exception of the People's Republic of Albania and the Socialist Republic of Romania participated in the invasion. Albania formally withdrew form the Warsaw Pact in 1968 over the matter.[32]

  Austria
  • Austria has an embassy in Bratislava.[33]
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Vienna and 3 honorary consulates (in Innsbruck, Linz and Salzburg).[34]
  • Both countries share 91 km of common borders.
  • There are around 25,000 people of Slovak descent living in Austria.
  • Slovakia joined the European Union as a full member on 1 May 2004, while Austria joined on 1 January 1995.
  • Austria Ministry of Foreign Affairs: list of bilateral treaties with Slovakia (in German only)
  Bulgaria 1 January 1993
  Cyprus
  • Cyprus is represented in Slovakia through its embassy in Vienna (Austria).
  • Slovak Republic has an embassy in Nicosia and an honorary consulate in Limassol.[37]
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
  • Cyprus Ministry of Foreign Affairs: list of bilateral treatis with Slovakia
  Czech Republic See Czech Republic – Slovakia relations

Between 1918 and 1 January 1993, both countries were part of Czechoslovakia. Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 January 1993.

  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Bratislava.
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Prague.
  • Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.
  Denmark 1993 See Denmark–Slovakia relations
  Estonia
  • Estonia is accredited to Slovakia through its embassy in Vienna, Austria.
  • Slovakia is accredited to Estonia from its embassy in Helsinki, Finland.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
  Finland
  • Finland is accredited to Slovakia from its embassy in Prague, Czech Republic.
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Helsinki.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
  France
  Germany 1993 See Germany–Slovakia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1993 but previously had relations during World War II when Slovakia was a separate state. Germany has an embassy in Bratislava. Slovakia has an embassy in Berlin, an embassy branch in Bonn, a general consulate in Munich. Germany plays an important part in the Slovak economy as it is Slovakia's main trading partner.

  Greece 1 January 1993
  • Greece opened its embassy in Bratislava in September 1996.[40]
  • Slovakia also has an embassy in Athens.
  • Both countries are full members of NATO and the European Union.
  • Greek Foreign Affairs Ministry about relations with Slovakia Archived 14 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  • Slovak Foreign Affairs Ministry about relations with Greece
  Hungary 1993 See Hungary–Slovakia relations
  Latvia
  • Both countries established direct diplomatic relations on 1 January 1993. Latvia is represented in Slovakia through its embassy in Vienna (Austria). Slovakia has an embassy in Riga. Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union. Latvian Foreign Minister Indulis Berzins and his Slovak counterpart Eduard Kukan met in Riga in 2000.[43]
  Luxembourg

Luxembourg is represented in Slovakia through its embassy in Prague, Czech Republic. Slovakia is represented in Luxembourg through its embassy in Brussels (Belgium) and an honorary consulate in Luxembourg-City.

  Malta See Malta–Slovakia relations

Malta is represented in Slovakia through a non-resident ambassador based in Valletta (in the Foreign Ministry). Slovakia is represented in Malta through its embassy in Rome (Italy) and an honorary consulate in Valletta.

  Netherlands 1 January 1993
  • The Netherlands have an embassy in Bratislava.[44]
  • Slovakia has an embassy in The Hague.
  • Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.
  • Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relation with Slovakia (in Dutch only)[permanent dead link]
  Poland 1993 See Poland–Slovakia relations
  • Poland has an embassy in Bratislava.[45]
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Warsaw and a general consulate in Kraków.[46]
  • Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.
  • Both countries share 539 km of common borders.[47]
  Romania 1 January 1993 See Romania–Slovakia relations
  Russia 1 January 1993 See Russia–Slovakia relations
  • Russia opened its embassy in Bratislava in 1993.
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Moscow.
  • https://web.archive.org/web/20180308103617/http://www.rusemb.sk/
  Serbia 1993 See Serbia–Slovakia relations; also see Slovakia's reaction to the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence
  • Serbia has an embassy in Bratislava.[50]
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Belgrade.[51]
  • Serbia is an EU candidate and Slovakia is an EU member.
  • Serbian Ministry of Foreign affairs about the relation with Slovakia
  Spain See Slovakia–Spain relations
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Madrid.
  • Spain has an embassy in Bratislava.
  • Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.
  Sweden
  • Sweden is accredited to Slovakia from its embassy in Vienna, Austria.
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Stockholm.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
  Ukraine 1 January 1993 See Slovakia–Ukraine relations
  United Kingdom 1993 See Slovakia–United Kingdom relations
  • The United Kingdom has an embassy in Bratislava.[55]
  • Slovakia has an embassy in London.[56]
  • Both countries are full members of NATO.
  • British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about the relation with Slovakia

Oceania edit

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
  Australia 1 January 1993
  • Formal relations were started in 1993-01-01.
  • Australia is accredited to Slovakia through its embassy in Vienna, Austria.[57]
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Canberra and 2 honorary consulates in Brisbane and Melbourne.[58]
  • There are around 8,500 people of Slovak descent living in Australia.
  • Australian Department of Foreign affairs and Trade about the relation with Slovakia

See also edit

References edit

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