Geo Imaging Satellite or GISAT is an Indian imaging satellite class for geostationary orbit with a high temporal resolution, meant for providing near real time imaging with fast revisit capability and real time monitoring.[9] Two satellites will provide resolution in the range of 42 to 318 m.[1][10] It will carry multi-spectral (Visible and Near-InfraRed, and Short Wave-InfraRed), multi-resolution (42 to 318 m) imaging instruments.[11]
Manufacturer | |
---|---|
Country of origin | India |
Operator | ISRO |
Applications | Earth observation |
Specifications | |
Bus | I-2K [1] |
Launch mass | 2268 kg [3][4] |
Power | 2280 watts[1] |
Equipment | Ritchey-Chrétien telescope[2] Multispectral array detectors Steerable antenna |
Regime | Geostationary orbit |
Design life | 7 years (planned) |
Production | |
Status | Planned |
Launched | 1 |
Operational | 0 |
Failed | 1 |
Lost | 0 |
Maiden launch | 12 August 2021, 00:13 UTC[5][6][7][8] |
The first satellite; EOS-3 (aka GISAT-1) was launched on 12 August 2021 but failed to reach orbit as cryogenic upper stage of GSLV could not ignite. EOS-3 was supposed to fulfil civilian applications.[12]
The second satellite, EOS-5 (aka GISAT-2) will be acquired by Indian Navy and will differ slightly in capabilities compared to EOS-03 (aka GISAT-1).[13][12][14]
GISATs will image in multi-spectral and hyper-spectral bands to provide near real-time pictures of large areas of the country, under cloud-free conditions, at frequent intervals which is, selected field image in every 5 minutes and entire Indian landmass image every 30 minutes at 42 m spatial resolution.[1]
Features of GISAT-1 are:
Band | Channels | Ground Resolution(m) | Range(μm) |
---|---|---|---|
Multispectral (VNIR) | 6 | 42 | 0.45 – 0.875 |
Hyperspectral (VNIR) | 158 | 318 | 0.375 – 1.0 |
Hyperspectral (SWIR) | 256 | 191 | 0.9 – 2.5 |
Designation | COSPAR ID | NORAD ID | Power | Launch | Orbital parameters | Remarks | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Launch date, Time (UTC) | Launch mass | Launch vehicle | Launch site | Orbit | Longitude | |||||
EOS-03 (GISAT-1) |
Failed to orbit[15] | 2280 watts | 12 August 2021, 00:13 UTC |
2268 kg | GSLV-F10 | SDSC | GTO | 85.5° East (planned) | [16][17][18][19][20][21][4][22][23][8] | |
EOS-05 (GISAT-2) |
TBD | TBD | 2280 watts | March 2024 (planned) | 2268 kg | GSLV | SDSC | GTO | [24][25][23][26] |
The first one (Gisat-1) was for civilian use, but Gisat-2 is for strategic purposes and the navy has very specific requirements which they (Isro) need to meet,
GISAT Series: Geo Imaging Satellite is envisaged to provide high resolution imaging capability from geostationary orbit. It will consist of high-resolution imaging in VNIR (GISAT-1/-2) and LWIR (GISAT-2). There will be two hyperspectral imagers covering VNIR and SWIR regions. GISAT-1 payload was successfully delivered to the project.
GISAT-2 is scheduled for launch in March 2024.