German submarine U-572

Summary

German submarine U-572 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II. Her keel was laid down 15 June 1940 at the Blohm & Voss yard in Hamburg as yard number 548. She was launched on 5 April 1941 and commissioned on 29 May.

History
Nazi Germany
NameU-572
Ordered24 October 1939
BuilderBlohm & Voss of Hamburg
Yard number548
Laid down15 June 1940
Launched5 April 1941
Commissioned29 May 1941
FateSunk on 3 August 1943 off Trinidad
General characteristics
Class and typeType VIIC submarine
Displacement
Length
Beam
  • 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in) o/a
  • 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Height9.60 m (31 ft 6 in)
Draught4.74 m (15 ft 7 in)
Installed power
  • 2,800–3,200 PS (2,100–2,400 kW; 2,800–3,200 bhp) (diesels)
  • 750 PS (550 kW; 740 shp) (electric)
Propulsion
Speed
  • 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced
  • 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged
Range
  • 8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced
  • 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth
  • 230 m (750 ft)
  • Crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft)
Complement4 officers, 40–56 enlisted
Armament
Service record[1]
Part of:
Identification codes: M 42 493
Commanders:
  • Kptlt. Heinz Hirsacker
  • 29 May 1941 – 18 December 1942
  • Oblt.z.S. Heinz Kummetat
  • 18 December 1942 – 3 August 1943
Operations:
  • 9 patrols:
  • 1st patrol:
  • 2 September – 2 October 1941
  • 2nd patrol:
  • 30 October – 29 November 1941
  • 3rd patrol:
  • 7 January – 10 February 1942
  • 4th patrol:
  • 14 March – 14 May 1942
  • 5th patrol:
  • 30 June – 3 September 1942
  • 6th patrol:
  • 12 October – 22 November 1942
  • 7th patrol:
  • 23 December 1942 – 11 February 1943
  • 8th patrol:
  • 10 March – 18 April 1943
  • 9th patrol:
  • 2 June – 3 August 1943
Victories:
  • 6 merchant ships sunk
    (19,323 GRT)
  • 1 merchant ship damaged
    (6,207 GRT)

Design edit

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-572 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged.[2] She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two BBC GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).[2]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph).[2] When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-572 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and a 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.[2]

Service history edit

U-572 undertook nine patrols before it was sunk by an Allied marine aircraft in the Mid Atlantic in 1943.

The boat made an attempt to enter the Mediterranean but the commander gave up after a long period submerged in the heavy defences at Gibraltar and stated that he considered that his boat had been damaged and therefore he could not continue. However, Kapitänleutnant Heinz Hirsacker was reported by his senior watch officer for alleged cowardice. He was found guilty of "cowardice in the presence of the enemy" by courts marshall. On 24 April 1943 he committed suicide shortly before his execution.[3] The U Boat was depth charged and sunk by a US Martin PBM Mariner from VP-205 NE of Trinidad on 3 August 1943, in position 11°35′N 54°05′W / 11.583°N 54.083°W / 11.583; -54.083. All 47 crew members died.

Wolfpacks edit

U-572 took part in eleven wolfpacks, namely:

  • Brandenburg (15 September – 1 October 1941)
  • Störtebecker (5 – 19 November 1941)
  • Gödecke (19 – 26 November 1941)
  • Hai (3 – 21 July 1942)
  • Streitaxt (20 October – 2 November 1942)
  • Schlagetot (9 – 16 November 1942)
  • Falke (28 December 1942 – 19 January 1943)
  • Landsknecht (19 – 28 January 1943)
  • Hartherz (3 – 7 February 1943)
  • Seeteufel (21 – 30 March 1943)
  • Löwenherz (1 – 10 April 1943)

Summary of raiding history edit

Date Ship Name Nationality Tonnage[Note 1] Fate[4]
4 April 1942 Ensis   United Kingdom 6,207 Damaged
16 April 1942 Desert Light   Panama 2,368 Sunk
20 April 1942 Empire Dryden   United Kingdom 7,164 Sunk
7 August 1942 Delfshaven   Netherlands 5,281 Sunk
22 June 1943 Lot   Free French Naval Forces 4,220 Sunk
14 July 1943 Harvard   United Kingdom 114 Sunk
15 July 1943 Gilbert B. Walters   United Kingdom 176 Sunk

References edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Merchant ship tonnages are in gross register tons. Military vessels are listed by tons displacement.

Citations edit

  1. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type VIIC boat U-572". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 15 October 2014.
  2. ^ a b c d Gröner 1991, pp. 43–46.
  3. ^ "Uboat.net - Heinz Hirsacker". www.uboat.net. Retrieved 13 September 2019.
  4. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Ships hit by U-572". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 3 February 2014.

Bibliography edit

  • Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
  • Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Der U-Boot-Krieg, 1939-1945: Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945] (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
  • Gröner, Eric; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). German Warships 1815-1945: U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
  • Sharpe, Peter (1998). U-Boat Fact File. Earl Shilton: Midland Counties. ISBN 1-85780-072-9.

External links edit

  • Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type VIIC boat U-572". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 29 December 2014.

11°35′N 54°05′W / 11.583°N 54.083°W / 11.583; -54.083