Giera (Hungarian: Gyér; German: Gier; Serbian: Ђир, romanized: Đir) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Giera (commune seat), Grănicerii and Toager.
Giera | |
---|---|
Giera Location in Romania | |
Coordinates: 45°24′N 21°0′E / 45.400°N 21.000°E | |
Country | Romania |
County | Timiș |
Government | |
• Mayor (2020–2024) | Radu Vicol[1] (PSD) |
Area | 91 km2 (35 sq mi) |
Population (2021-12-01)[3] | 1,131 |
• Density | 12/km2 (32/sq mi) |
Time zone | EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3) |
Postal code | 307215–307217 |
Vehicle reg. | TM |
The first recorded mention of Giera dates from 1322, when it was a property of the Csanád clan[4] Tivadar Vejtehi donated it to his son-in-law Omori Gál.[5] At the 1717 census, in Giera there were 12 houses inhabited by Serbs and an Orthodox church (built since 1667).[5] They settled here during the 17th century. From 1795, the domain (including Toager, Grănicerii and Livezile) came into the possession of the Gyertyánffy family , a Hungarian noble family of Armenian origin, taking the name Gyér.[6] In 1829, Lukács Gyertyánffy built a mansion in Giera, near the grain storehouse (now a historical monument), built in turn by Andor Gyertyánffy; the mansion is preserved to this day.[6] The Gyertyánffys also owned a grove called Gradinaț (Hungarian: Grádácz), where an Avar ring and a Turkish fortress were later unearthed.[5]
;Giera had a population of 1,239 inhabitants at the 2011 census, down 6% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (65.54%), larger minorities being represented by Hungarians (17.03%), Roma (7.99%), Serbs (4.52%) and Germans (1.69%). For 2.99% of the population, ethnicity is unknown.[7] By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (68.2%), but there are also minorities of Roman Catholics (20.82%), Serbian Orthodox (4.44%), Pentecostals (1.29%) and Baptists (1.13%). For 2.99% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.[8]
Census[9] | Ethnic composition | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Population | Romanians | Hungarians | Germans | Roma | Serbs |
1880 | 2,888 | 834 | 353 | 1,290 | – | 397 |
1890 | 3,442 | 837 | 588 | 1,550 | – | 458 |
1900 | 3,504 | 850 | 668 | 1,514 | – | 457 |
1910 | 3,483 | 943 | 652 | 1,345 | – | 527 |
1920 | 3,461 | 875 | 732 | 1,362 | – | – |
1930 | 3,221 | 1,045 | 493 | 1,260 | 1 | 404 |
1941 | 3,261 | 1,177 | 560 | 1,147 | – | – |
1956 | 2,473 | 856 | 520 | 764 | – | 317 |
1966 | 2,185 | 774 | 512 | 652 | – | 244 |
1977 | 1,697 | 750 | 414 | 349 | 11 | 170 |
1992 | 1,228 | 719 | 303 | 43 | 64 | 97 |
2002 | 1,321 | 855 | 276 | 32 | 88 | 64 |
2011 | 1,239 | 812 | 211 | 21 | 99 | 56 |