Antônio Ernesto Gomes Carneiro (November 28, 1846 – February 9, 1894) was a Brazilian army officer and veteran of the Paraguayan War. Antônio Ernesto Gomes Carneiro fought on the side of the Republican government in the Federalist Revolution, where he was killed in action, during the Siege of Lapa. Carneiro died unaware of his promotion to Brigade General, which was awarded the day prior to his death, for his actions in battle.

Antônio Ernesto Gomes Carneiro
Born	(1846-11-28)November 28, 1846 Serro, Minas Gerais, Empire of Brazil
Died	February 9, 1894(1894-02-09) (aged 47) Lapa, Paraná, Brazil
Buried	Panteão dos Heroes (City of Lapa)
Allegiance	Empire of Brazil Brazil
Service/branch	Imperial Brazilian Army  Brazilian Army
Rank	Colonel
Battles/wars	Paraguayan War Federalist Revolution

Carneiro began his military career when he graduated from the Instituto Militar de Engenharia (Brazilian military academy) in 1872. In 1875 Carneiro received the rank of lieutenant and was subsequently awarded the rank of captain in 1877. He was then promoted to the rank of major in 1887, a lieutenant colonel in 1890, and finally a colonel in 1892. Antônio Ernesto Gomes Carneiro would remain a colonel until his promotion to Brigade General one day prior to his death.