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Gray Stenborg

Summary

Gray Stenborg DFC (13 October 1921 – 24 September 1943) was a New Zealand flying ace of the Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) during the Second World War. He was credited with 14 confirmed victories, one shared destroyed, and three damaged.

Gray Stenborg
Born(1921-10-13)13 October 1921
Auckland, New Zealand
Died24 September 1943(1943-09-24) (aged 21)
Buried
Marissel French National Cemetery, Beauvais, France
AllegianceNew Zealand
Service/branchRoyal New Zealand Air Force
Years of service1940–1943 †
RankFlight Lieutenant
UnitNo. 91 Squadron
No. 185 Squadron
No. 111 Squadron
Battles/warsSecond World War
AwardsDistinguished Flying Cross

Born in Auckland, Stenborg joined the RNZAF in July 1940. After receiving flight training in New Zealand and Canada, he was sent to England to serve with the Royal Air Force. His first operational posting was to No. 485 Squadron and he later flew with No. 111 Squadron, and during his time there shot down four enemy aircraft. In June 1942, he was sent to Malta as a reinforcement pilot, flying a Supermarine Spitfire off the flight deck of HMS Eagle to the island where he joined No. 185 Squadron. He destroyed several aircraft during his time on Malta, returning to Europe in late August 1942. After a period of time as an instructor, he was posted to No. 91 Squadron. He was killed on 24 September 1943 during a mission escorting bombers to France.

Early life edit

Gray Stenborg was born in Auckland on 13 October 1921, the only son of Gunnar Stenborg, a Swedish emigrant to New Zealand, and his wife Ruby.[1][2] The family lived in the Auckland suburb of Parnell and Stenborg was educated at King's College, where he played in the school's first XI. He was also active in rowing and yachting.[3]

Second World War edit

In July 1940, Stenborg joined the Royal New Zealand Air Force and trained at Whenuapai on Blackburn Baffin and Vickers Vildebeest aircraft. By the end of the year he had been selected for pilot training and went on to No. 4 Elementary Training School in February 1941 before proceeding to Canada two months later for further flight training. He gained his wings and was promoted to sergeant in August and shortly afterwards was dispatched to England to serve with the Royal Air Force.[4]

United Kingdom edit

 
Stenborg standing in front of a North American Harvard trainer during his time in Canada, 1941

On arrival in the United Kingdom Stenborg went to No. 58 Operational Training Unit (OTU) at Grangemouth, flying Supermarine Spitfire fighter aircraft, and in December 1941 was posted to No. 485 Squadron. He flew on three operations before being transferred to No. 111 Squadron in January 1942.[2] He shot down a Focke-Wulf Fw 190 fighter near St. Omer on 26 April, commencing a run where he shot down four aircraft in five days. He destroyed another Fw 190 the next day and on 30 April he shot down two more.[5][6]

Malta edit

In early June 1942, Stenborg, now a pilot officer, was sent to Malta, sailing aboard the aircraft carrier HMS Eagle as a reinforcement for the squadrons operating from the island. He flew a Spitfire off the flight deck of Eagle early in the morning of 9 June and on arrival at Malta was assigned to No. 185 Squadron.[7] One of four pilots from the squadron scrambled in the evening of 15 June to deal with a bombing raid on a convoy off Malta, he damaged two Junkers Ju 88 medium bombers and destroyed an escorting Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighter.[8][9] He claimed two Bf 109s on 5 July; they were part of a group of between 15 and 20 fighters escorting Ju 88s making a bombing raid on Malta.[9][10] Another two Bf 109s were claimed as destroyed on 9 July, when Stenborg was part of a group of 30 Spitfires that intercepted six Ju 88s and escorting fighters raiding Takali.[9][11] For his exploits during the early part of the month, he was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC).[12] The citation, published on 28 July in the London Gazette, read:

Pilot Officer Stenborg has displayed great determination and keenness to engage the enemy. One day in July, 1942, he encountered a superior force of enemy fighters which were acting as escort to bombers. Pilot Officer Stenborg attacked the enemy fighters, destroying two of them, and dispersed the remainder, thus enabling other Royal Air Force fighters to attack the bombers. A few days later he completed a similar operation and again shot down two enemy fighters. Pilot Officer Stenborg has now destroyed eight enemy aircraft.

— London Gazette, No. 35646, 28 July 1942[13]

At the end of July, while carrying out an air test on a Spitfire, Stenborg encountered three Bf 109s. Having the benefit of height he surprised the trio, destroying one of them.[14][15] On 17 August, while leading a flight of four Spitfires, he came across several Bf 109s. One of the pilots in his flight destroyed two Bf 109s while Stenborg shot down another. However, in turn he had his aircraft badly damaged. With his aircraft in a dive from 8,200 metres (26,900 ft), he struggled to open the hood. He was eventually able to bale out, landing in the sea 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from Malta and taking to his inflatable dinghy before being rescued.[16][17][18] Stenborg was soon joined at No. 185 Squadron by fellow New Zealander John Houlton, who later described him as "an amusing, volatile type".[19] At the time of Houlton's arrival, Stenborg had just been grounded for performing low-level acrobatics over the squadron's airfield.[19]

Channel Front edit

Having flown 34 operational flights for No. 185 Squadron, Stenborg returned to England in late August and spent a period of time on instructing duties at No. 58 OTU, and then went on to Flight Leaders School before being posted in May 1943 to No. 91 Squadron, which operated Mk XII Spitfires.[2][4] Now a flight lieutenant, on 24 August, he shared in the destruction of a Fw 190 and on 4 September claimed sole credit for destroying another Fw 190. He damaged a further Fw 190 the same day. A Fw 190 was shot down on 16 September followed by a Bf 109 a week later.[20]

While flying a Ramrod mission escorting bombers to Beauvais in France on 24 September 1943, No. 91 Squadron encountered a large group of enemy fighters. During the resulting dogfight, Stenborg was shot down and killed. His aircraft crashed 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from Beauvais. He was buried nearby at the Marissel French National Cemetery, Oise. He had flown 120 operational flights for No. 91 Squadron and 188 altogether by the time of his death. He was credited with 14 enemy aircraft destroyed, one shared destroyed, and three damaged.[21][22][23][24]

Legacy edit

He is one of the 191 New Zealanders killed in the Second World War who are listed on the Takapuna War Memorial.[25] He is also listed on the Howick and Pakuranga First World War Memorial, in a section for those killed in the Second World War.[26]

Notes edit

  1. ^ "Cenotaph Record: Gray Stenborg". Online Cenotaph. Auckland Museum. Retrieved 20 December 2020.
  2. ^ a b c Lambert 2011, pp. 310–312.
  3. ^ "Commission Gained - Young Auckland Airman". New Zealand Herald. No. 24120. 12 November 1941. Retrieved 20 December 2020.
  4. ^ a b Martyn 2008, pp. 452–453.
  5. ^ Thompson 1953, p. 343.
  6. ^ Morris 2000, p. 192.
  7. ^ Cull & Galea 2005, pp. 155–157.
  8. ^ Cull & Galea 2005, pp. 165–166.
  9. ^ a b c Morris 2000, p. 194.
  10. ^ Cull & Galea 2005, p. 186.
  11. ^ Cull & Galea 2005, p. 201.
  12. ^ Cull & Galea 2005, pp. 236–237.
  13. ^ "No. 35646". The London Gazette (Supplement). 28 July 1942. p. 3303.
  14. ^ Cull & Galea 2005, p. 235.
  15. ^ Morris 2000, p. 195.
  16. ^ Cull & Galea 2005, pp. 256–257.
  17. ^ Thompson 1959, p. 150.
  18. ^ Morris 2000, p. 196.
  19. ^ a b Houlton 1985, p. 57.
  20. ^ Morris 2000, pp. 207–208.
  21. ^ Martyn 1999, p. 146.
  22. ^ Morris 2000, p. 328.
  23. ^ Spick 1997, p. 219.
  24. ^ "Casualty Details: Flight Lieutenant Gray Stenborg". Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Retrieved 20 December 2020.
  25. ^ "Takapuna war memorial". New Zealand History. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 20 December 2020.
  26. ^ "Howick and Pakuranga First World War memorial". New Zealand History. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 20 December 2020.

References edit

  • Cull, Brian; Galea, Frederick (2005). Spitfires Over Malta: The Epic Air Battles of 1942. London: Grub Street. ISBN 1-904943-30-6.
  • Houlton, Johnnie (1985). Spitfire Strikes: A New Zealand Fighter Pilot's Story. London: John Murray. ISBN 0-7195-4178-6.
  • Lambert, Max (2011). Day After Day: New Zealanders in Fighter Command. Auckland: HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 978-1-86950-844-9.
  • Martyn, Errol (1999). For Your Tomorrow - A Record of New Zealanders Who Have Died While Serving with the RNZAF and Allied Air Services Since 1915 - Volume Two: Fates 1943–1998. Christchurch: Volplane Press. ISBN 0-473-06311-5.
  • Martyn, Errol (2008). For Your Tomorrow - A Record of New Zealanders Who Have Died While Serving with the RNZAF and Allied Air Services Since 1915 - Volume Three: Biographies & Appendices. Christchurch: Volplane Press. ISBN 978-0-473-12829-6.
  • Morris, Gerard S. (2000). Spitfire: The New Zealand Story. Auckland: Reed Books. ISBN 0-7900-0696-0.
  • Spick, Mike (1997). Allied Fighter Aces: The Air Combat Tactics and Techniques of World War II. London: Greenhill Books. ISBN 1-85367-282-3.
  • Thompson, H. L. (1953). New Zealanders with the Royal Air Force. Official History of New Zealand in the Second World War 1939–45. Vol. I. Wellington: War History Branch. OCLC 270919916.
  • Thompson, H. L. (1959). New Zealanders with the Royal Air Force. Official History of New Zealand in the Second World War 1939–45. Vol. III. Wellington: War History Branch. OCLC 758472141.

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