The seat covers Guildford itself and a more rural area within the Surrey Hills AONB. The seat voted Remain in the 2016 EU referendum, and has wealthier and healthier residents than the national average.[2]
Historyedit
From the first Commons in the Model Parliament of 1295 Guildford was a parliamentary borough sending two members to Parliament until 1868[3][n 3] and one until 1885. In the latter years of sending two members a bloc vote system of elections was used. Until 1885 the electorate in the town of Guildford elected the member(s) of parliament,[4] which expanded in 1885 into a county division under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885.
Early political historyedit
The seat elected between 1868 and 2001 Conservatives. Exceptions in this period took place when the two-then-three main British parties' policies were beginning to coalesce. The first was a continuation of the centuries-old representation of Guildford by influential members of the Earl of Onslow's family, including a single member winning three widely spaced elections, before being defeated by a further member of the same family in its minor Sussex and British Indian branch, then the majority of the seat's voters were again swayed toward the Liberal landslide of the 1906 general election.
Modern political historyedit
Successive elections in 2001 and 2005 saw marginal majorities of under 2% of the vote - in favour of a Liberal Democrat and then a Conservative. The 2015 result brought the incumbent MP a Conservative majority of more than 41%, up from 14% in 2010. The seat swung substantially to the Liberal Democrats in 2019, and is now a marginal again with a Conservative majority of just over 3,000 votes.
Boundariesedit
Context of 1906.
Context of 1923
Map of current boundaries
1885–1918: The Boroughs of Guildford and Godalming, the Sessional Division of Farnham, and part of the Sessional Division of Guildford.
1918–1950: The Boroughs of Guildford and Godalming, the Urban District of Haslemere,[a] the Rural District of Hambledon,[a] and the Rural District of Guildford[b] except the civil parish of Pirbright.
^ abWas part of Sessional Division of Farnham, the remainder of which formed, with Woking and most of modern Surrey Heath a new seat, named Farnham
^This meant rural gains from Chertsey e.g. Send, Ripley, E. & W. Clandon and E. & W. Horsley
1950–1983: The Borough of Guildford, in the Rural District of Guildford the parishes of Artington, Compton, Puttenham, Shackleford, Shalford, Wanborough, and Worplesdon, and in the Rural District of Hambledon the parishes of Alfold, Bramley, Busbridge, Cranleigh, Dunsfold, Ewhurst, Hambledon, Hascombe, and Wonersh.
1983–1997: The Borough of Guildford wards of Christchurch, Friary and St Nicolas, Holy Trinity, Merrow and Burpham, Onslow, Pilgrims, Shalford, Stoke, Stoughton, Tongham, Westborough, and Worplesdon, and the District of Waverley wards of Blackheath and Wonersh, Bramley, Cranleigh East, Cranleigh West, Ewhurst, and Shamley Green.
1997–2010: As above less Tongham ward.
2010–present: The Borough of Guildford wards of Burpham, Christchurch, Friary and St Nicolas, Holy Trinity, Merrow, Onslow, Pilgrims, Shalford, Stoke, Stoughton, Westborough, and Worplesdon, and the Borough of Waverley wards of Alfold, Blackheath and Wonersh, Cranleigh East, Cranleigh Rural and Ellens Green, Cranleigh West, Ewhurst, and Shamley Green and Cranleigh North.
The seat, at greatest limits from 1885 to 1918, still comprises Guildford and nearby parts of Surrey.
The Borough of Guildford wards of: Burpham; Christchurch; Clandon and Horsley; Effingham; Friary and St. Nicolas; Holy Trinity; Lovelace; Merrow; Onslow; Send; Stoke; Stoughton; Westborough; Worplesdon.[5]
The electorate will be reduced to bring it within the permitted range by transferring the parts in the Borough of Waverley, including Cranleigh to the newly created constituency of Godalming and Ash (except the small Ewhurst ward, which will be included in Dorking and Horley). To compensate, the wards of Clandon and Horsley, Effingham, Lovelace, and Send will become part of the constituency, moving from the former Mole Valley constituency.[6]
Following a local government boundary review which came into effect in May 2023,[7][8] the constituency will now comprise the following wards of the Borough of Guildford from the next general election:
This constituency underwent boundary changes between the 1992 and 1997 general elections and thus change in share of vote is based on a notional calculation.
Boundaries were redrawn in time for the 1950 general election. From 1918 to 1950 the three parts of western Surrey are set out at the 1918 results below. The next change saw an additional seat duty carved out, to be Woking. As a result, Guildford, now oversized, shrank considerably in area and population. To the south the areas of Godalming, Elstead, Thursley, Whitley, Haslemere and Chiddingford were added to the Farnham seat. To the east Send, Ripley, Wisley, Ockham, St Martha, Albury, Shere, Clandon and Horsley were added to Dorking.[39]
These boundaries centred on the town of Guildford plus an area southwards towards Cranleigh, became, with small changes in later reviews, form the basic shape for Guildford until present.
From 1885 to 1918 the west part of Surrey had been represented by two seats - in the north the seat of Chertsey, in the south that of Guildford. Boundaries were redrawn for proper apportionment in time for the 1918 general election such that the same area saw three seats - Farnham in the west, Chertsey in the north east and Guildford in the south east.
As a result, the seat lost the areas of Ash, Normandy, Seale, Frensham and Farnham, towards its west, but to the east gained the areas of Merrow, Send, Ripley, Ockham, Wisley, Clandon and Horsley from Chertsey.[43]
Constituency boundaries were redrawn in time for the 1885 general election. From 1868 to 1885 the west part of Surrey had been represented by two constituencies, one known as Guildford (which consisted of the town centre of Guildford and little else) and one constituency known as Surrey Western, which comprised the rest of that part of the county of Surrey. The Guildford constituency was both geographically and in size of electorate significantly smaller than the Surrey Western constituency. The 1885 to 1918 constituency boundaries saw the area of west Surrey divided into two constituencies more equal in size of population and land area. The north part of west Surrey was given the constituency name Chertsey, the south part Guildford.[48]
Constituency boundaries were redrawn in time for the 1868 election.
Prior to the 1868 general election, the constituency of Guildford was represented by two Members of Parliament. That was reduced to one from 1868 onwards.
The 1868 to 1885 constituency known as Guildford was geographically limited to an area around the current centre of Guildford town. This is in marked contrast to the various post-1885 versions of the constituency known as Guildford all of which have had a much greater geographical area. The 1868 constituency was, at its maximum, little over one mile east to west, and just over one mile north to south.[51] (Most of the area which is in the modern constituency of Guildford would in 1868 have been part of the Surrey Western Constituency, rather than the Guildford Constituency.)
The 17 December 1866 by-election was caused by Bovill resigning as an MP following his appointment to judicial office, namely Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas.
The 11 July 1866 by-election resulted from the need of Bovill to seek re-election upon his appointment as Solicitor General for England and Wales. Long withdrew from the contest before polling.[53]
Party designations for many candidates during the 1830s, 1840s and 1850s can be problematic as party ties were not as strong as those that developed, in Britain, in the late 19th century. Therefore, for the 1830s to 1850s election results, listed below, the term Liberal includes Whigs and Radicals; and the term Conservative includes Tories and Peelites, unless otherwise specified.
^At the 1806 general election, two Tories were returned: Onslow and Sumner. However, a petition was lodged, and on 16 March 1807 Sumner's election was overturned in favour of the 3rd-placed candidate, the Whig Chapple Norton
^Due to ward changes somewhat notional (Con-Lib Dem) swing and (Con-Lab) was higher: -9.45
^Notional, based on pact kept here for Liberals to field candidates, pre-merger in forming the Liberal Democrats
^Notional Con to SDP swing, most of this swing was Lab and Lib to SDP, shown by the single party swing of -2.2%
^Again mostly an opposite sign swing caused by a larger other two-party swing. Here: Lib to Lab
^Theoretical Con-Lab swing but wiped out by gains from an additional opponent party, a Liberal
Referencesedit
^"Electorate Figures - Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwx"History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 29 October 2011.
^ abcdefghijk"History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 29 October 2011.
^ abcdefghij"History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 29 October 2011.
^ abcLeigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "G" (part 2)
^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaStooks Smith, Henry (1845). The Parliaments of England, from 1st George I., to the Present Time. Vol II: Oxfordshire to Wales Inclusive. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. pp. 66–68.
^For political affiliation see Stoke next Guildford pp57-8, 1999 edition, author Lyn Clark, publisher Phillimore.
^"Elections Decided". Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser. 10 July 1841. p. 6. Retrieved 5 November 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^"Towns and Cities of England and Wales". Newcastle Journal. 10 July 1841. p. 4. Retrieved 5 November 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^Kinealy, Christine (2013). "Notes". Charity and the Great Hunger in Ireland: The Kindness of Strangers. London: Bloomsbury. p. 345. ISBN 978-1-4411-7660-8. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
^ ab"Guildford". London Standard. 2 July 1852. p. 4. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
^"Guildford Election". Exeter and Plymouth Gazette. 10 July 1852. pp. 4, 7. Retrieved 13 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^ abcdefgFor political affiliation see Guildford p180, 1982 edition, author ER Chamberlin, publisher Phillimore.
^"News of the Week". Hertford Mercury and Reformer. 30 October 1858. p. 4. Retrieved 13 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^"Town Talk". Usk Observer, Raglan Herald, and Monmouthshire Central Advertiser. 30 October 1858. p. 2. Retrieved 13 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^"Liberal Democrat Prospective Parliamentary Candidates". Mark Pack. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
^Guildford Labour Party [@GuildfordLabour] (15 April 2024). "We're delighted to announce the selection of @sarahgillinson as our Labour candidate for the General Election, here in the seat of Guildford! We are looking forward to Sarah bringing her values and ideas to campaign for Labour-led change in Guildford" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
^"Angela Richardson readopted as Conservative candidate". Angela Richardson. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
^"Guildford Constituency". Reform UK. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
^"Guildford Parliamentary constituency". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
^"Guildford parliamentary constituency". BBC News.
^"Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
^"Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
^"Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
^"Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
^"Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
^"Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
^"Politics Resources". Election 1992. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
^"Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
^"Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
^For 1918 to 1950 constituency see http://vision.port.ac.uk/maps/sheet/bc_reports_1917/Surrey_1917, for 1950 to 1955 constituency see http://vision.port.ac.uk/maps/sheet/bc_reports_1900s/Great_Britain_Sheet2
^1918-1929 results see British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949 FWS Craig
^See http://vision.port.ac.uk/maps/sheet/bc_reports_1917/Surrey_1917 for map of constituencies used in 1918 and compare to http://vision.port.ac.uk/maps/sheet/bc_reports_1885/Surrey_1885 for map of 1885-1918 constituencies.
^1885-1910 results see British Parliamentary Results 1885-1918 FWS Craig
^ abcdefghCraig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 9781349022984.
^"Sir Horace Davey, Q.C., M.P., has consented to address a Liberal meeting at Guildford on Monday evening". The Morning Post. 27 September 1890. p. 5. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
^Lythgoe, Darrin. "Horace Davey". Tatham Family History. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
^For 1868 constituency boundary maps see http://vision.port.ac.uk/maps/sheet/bc_reports_1868/Guildford_1868 For 1885 to 1918 constituency boundary map see http://vision.port.ac.uk/maps/sheet/bc_reports_1885/Surrey_1885
^ abcdefghijklmnoCraig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.
^"The Pollings". Huddersfield Chronicle. 3 April 1880. p. 7. Retrieved 28 November 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^The boundary ran roughly from just west of Guildford Railway Station, to Cross Lanes in the east. See http://vision.port.ac.uk/maps/sheet/bc_reports_1868/Guildford_1868 for further details.
