HUBO Knowpia

HUBO
Hangul	휴보
Revised Romanization	Hyubo
McCune–Reischauer	Hyubo

HUBO
	Albert HUBO, the latest humanoid version of the HUBO robots, can make expressive gestures with its 5 separate fingers.
Manufacturer	KAIST
Year of creation	2005

HUBO (Korean: 휴보; designated KHR-3) is a walking humanoid robot, head mounted on a life-size walking bipedal frame, developed by the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) and released on January 6, 2005. According to Hubo's creator Prof Jun-Ho Oh and his Plenary Session at ICRA 2012 entitled Development Outline of the Humanoid Robot: HUBO II the name Hubo is simply a name, not an abbreviation.

Hubo has voice recognition and synthesis faculties, as well as sophisticated vision in which its two eyes move independently of one another.

Prototypes edit

Korea's history in robotics engineering is relatively short. KAIST only began research in 2000, led by professor Oh Jun-ho. The first prototype, KHR-0, consisting of two legs without an upper body was built in 2001. KHR-1 was developed without a head or hands released in 2003, followed by a complete humanoid KHR-2 in 2004.^{[citation needed]}

KHR-3 HUBO edit

The KHR-3's physical specifications, such as height, weight, and the number of DOFs (degrees of freedom), were similar to Honda's ASIMO, which served as the benchmark for the project. In terms of AI and movements, HUBO fell short of the "next-gen ASIMO," which was unveiled three months later. While HUBO could only walk at 1.25 km/h, the ASIMO could walk at 2.5 km/h and also run at 3 km/h. The ASIMO was also capable of walking up and down stairs, which was a temporary shortcoming for HUBO needing further development. KAIST researchers noted, however, that HUBO could play kai-bai-bo (the Korean version of rock paper scissors), which was impossible for ASIMO since its fingers could not move independently of each other.^{[citation needed]}

Albert Hubo edit

In November 2005, KAIST, Korea and Dallas, Texas based Hanson Robotics, Inc (HRI) released the world's first android head mounted on a life-size walking bi-pedal frame at the APEC Summit in Seoul, Korea. The walking frame was based on the KHR-3 HUBO, while the head was an exact recreation of the late physicist, Albert Einstein. The android was able to speak and cover a wide range of natural facial expressions, built upon prior HRI development on the Philip K. Dick android, which made its official debut at the Wired Magazine NextFest '05 in Chicago, Illinois.

The humanoid prototype was officially dubbed "Albert Einstein Hubo".

Jaemi HUBO / HUBO 2 edit

Jaemi HUBO was developed from 2008 to 2009. The complete humanoid robot was given a slimmer design with an aluminum endoskeleton and a polycarbonate frame, resulting in a slightly taller height but a 20% lighter weight than its predecessors. Its movements were more realistic since the arms made quicker and more natural motions, and the legs could stretch to imitate human walking, which also consumes less energy than the traditional humanoid walking based on the Zero Moment Point trajectory. Its walking speed was improved to 1.5 km/h, and it also acquired the ability to run at 3.0 km/h (which is still much slower than the new ASIMO's 9 km/h by comparison).^{[citation needed]}

Specifications edit

	KHR-0 (2001)	KHR-1 (2002)	KHR-2 (2004)	HUBO (KHR-3) (2005)	Albert HUBO (2005)	HUBO 2 (KHR-4) (2008)	HUBO 2 Plus (2011)
Weight	29 kg	48 kg	56 kg	56 kg	57 kg	45 kg^[1]	43 kg
Height	110 cm	120 cm	120 cm	125 cm	137 cm	125 cm	130 cm
Walking speed	-	1.0 km/h	1.2 km/h	1.25 km/h	1.25 km/h	1.5 km/h	1.5 km/h
Continuous operating time	-	-	-	60 minutes	60 minutes	120 minutes	130 minutes
Degrees of Freedom	12		41	41	66	41	38

DARPA Robotics Challenge edit

A HUBO entered by TEAM KAIST was the winner of the DARPA Robotics Challenge finals on June 6, 2015.^[2]^[3] The machine, called DRC-Hubo, is an adaptable multifunctional device with the ability to transform from a walking robot to rolling on four wheels by bending and using wheels incorporated into its knees. One of the tasks was to climb stairs, which the DRC-Hubo was able to do by transforming into its walking posture.^[4]

References edit

^ "Development of Humanoid Robot". HUBO Lab. Archived from the original on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2010-04-07.
^ Markoff, John (June 6, 2015). "Korean Robot Makers Walk Off With $2 Million Prize". The New York Times. Retrieved June 7, 2015.
^ "Robots from Republic of Korea and United States take home $3.5 million in prizes". DARPA Robotics Challenge. Archived from the original on April 28, 2016. Retrieved June 7, 2015.
^ Knight, Will (June 5, 2015). "A Transformer Wins DARPA's Robotics Challenge". MIT Technology Review. Retrieved March 3, 2021. DRC-Hubo claimed first place on Saturday afternoon by rising awkwardly from four wheels, and ascending several metal stairs with a series of slow, halting steps.