Ham_sausage Knowpia

Ham sausage is a sausage prepared using ham and other ingredients, the latter varying by location. It is a part of the cuisines of China, Germany, Poland and the United States. Ham sausage is a mass-produced food product.

*Kiełbasa szynkowa* is a Polish ham sausage.

By country edit

China edit

A type of Autoclaved Ham Sausages by Shuanghui Group in China

Autoclaved ham sausage is branded as "Ham Sausage" in China.^[1] Ham sausage is mass-produced and consumed in China, and several varieties of the product exist in the country.^[2]^[3] The Chinese ham sausage is a mixture of meat and starch, as well as low concentrations of water, vegetable oil, salt, monosodium glutamate and other food additives.^[4] A very small amount of ham sausage produced in China is exported to Japan (around .02% in 2004).^[a] The Chundu Group is an example of a Chinese company that produces ham sausage.^[6]

Germany edit

Still life with ham platter. Italo-Flemish, 17th century. Slices of ham sausage are on the right.

In German cuisine, ham sausage (Schinkenwurst) is made from ham mixed with varying amounts of bacon, ground pork, beef, meat trimmings, garlic, and spices.^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10] The mixture is stuffed into casings, can be smoked, and is cooked in scalding or boiling water.^[7]^[8] Ham sausage can be cured using a curing solution that is rubbed into the ham, and machines can perform this process.^[11] Ham sausage has a marbled appearance due to the ham and bacon pieces in it, which can be observed when the product is sliced.^[7]^[12] German ham sausage can be sliced and then grilled or fried, and is also used as an ingredient in soups and stews.^[7]

Italy edit

Soppressata is an Italian dry-cured salami that is sometimes prepared using ham.^[13]

Poland edit

Kielbasa szynkowa is a Polish ham sausage prepared using ham, pork shoulder, beef and spices.^[14]^[15] It can be prepared by hot smoking.^[14]

United States edit

The Christian Klinck Packing Company, established around 1868 in Buffalo, New York, by German immigrants, sold a ham sausage and other sausage products by 1905.^[16]^[17]^[18] During the 1910s the Edelweiss brand included ham sausage in its product line.^[19] In the late 1800s in the U.S., Parisian ham sausage was prepared using pork ham or shoulder, beef and spices.^[12]^[20] Parisian ham sausage at this time was smoked and then boiled.^[20]

Smithfield Foods, an American^[21] meat processing company, introduced ham sausage as part of its product line in the late 1970s.^[b] Sales projections for Smithfield Foods ham sausage were estimated to be 12,000 pounds (5,400 kg) per month when the sausage was introduced, and average sales thereafter of 38,000 pounds (17,000 kg) per month exceeded the initial estimate.^[22]

New England ham sausage, also referred to as pressed ham, is prepared using ham or pork shoulder trimmings, and lean pork that is ground, smoked and then boiled.^[c]

Mass production edit

Ham sausage is a mass-produced food. The Tai Foong Canned Goods Co. in Shanghai, China, produced and purveyed canned corned ham sausage and canned smoked ham sausage as early as 1915.^[24] The Tianjin Meat United Processing Factory in Tianjin, China, produces Yingbin brand ham sausage in contemporary times.^[3]^[25] G.A. Müller and Könecke are German companies that produce a ham sausage called Schinken Bockwurst (English: ham bockwurst) and other sausage products in contemporary times.^[26] Smithfield Foods of the U.S. has mass-produced ham sausage.^[22]

Notes edit

^ "According to statistics, China's ham sausage export to Japan stood at only 3 1 tons in 1996, accounting for a mere 0.2% of ..."^[5]
^ "Radcliffe says he expects Ham Sausage to catch on quickly in the South. By late this year, he says, Smithfield will push into the North, trying Philadelphia first and eventually New York City; he's hopeful Ham Sausage will catch on outside Dixie ..."^[22]
^ "New England Ham Sausage, or Pressed Ham: This sausage is very tasty. It is made of lean pork, ham, or shoulder trimmings. The meats are cut about the size of an egg and dry-cured with 3 pounds (1.4 kg) of salt, 3 ounces (85 g) saltpeter, and one pound (450 g) of sugar per 100 pounds (45 kg) of meat."^[23]

References edit

^ 方亦 (2017). "淀粉含量决定火腿肠等级". 科普天地.
^ China in the Global Economy The Agro-food Processing Sector in China Developments and Policy Challenges: Developments and Policy Challenges. OECD Publishing. 2000. p. 168. ISBN 978-91-641-8029-2. Retrieved June 7, 2017.
^ ^a ^b 《中國國家級企業總覽》編輯部 (1991). 中国国家级企业总览. 機械工業出版社. p. 81. ISBN 9787111025122. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ Qiuchi Song; Yiwu Chen; Liming Zhao; Hongsheng Ouyang; Jun Song (2019). "Monitoring of sausage products sold in Sichuan Province, China: a first comprehensive report on meat species' authenticity determination". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 19074. Bibcode:2019NatSR...919074S. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-55612-x. PMC 6911015. PMID 31836781.
^ China Economic News. Economic Information & Concultancy Company. 2004. p. 18. Retrieved June 7, 2017.
^ Larçon, J.P. (2009). Chinese Multinationals. World Scientific. p. 17. ISBN 978-981-283-559-8. Retrieved June 7, 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Sinclair, C.G. (1998). International Dictionary of Food and Cooking. Fitzroy Dearborn. p. 252. ISBN 978-1-57958-057-5. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ ^a ^b Laws, F. Secrets Of Meat Curing And Sausage Making. Рипол Классик. pp. 123–124. ISBN 978-5-87627-447-2. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ Davidson, A.; Jaine, T. (2014). The Oxford Companion to Food. Oxford Companions. OUP Oxford. p. 719. ISBN 978-0-19-104072-6. Retrieved June 7, 2017.
^ United States Congressional serial set. 1907. p. 261. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ Food Chemistry. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 2013. p. 561. ISBN 978-3-662-07281-3. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ ^a ^b Duff, J.C. (1899). The Manufacture of Sausages. National Provisioner Publishing Company. pp. 118–119. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ Malik, A.; Erginkaya, Z.; Ahmad, S.; Erten, H. (2014). Food Processing: Strategies for Quality Assessment. Food Engineering Series. Springer New York. p. 148. ISBN 978-1-4939-1378-7. Retrieved June 7, 2017.
^ ^a ^b Strybel, R.; Strybel, M. (2005). Polish Heritage Cookery. Hippocrene Books. p. 783. ISBN 978-0-7818-1124-8. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ Rough Guide Phrasebook: Polish. Rough Guide to... Rough Guides. 2012. p. 254. ISBN 978-1-4053-9053-8. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ Health, Buffalo (N.Y.). Dept. of (1905). Annual Report of the Department of Health of the City of Buffalo, NY for the Year Ending... Baker, Jones & Company, Printers and Binders. p. 107. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ Eisenstadt, P.R.; Moss, L.E. (2005). The Encyclopedia of New York State. Syracuse University Press. p. 1360. ISBN 978-0-8156-0808-0. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ "A Few of Buffalo's Prominent German-American Citizens in 1901 – Immigrant Communities of Buffalo – Pan-American Exposition of 1901". University at Buffalo Libraries. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ Official Gazette of the United States Patent Office. The Office. 1913. p. 494. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ ^a ^b "Practical Points for the Trade". The National Provisioner, Volume 52, Part 2. 1915. p. 18
^ http://www.wh-group.com/en/about/milestones.php
^ ^a ^b ^c The South Magazine. Volume 6, Issues 1–12. Trend Publications. 1979. p. 18.
^ Schueren, A.C. (1927). Meat Retailing. Vaughan Company. p. 693. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ Shriver, J. Alexis (1915). Pineapple-Canning Industry of the World. Special Agents Series. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 23. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ "Company Overview of Tianjin Meat United Processing Factory". Bloomberg. May 21, 2017. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
^ Drescher, L.S. (2007). Healthy Food Diversity as a Concept of Dietary Quality: Measurement, Determinants of Consumer Demand, and Willingness to Pay. Cuvillier. p. 263. ISBN 978-3-86727-300-8. Retrieved May 21, 2017.

Summary