Summary
Higham Ferrers was a parliamentary borough in Northamptonshire, which was represented in the House of Commons from 1558 until 1832, when it was abolished by the Great Reform Act. It was one of the very small number of English boroughs in that period which was entitled to elect only one rather than two Members of Parliament.
| Higham Ferrers | |
|---|---|
| Former Borough constituency for the House of Commons | |
| 1558–1832 | |
| Seats | One |
| Replaced by | North Northamptonshire |
History edit
The borough consisted of the parish of Higham Ferrers, a small market town in the east of Northamptonshire. In 1831, the population of the borough was 965, and it contained 169 houses; a further two houses were in the town but outside the boundaries of the borough.
Higham Ferrers was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1556 and was first summoned to elect a representative to the Parliament of 1557–1558. The right to vote was exercised by the Mayor, aldermen, burgesses (members of the town corporation), and freemen, provided they were householders in the borough and not receiving alms; in 1831 this comprised a total of 33 voters. Since the corporation elected its own successors and had the right to create freemen (which was sparingly used), this ensured that the power was self-perpetuating and usually entirely under the influence of the local landowner or "patron".
In the first few years of its existence, during the early Elizabethan period, Higham Ferrers seems to have been entirely under the sway of the Duchy of Lancaster, electing Duchy officers as its MPs, but later in the same reign the influence of the local landed families became more evident, in particular the Hattons and the Montagus of Boughton. From the start of the 18th century, however, the Watson-Wentworth family, later Marquesses of Rockingham, owned the borough and exercised an unchallenged right to nominate its MP; on the death of the 2nd Marquess in 1784, the patronage passed to his nephew and heir, the Earl Fitzwilliam, who still retained it at the time of the Reform Act.
Higham Ferrers was abolished as a constituency by the Reform Act, those of its inhabitants who were qualified subsequently voting in the Northern division of the county.
Members of Parliament edit
1558–1640 edit
| Parliament | Member |
|---|---|
| 1558 | Ralph Lane[1] |
| 1559 (Jan) | John Purvey[2] |
| 1562–3 | John Purvey[2] |
| 1571 | Christopher Hatton[2] |
| 1572 | Edmund Downing[2] |
| 1584 (Nov) | Humphrey Mildmay[2] |
| 1586 (Sep) | Humphrey Mildmay[2] |
| 1588 (Oct) | Richard Swale[2] |
| 1593 | Henry Montagu[2] |
| 1597 | Henry Montagu[2] |
| 1601 (Sep) | Henry Montagu[2] |
| 1604–1611 | Sir Goddard Pemberton |
| 1614 | Rowland St John |
| 1620–1625 | Sir Charles Montagu |
| 1626 | Sir Thomas Dacres |
| 1626 (Feb) | Sir George Sondes |
| 1628 | Sir George Sondes |
| 1629–1640 | No Parliaments summoned |
1640–1832 edit
| Year | Member | Party | |
|---|---|---|---|
| November 1640 | Sir Christopher Hatton | Royalist | |
| September 1642 | Hatton disabled from sitting – seat vacant | ||
| 1645 | Edward Harby | ||
| 1653 | Higham Ferrers was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament and the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate | ||
| January 1659 | James Nutley | ||
| May 1659 | Edward Harby | ||
| April 1660 | Sir Thomas Dacres | ||
| 1661 | Lewis Palmer | ||
| 1679 | Sir Rice Rudd | ||
| 1685 | Sir Lewis Palmer | ||
| January 1689 | Sir Rice Rudd[a] | ||
| February 1689 | Hon. Lewis Watson | ||
| July 1689 | Thomas Andrew | ||
| 1698 | Thomas Ekins | ||
| 1702 | Thomas Pemberton | ||
| 1703 | Thomas Watson-Wentworth[b] | ||
| 1714 | Charles Leigh | ||
| 1722 | Thomas Watson-Wentworth | ||
| 1724 | John Finch | ||
| May 1741 | Henry Finch[c] | ||
| December 1741 | Henry Seymour Conway | Whig | |
| 1747 | John Hill | ||
| 1753 | Hon. John Yorke | ||
| 1768 | Frederick Montagu | ||
| June 1790 | Viscount Duncannon[d] | ||
| December 1790 | John Lee | ||
| 1793 | Serjeant James Adair | Whig | |
| 1798 | Stephen Thurston Adey | Whig | |
| 1801 | Francis Ferrand Foljambe | Whig | |
| 1807 | William Windham | Whig | |
| 1810 | Viscount Duncannon | Whig | |
| 1812 | William Plumer | Whig | |
| 1822 | Viscount Normanby | Whig | |
| 1826 | Major-General Frederick Cavendish Ponsonby | Whig | |
| 1830 | Viscount Howick | Whig | |
| April 1831 | Viscount Milton | Whig | |
| July 1831 | Charles Pepys | Whig | |
| October 1831 | John Ponsonby | Whig | |
| 1832 | Constituency abolished | ||
Notes edit
- ^ Rudd was also elected for Carmarthenshire, which he chose to represent, and did not sit again for Higham Ferrers
- ^ Wentworth was re-elected in 1714, but had also been elected for Malton, which he chose to represent, and did not sit for Higham Ferrers in this Parliament
- ^ Finch was also elected for Malton, which he chose to represent, and never sat for Higham Ferrers
- ^ Duncannon was also elected for Knaresborough, which he chose to represent, and never sat for Higham Ferrers
References edit
- Robert Beatson, A Chronological Register of Both Houses of Parliament (London: Longman, Hurst, Res & Orme, 1807) [1]
- D Brunton & D H Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
- Cobbett's Parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest in 1066 to the year 1803 (London: Thomas Hansard, 1808) [2]
- J. E. Neale, The Elizabethan House of Commons (London: Jonathan Cape, 1949)
- T. H. B. Oldfield, The Representative History of Great Britain and Ireland (London: Baldwin, Cradock & Joy, 1816)
- Edward Porritt and Annie G Porritt, The Unreformed House of Commons (Cambridge University Press, 1903)
- J Holladay Philbin, Parliamentary Representation 1832 – England and Wales (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965)
- Henry Stooks Smith, The Parliaments of England from 1715 to 1847 (2nd edition, edited by FWS Craig – Chichester: Parliamentary Reference Publications, 1973)
- Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "H" (part 3)