Historic_Congregation_B'nai_Abraham Knowpia

Historic Congregation B’nai Abraham
Historic Congregation B’nai Abraham
Religion
Affiliation	Orthodox Judaism
Rite	Nusach Ashkenaz
Ecclesiastical or organizational status	Synagogue
Leadership	Rabbi Yochonon Goldman; Rebbetzin Leah Goldman;
Status	Active
Location
Location	523-527 Lombard Street, Society Hill, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19147
Country	United States
	Location in Philadelphia
Geographic coordinates	39°56′36″N 75°09′05″W / 39.94320°N 75.15126°W
Architecture
Architect(s)	Charles W. Bolton & Sons
Type	Synagogue
Style	Byzantine Revival
General contractor	Saml. Lashner & Co.
Date established	1874 (as a congregation)
Groundbreaking	1909
Completed	1910
Construction cost	$28,000
Specifications
Direction of façade	South
Capacity	1,000
Website
	www.phillyshul.com

Historic Congregation B’nai Abraham, officially B’nai Abraham Chabad, is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 523-527 Lombard Street, in the Society Hill neighborhood of the Center City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in the United States. Established as a congregation in 1874 and the current synagogue building completed in 1910, worshipers can access daily, Shabbat, and holy day services in the Ashkenazi rite. B'nai Abraham is home to a Jewish Preschool,^[1] as well as Lubavitch of Center City.^[2]

Russian Shul, 1874-1891 edit

B'nai Abraham was established in 1874 as the "Russian shul". An 1881 almanac identifies the name as Beth Hamedrosh Hagadol B'nai Abraham Anshe Russe. Its congregants officially incorporated in 1882 as Chevra B’nai Avrohom Mi Russe. The synagogue would continue to be known as B'nai Abraham Anshe Russa; Congregation B’nai Abraham; the B’nai Abraham Congregation; and later as Historic Congregation B’nai Abraham.

Rabbi Israel M. Sacks served as first official rabbi of the congregation as early as 1881.^[3]

B'nai Abraham grew in the 1880s with increased immigration of Jews from Russia and Eastern Europe and their settlement in Philadelphia in the city's Jewish quarter. In 1885, B'nai Abraham purchased a building at 521 Lombard Street for $3,000 built in 1820 by the Wesley Church, an AME Zion congregation, who had broken away from Mother Bethel A.M.E. Church, 419 South Sixth Street. By 1885, Wesley Church's congregation had outgrown the building.^[4] The 1885 dedication of the synagogue building was attended by Marcus Jastrow, rabbi of the city's German congregation, and Sabato Morais, rabbi of the Spanish and Portuguese congregation.

Rabbi Bernard Leventhal, 1891-1953 edit

April 1910, The Philadelphia Record.

Rabbi Eliazar Kleinberg, Chief Rabbi of Vilna, assumed the pulpit of the congregation in 1889 and served for two years before his passing.^[5] In September 1891, Rabbi Kleinberg was succeeded by his son-in-law, R. Bernard L. Levinthal. Rabbi Levinthal would serve as the congregation rabbi until his passing on September 23, 1952.^[6]

B'nai Abraham had 225 members and 150 seat holders in 1900.^[7]

In 1909, B'nai Abraham retained the services of contractor Samuel Lashner & Co. to construct a new building at a cost of $28,000.^[8] It was designed by architect Charles W. Bolton & Co. in the style of Byzantine Revival. Bolton and his firm had designed B'nai Reuben, built on South Sixth Street in 1905. They took as inspiration for B'nai Abraham's new building the Pike Street Synagogue (Congregation Sons of Israel Kalwarie) built in 1903 and 1904 at 13-15 Pike Street in Manhattan, and designed by the architect Alfred E. Badt. Demolition of the old building began on May 10, 1909^[9] and the new building was dedicated April 1910.

The building was struck by lightning in July 1926, igniting a fire that caused $75,000 in damages to the property. The synagogue then housed twenty three Torah scrolls all of which were rescued.^[10]

B'nai Abraham, 1954-present edit

March 11, 2015

Rabbi H. Zvi Gottesman succeeded R. Levinthal on a part-time basis in 1954.

Society Hill's Jewish population contracted in the 1960s and 1970s, and B'nai Abraham identified as a Conservative congregation by 1974.^[11]

Rabbi Ezekiel Musleah (1927-2020), from Kolkata served as rabbi from 1979 until 1982.^[12]

Rabbi Yochonon Goldman became the congregation's rabbi in 2000 and continues to serve in this capacity in 2019.

The congregation had 75 members in 2011.^[13]

Congregation B'nai Abraham at 523-527 Lombard is now the oldest Philadelphia synagogue built as a synagogue and still in continuous use as such.^[14]

The Philadelphia Historical Commission added Congregation B'nai Abraham to the Philadelphia Register of Historic Places on Dec. 31, 1984.^[15]

References edit

^ Holmes, Kristin E. (September 26, 2014). "Opening the doors to Jewish life to a new generation". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved 2015-04-07.
^ "Lubavitch of Center City". chabad.org. Retrieved 2015-04-06.
^ Public Ledger Almanac. G.W. Childs. 1881. p. 32. Retrieved 2015-04-06.
^ "B'nai Abraham Synagogue". philaplace.org. Retrieved 2015-04-06.
^ Friedman, Murray (1993). When Philadelphia was the capital of Jewish America. Balch Institute Pres. p. 128.
^ Sherbock, Dan (March 10, 2006). Dictionary of Jewish Biography. A&C Black. ISBN 9780826480408.
^ Adler, Cyrus; Szold, Henrietta (1900). American Jewish Year Book. American Jewish Committee. p. 428.
^ Mehren, Edward J.; Coddington, Henry; Goodell, John M. (1909). Engineering Record, Building Record and Sanitary Engineer. Vol. 59. McGraw Publishing Company. p. 672.
^ Boonin, Harry Davidow (1999). The Jewish Quarter of Philadelphia: A History and Guide, 1881-1930. Jewish Walking Tours of Philadelphia. ISBN 096698840X.
^ "Philadelphia Synagogue, Destroyed by Lightning, Was Historic Landmark". jta.org. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. July 29, 1926. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
^ Dubin, Murray (December 8, 1974). "Orthodox Jews Fade Away in Society Hill". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Philadelphia. pp. 1B, 10B.
^ Elkin, Jay (May 20, 2015). "Still Reading Torah After All These Years". Jewish Exponent. Philadelphia. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
^ O'Reilly, David (October 7, 2011). "Philadelphia's oldest synagogue thriving with hope". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved 2015-04-06.
^ "HISTORY". Historic Congregation B'nai Abraham. Retrieved 2016-12-27.
^ Philadelphia Historical Commission, Philadelphia Register of Historic Places as of August 28, 2019