The Hypocreales are an order of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. In 2008, it was estimated that it contained some 237 genera, and 2647 species in seven families.[1] Since then, a considerable number of further taxa have been identified, including an additional family, the Stachybotryaceae.[2] Wijayawardene et al. in 2020 added more families and genera to the order.[3] According to the Catalog of Life, As of April 2021[update] the Hypocreales contains 6 families, 137 genera, and 1411 species.[4] Hyde et al. (2020a) listed 14 families under Hypocreales, while, Wijayawardene et al. (2022) accepted 15 families in the order,[5] where Cylindriaceae was additionally added. Earlier, Hyde et al. (2020a) had placed Cylindriaceae in class Xylariomycetidae.[6] Samarakoon et al. (2022) agreed.[7] Hence, Cylindriaceae should have been excluded from Hypocreales and placed in Xylariomycetidae. Xiao et al. (2022) recently introduced a new family Polycephalomycetaceae to Hypocreales.[8]
Hypocreales | |
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Tolypocladium sp. | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Fungi |
Division: | Ascomycota |
(unranked): | Sordariomyceta |
Class: | Sordariomycetes |
Subclass: | Hypocreomycetidae |
Order: | Hypocreales Lindau (1897) |
Species of Hypocreales are usually recognized by their brightly colored, perithecial ascomata, or spore-producing structures. These are often yellow, orange or red.
(with amount of genera);[3][5]
According to a 2020 review of fungal classification, the following genera within the Hypocreales have an uncertain taxonomic placement (incertae sedis), and have not been assigned to any family:[3]